Natural Nutrition Modification for Acclimatization and Hydroponic

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 2021

Aims: Previously conventional substrates consisting of topsoil mixtures have produced low yield and low survival rate of the tissue culture plantlets. Semi-Autotrophic Hydroponics (SAH) technique is being compared with Sawdust (SD) and Topsoil (TS) as a suitable method of acclimatization and further rooting of the plantlets. This research is aimed at optimizing the protocol for acclimatization of tissue culture pineapple plantlets. Study Design: Experimental Research Design. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at the Biotechnology Research Unit, Tissue Culture Laboratory, National Horticultural Research Institute, Jericho-Idi-Ishin, Ibadan. Feb 2021 – April 2021. Methodology: The technique employed was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 10 samples per treatment in 6 replicates. 5 treatments were investigated in this research. Data analysis was done with the use of SAS statistical analysis software (p<0.05). Fresh crowns of Ananas comosus (pineap...

2019

Prancak 95 tobacco has the potential to be developed in Indonesia because it has a distinctive aroma and a nicotine content of 2.13%. The quality of this tobacco raw material must be improved and started from the use of quality seeds through in vitro culture techniques. However, several things that must be considered are the acclimatization stages. One of the efforts to increase the growth of seedlings during the acclimation can be done by providing natural plant growth regulators (PGR) from extracts of organic materials such as coconut water, young corn, sprouts, and banana weevil that has been fermented in advance using EM-4 bioactivators . Based on this, the purpose of this study was to determine the optimal concentration of natural growth regulators in the acclimatization of Prancak -95 tobacco. This study uses a non factorial randomized block design with four treatments concentrated solution of natural growth regulators, which include: Control (no treatment), 10; 25; and 50 ml/...

Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science), 2006

The objective of this researchwas to determine the effect affermentation by soil rrticrtsbes on the in vitro DM, NDF, ADF digestibility and fermentabiliry characteristics of palm ernpty bunch. Pctrm ernpty bunch is fermented by lWri soil microbes insculum / kg DM with length of 0. I, 2 and 3 weeks fermentation at aerobic candition. Digestibility was determined afier 48 h incubation with rumen Jluid of Tilley and Terry techniqwe. Data were analyzed as a Block randomized Design. Digestibility af DM,, NDF atd ADF, were dffirence among trentmeltts. In vitro DM digestibility after 48 h was higher for 2 weeks affermentation (5A,36Yo) thanfor 0, 1, and 3wkfermentation (33,72,48,Ag, and 46,36 yo) e<A,05). Neutrol Detergen Fiber digestibility afier 48 h was higher for 2 weeks offermentation (39,5 %a) thanfor 0, 1, ond 3 wkfermentation (28,8, 34,82, snd 30,56 %o) (P<0,05). In vitro ADF digestibility afier 48 h was also higher for 2 week^s of fermentation (34.88 Ya) thanfor 0, I, and 3 wkfermentation (20,9, 29,73, and 26.) (p< 0.05). The cmerage of pII was non dffirence among treatment. Concentration of NH3 was increase for all treatment, and concentration of VFA was also higher for 2 weelrs fermentation (113,46 mM.k was concluded thot palm empty bunchfermented by soil microbesfar length of 2 weel<sfermentation has better digexibility mdfermentabitity.

