PUNJAB JOURNAL OF POLITICS

International Journal of Scientific Development and Research , 2023

This study presents a critical evaluation of the poverty alleviation programmes that the Indian government specifically implemented in rural areas after independence. This study's aim is to evaluate the effects of various poverty alleviation initiatives on the socioeconomic status and standard of living of rural residents of India as well as the reasons why some of these initiatives have failed and have drawn criticism. The paper is based on secondary data sources, including reports and documents from the government. Bar graphs, line graphs, and images have been used to present quantitative data throughout the entire paper, which is based on a qualitative methodology. This paper has provided a critical assessment of programmes like TRYSEM, IRDP, MGNREGA, etc. These programmes highlight achievements in generating income and building infrastructure while highlighting problems like corruption and poor targeting. The results paint a complex picture of rural India's efforts to reduce poverty. There are still issues like administrative roadblocks, corruption, poor targeting, and low awareness, despite the fact that some programmes have produced commendable results in terms of creating income, improving livelihoods, and developing infrastructure. Additionally, there are concerns about the sustainability and long-term effects of these interventions, necessitating a more thorough investigation of the structural barriers to holistic advancement.

India is one of the most progressive nations of the world, making waves in the field of science and technology, nuclear energy etc. Global multinationals and growing industries have changed the face of urban India with people being employed in corporate, having a fairly high standard of living and an increased purchasing power. But this just shows the glorious side of the story for India. But the rural country still struggles for its basic necessities of life like food, drinking water, shelter and education. Despite the country's meteoric GDP growth rate, poverty in India is still pervasive; especially in rural areas where 70% of India's 1.2 billion populations live. It is one of the fastest growing economies in the world and yet its wealth is hardly redistributed across the population. Major determinants of poverty are low levels of per capita income, high population growth, unequal distribution of wealth, inadequacy of infrastructure, unproductive employment, and under employment and disguised unemployment etc. The objectives of the present paper is to review the poverty definition, causes of poverty, effects, policy perspectives of poverty alleviation programmes and to analyze various programmes, emphasis of Five Year Plans (FYPs) on poverty alleviation, gains of poverty alleviation programmes in India and remedies. The poverty alleviation programmes, recycles the overall standard of living of the people. As these programmes ensures better health, better education to their children. Hence the income generation through employment gives minimum hopes to take care of the future generation in respect of their education, public health including adaption of a family planning and other developmental aspects in growing economies, indirectly gives a way to remove poverty.

The State vested with the political right to govern over the sovereign must engage in ensuring prosperity among its citizens. In a harmonious society this is achieved through provision of space to individuals and groups to co-exist with differences, such differences in skills and beliefs constituting the basis of private profit ensuring prosperity. This obligation, however, is difficult to discharge in practice. In nations, such as India, rural underdevelopment and the accompanying poverty of a large section of the population continue to be a blight on the narrative of development. As part of the development planning exercise in India, the government has been carrying out direct poverty alleviation programs for over two decades now. The thrust of such programs has been generation of employment in rural areas through State financed public works construction programs that build up the rural physical infrastructure as well. We argue in this paper that the basic thrust of the program is...

2015

The Reconstruction and Development Programme represents government's commitment to eradicate poverty. For this vision to materialize, policies must be orientated towards the provision of basic needs, the development of human resources and a growing economy which is capable of generating sustainable livelihoods. The success of government's strategy for growth, employment and redistribution (GEAR) is dependent on the maintenance of a sound fiscal and macro-economic framework. Rural development will contribute to this policy Eradication of poverty and provision of basic minimum services is integral elements of any strategy to improve the quality of life. No development process can be sustainable unless it leads to visible and widespread improvement in these areas. There is by now enough evidence to show that rapid growth has strong poverty reducing effects and given a public policy stance, which is sensitive to the needs of the poor a focus on accelerated growth will also help...

The paper discusses the implementation of national policies and programmes in removing poverty in some Indian states by taking into account the factors of population, sex ratio, and literacy rate and number of below poverty line people. The study is based on data collected from estimate reports and national level assessment reports and it is related to the states of Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Jharkhand which are also known as BIMARU states.

2018

Rural development has assumed global attention especially in the developing nations. It has great significance for a country India where majority of the population, around 65% of the people standing in rural areas. The present strategy of rural development in India mainly focuses on poverty alleviation i.e., for better livelihood opportunities, provision of basic facilities like infrastructure through innovative programmes of self-employment and salary. I describe the role and function of the Government and its’ programmes for rural development in India. The technology interventions in the field of rural development have been discussed briefly and efforts being made to give an innovative idea. The poverty alleviation programmes were not successful in most parts of India but still government putting efforts to make strategy successful. Especially to cover the lack of proper implementation and right targeting, overcome the overlapping of schemes, control population to renders the sche...

The Indian Journal of Medical Research

This paper discusses the evolving profile of poverty in India and reviews the national performance of selected anti-poverty programmes between 1997-1998 and 2005. For each programme, it outlines the budgetary allocation principle used for the States and districts and analyzes budgetary performance over the period. The main objective is to explore the extent to which the anti-poverty programmes are reaching their target groups effectively. Finally, it identifies the specific factors responsible for under-performance and provides a set of recommendations for policy makers and programme implementers which could help improve the outcomes of the schemes.

Addaiyan Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2019

Poverty is a world-wide and multi-dimensional phenomenon and it exists both in developed and underdeveloped economy. In Rio-Declaration, the commission has given prominence on bio-diversity, climate change, forest management and conservation along with a priority to the poorest sections of the community. The central government of India, under UPA Government, enacted a National Employment Guarantee Act. This would provide a legal guarantee for at least 100 days of employment to begin with an asset-creating public works programmes every year at minimum wages to at least one able bodied person in a family. The act was notified on 7th September, 2005. The significance of the programmes makes the government legally acceptable for providing employment to those who ask for it. It was considered as growth engine for sustainable development of an agricultural economy through the process of providing employment on works that address causes of chronic poverty such as drought, deforestation and...

Alochana Journal, 2024

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme is the only poverty alleviation programme in India that provides 100 days assured employment every year to every rural household. Unemployment increases poverty. This research paper discussed the status of poverty in Vaijapur Tehsil and Aurangabad District. It further analysed the impact of MGNREGS on poverty in Vaijapur tehsil. The hypotheses regarding the significant difference in the income level and expenditure level of the households before and after joining MGNREGS and also the significant association between the participation in MGNREGS and reduction in the level of poverty among the sample households were also tested.