Veterinary World, 2023

Background and Aim: Ipomoea aquatica (Water Spinach) is the most potential for livestock growth performance, including chickens, pigs, cattle, and goats, especially in a tropical country like Cambodia. It is not only an alternative feed source but also one kind of supplemented feed for goat raising. Supplementation with Water Spinach in the utilization of low-quality tree foliage results in an increase in dry matter intake in goat production. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of supplementation of Water Spinach in the utilization of Mimosa pigra and Leucaena leucocephala leaf in in vitro fermentation. Materials and Methods: The study was designed according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in randomized design of seven treatments with different ratios consisted of different three types of dietary treatments, including M. pigra, L. leucocephala, and Water Spinach. The treatments were arranged according to a completely randomized design and were as follow: T1 = M. pigra leaf (100%); T2 = L. leucocephala leaf (100%); T3 = M. pigra leaf and L. leucocephala leaf (50% and 50%); T4 = M. pigra leaf and Water Spinach (99.5% and 0.5%); T5 = L. leucocephala leaf and Water Spinach (99.5% and 0.5%); T6 = M. pigra leaf and Water Spinach (99% and 1%); and T7 = L. leucocephala leaf and Water Spinach (99% and 1%). A total of 200 mg (dry matter) of dietary treatments were prepared in a 60 mL syringe. Each treatment was replicated 3 time. Gas recording of each treatment lasted for 3 days. In vitro was performed for 72 h, was followed by Makkar method. Gas production was recorded at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h of incubation by using strict anaerobic technique. A mixture of rumen fluid and dietary treatments were carried out under continuous flushing with CO2 in sharking incubator at 39°C. After incubating for 72 h, the ammonia concentration (NH3-N) was measured and recorded to identify pH, nutrient digestibility, and ammonia concentration (NH3-N). Results: Nutrient digestibility of the treatment with Water Spinach supplement in the utilization of L. leucocephala was obtained at a higher digestibility than treatment with M. pigra (p < 0.05). Gas production was different between groups (p < 0.05). Treatment with only M. pigra leaf had the highest gas production (A), while treatment with Water Spinach supplementation had the lowest gas production (A). At 0–24 h, the treatment with L. leucocephala leaf and Water Spinach 0.5% had the highest gas production, but after 24 h, M. pigra leaf and Water Spinach 1% and L. leucocephala leaf and Water Spinach 0.5% produced more gas compared to the other treatments (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The supplementation of Water Spinach 1% in treatment with M. pigra and L. leucocephala leaf resulted in increased degradability, gas production, and NH3-N concentration without a change in the pH value rumen condition. Based on these results, it is recommended that the level of Water Spinach supplementation should be 1% of dietary intake. Future studies should consider investigating the rumen ecology associated with Water Spinach supplementation. Feeding with Water Spinach remains a good supplement for ruminant performance; therefore, further studies should be conducted using Water Spinach in ruminant feeding in both metabolic and feeding trials.

Fungi grow on diverse habitats in nature and are cosmopolitan in distribution requiring several specific elements for growth and reproduction. In laboratory these are isolated on specific culture medium for cultivation, preservation, microscopical examination and biochemical and physiological characterization. A wide range of media are used for isolation of different groups of fungi that influence the vegetative growth and colony morphology, pigmentation and sporulation depending upon the composition of specific culture medium, pH, temperature, light, water availability and surrounding atmospheric gas mixture. However, the requirements for fungal growth are generally less stringent than for the sporulation. Microorganisms require carbon, nitrogen, minerals, sometimes growth factors, water and oxygen if aerobic, as elements for cell biomass, energy, biosynthesis and cell maintenance. The maximum production of some metabolites requires the incorporation of specific inhibitors in the medium either to minimize formation of metabolic intermediaries or to prevent further metabolism of the desired product. The prime ingredients of the media are water, energy sources, sources for carbon, nitrogen and minerals, chelators, growth factors, buffers, precursors and inhibitors. The present review was focused on the prevalence of fungi in an open environment and production of low cost culture medium fungal cultivation using Agroindustrial wastes.

This experiment was conducted to compare the effects of different fermentation methods of soyabeans on growth and serum indices using 240 days-old Anak broilers that were randomly divided into four (4) experimental groups of three replicates each. Dietary treatments were as follows: T1, T2, T3 and T4 representing lactobacillus (control), Cooking and fermenting, Daddawa fermentation and Cooking with potash before fermentation based groups at both starter and finisher phases and fed starter (1-35 d) and finisher (36-63 d ) diets. T2, T3 and T4 significantly (P < 0.05) increased SGR and GE when compared to T1 at the starter phase. FCR, PER and EER were significantly affected by dietary treatments (P > 0.05). Variations in serum profile were significant (P>0.5) except cholesterol. This suggest that fermentation processes provides effective mechanism for the improvement in growth indices, PER, EER and reduction in serum cholesterol in broilers

Food Chemistry, 1995

A laboratory method was evaluated for the production of tarhana, a popular Turkish fermented wheat-yogurt mixture. The changes in pH, the total titratable acidity and the vitamin content (thiamine, riboflavin and vitamin B12) of tarhana of different formulations (type of wheat flour, amount of yogurt and presence of salt) were monitored during fermentation. Chemical composition and acceptability of laboratory-produced tarhana were compared with those of authentic homemade and commercially produced tarhana. The pH and titratable acidity of tarhana samples did not change after the third day in the course of a 4-day fermentation. The final pH and acidity (expressed as percent lactic acid) of tarhana were found to be in the range of 4.348 and 1.8-2.3 (dry basis), respectively. The thiamine, riboflavin and vitamin B12 contents of tarhana did not change considerably during fermentation. The addition of salt to tarhana lowered the acid formation rate during fermentation, leading to a higher pH. The replacement of white wheat flour with wholemeal flour resulted in an expected increase in the protein and vitamin content of tarhana; however, a decrease in overall acceptability was observed.

Ecology, Environment and Conservation, 2023

Agro waste was collected from street vegetable and fruit vendors from Karad street markets (fruit peel samples and vegetables). All the agro wastes samples were subjected to fermentation and preparation of media. After observation of the results, it was clear that both fungi-Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. showed excellent growth on all the waste media prepared. The Fermented Banana waste medium and Fermented Cabbage waste medium proved to be the most effective for the growth of E.coli, Micrococcus sp. and Bacillus sp. The 3% concentrated fermented fruit and vegetable waste were found to give satisfactory results for the germination of groundnut seeds. Amongst all the media prepared, Fermented Banana waste, Fermented Cabbage waste and Fermented Banana + Chikoo waste were most effective and supported germination of Groundnut seeds. The Fermented Banana waste and Fermented Banana + Chikoo waste gave rise to shoot formation. It was evident that Fermented Cabbage waste media and Fermented Banana waste media gave excellent results for Bacteria and fungi and micropropagation of groundnut seeds. The present study has revealed that the fermented fruit peel waste and vegetable waste materials contain minerals and nutrients that can meet the nutritional requirements of industrially important fungi, bacteria and plants. Thus, agrowastes can be utilized as an alternative materials in the formulation of culture media for microorganisms and plants and they are less expensive.

Micropropagation of Coffea arabica cvs. Oudayni, Hammady and Dawaeiry from Yemen were initiated from seeds. Seeds were surface sterilized and inoculated into media supplemented with different salt strengths and germinated under dark. Seeds germinated on agar medium gave high hypocotyl length, high root length and full cotyledonary leaves expansion after 120 days of culture. Proliferation of these cultivars was experimented on MS media supplemented with different levels (0.0, 2.0, 4.0. 6.0 or 8.0 mg lG ) of 1 N6-Benzyladenine (BA), Thidiazuron (TDZ), 6-furfurylaminopurine (Kinetin), 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2butenylamino) purine (Zeatin) or 6-((,(-Dimethylallylamino) purine (2ip). Highest proliferation for all cultivars was obtained when BA was used at the highest level (8.0 mg lG ). Satisfactory proliferation rate in the three 1 cultivars was achieved at 8.0 mg lG kinetin and 6.0 mg lG TDZ. Zeatin and 2ip were both failed to promote 1 1 proliferation at any used level. Rooting was experimented on half-strength MS media supplemented with different levels (0.0, 2.0, or 3.0 mg lG ) of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or 1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Highest root number and length was achieved at 3.0 mg lG IAA or IBA for 1 all cultivars. Rooted plantlets were transferred to 1 peat: 1 perlite mixture and ex vitro acclimatization gave 100% survival.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED HORTICULTURE , 2009

Starch degradation characteristics in relation to physiological and biochemical properties during growth and maturation of apple fruit Manasikan Thammawong and Osamu Arakawa (Japan). Water usage and water use effi ciency of drip-irrigated tomato under defi cit irrigation Berhanu Kebebew and Ketema Tilahun (Ethiopia). Effects of antibrowning agents on the shelf life of fresh-cut green jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) Boodia Navindra, Ruggoo Arvind and Boodoo B. Hassina (Mauritius). Sucrose synthase and acid invertase activities in relation to the fl oral structures abortion in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under low night temperature Néji Tarchoun Salah Rezgui and Abdelaziz Mougou (Tunisia). Use of plastic shades to regulate growth of korarima (Aframomum corrorima (Braun) P.C.M. Jansen) S. Eyob (Ethiopia). Effect of growth regulators on in vitro plant regeneration of female papaya using axillary bud as an explant Renu Singh, Ram C. Yadav and Neelam R. Yadav (India). Effects of the addition of clinker ash to the propagation medium on rooting of rabbiteye blueberry cuttings T.