Cuban Missile Crises

This paper will analyze one of the most tense superpower confrontation in history-The Cuban Missile Crisis-which occured in October of 1962 and it is seen as the most dramatic stage of the Cold War (Seibert, E. W.,2003). The latest being a spiral conflict between the two nuclear giants, the United States and the Soviet Union, due to the probability of the crisis to escalate until the catastrophic point of a third world war namely a nuclear one. The mainly goal of the two parties was to take position and possession of land where the other could become vulnerable in order to defend each other interests and emerge as the superpower. As a matter of fact this episode chose Cuba as the battleground, in this small Caribbean island nation, the Soviet Union installed offensive ballistic missiles pointing at the United States. It was only when John F. Kennedy realized via a photographic mission the presence of those destructive missiles that the crisis started and thirteen days from there the whole world lived a time of disquietude, tension and fear; the globe trembled. During this short but horrendous period the presidents managed to give a peaceful solution to the conflict. They knew the dangerous consequences of a counterattack or a retaliatory blow despite both contenders had the opportunities, the power and the means to contest.

Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 2018

The Washington and Moscow relations deteriorated culminated to the worst during 1962, on the issue of missiles which is commonly known as the Cuban Missile Crisis (CMC) in history. The crisis culminated to the brink of nuclear war between both superpowers. It can be said that it was the part of the Cold War Doctrine in which Cuba played a vital role. It was the head of the Cuba, Mr Fidel Castro who instigated this event which culminated to the brink of the war (nuclear) between the USA and the United Soviets Socialist Republic (USSR). The USSR aim in engaging in the CMC had multi-purposes. The US believed that it would be simple to remove Mr Castro from the political power through various means. However, all the US efforts to remove Castro from the Cuban government failed utterly. Fidel Castro's popularity became more apparent when he sided with the Soviets Union. His government challenged the US and brought the Soviet Union close to pressurise Washington to get a good political deal. This paper, therefore, is designed to understand the political situation of the three countries and their political leadership role in averting the nuclear disaster in the region. Further, it is investigated that to what extent the installation of the Nuclear Missiles in Cuba succumbed to the political disturbance in Washington.

how did cuban crisis started and ended

2021

This book presents a detailed analysis of the U.S. policy that was adopted toward Cuba by the Richard M. Nixon administration between January 20, 1969, and August 8, 1974. Based on governmental, as well as other, sources from both the U.S. and Cuba, this book examines the rupture where the policy of "passive containment" was complemented with a policy of "dirty war." President Nixon attempted to reestablish a confrontational and violent path of action, and once again, Cuba was exposed to a "dirty war" consisting of different forms of aggressive terrorist activities. Since the conditions for this violent route had changed dramatically both in the U.S. and in Cuba, a policy characterized by a continuity of the economic and psychological warfare came to be the central one for the Nixon administration. This book is unique since it is written from a Cuban perspective, and it therefore complements and enriches the knowledge of the U.S.-Cuban relationship during the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1970s, and the policy adopted by the Nixon administration. It is of relevance to everyone interested in the issue, and especially for students and researchers within the disciplines of history and political science.

2013

The Cuban missile crisis of 1962 put extreme pressures on the relations between the American defense and decision-making apparatuses. While the military pushed for a military intervention, President Kennedy and his advisors wished to safeguard nonmilitary options. The tensions between the two systems can be analyzed in terms of communication systems with different rationalities: whereas the political discussion proceeds in terms of deliberations which provisionally represent the various perspectives and interests, the military discourse needs clear objectives based on policy conclusions. Several incidents can with hindsight be considered as provocations by the military to trigger war, but others were a consequence of the failure of the political system to make itself clearly understood. Using Luhmann's sociology of communication, the tension between these two power-wielding communication systems can be considered as structural. Some implications of the model for civilian control are specified.

Cuban Missile Crisis: The Essential Reference Guide

Drawing on revealing new research, this richly informative volume is the definitive concise introduction to the crisis that took the world to the brink of nuclear war. • 73 alphabetically organized entries that offer valuable insights into the leaders, events, and ideas that shaped the Cuban Missile Crisis • More than a dozen expert contributors representing all countries involved in the crisis • Seven primary source documents, including President Kennedy's speech to the American public and letters exchanged between Premier Kruschev and Fidel Castro • Biographies of major figures, including the Kennedys, Nikita Khrushchev, Fidel Castro, Adlai Stevenson, and Valerian Zorin • A thorough chronology outlining all key events before, during, and after the crisis • A comprehensive bibliography on the crisis, including a significant number of recent publications that have brought new understanding of the conflict to light

In the fall of 1962, the world was on the edge of witnessing a nuclear war brought by the Cuban missile crisis. The said crisis occurred during the period of Cold War between two superpowers namely the United States of America (USA) and the Soviet Union. For 13 days, the vast majority of the world found themselves in hostage to every move and decisions carried by the involved parties. Despite the fact that a possible nuclear war was circumvented, the dramatic crisis was characterized by its various loopholes on the foreign policy processes, calculations and miscalculations, anticipated political and military analyses, and miscommunication. Such features of the Cuban missile crisis placed not only the two countries in conflict, but the rest of the world on the verge of nuclear dangers. More than exploring the factors that almost placed the world on the rim of nuclear war, this paper provides an overview of the historical background on how Cuba was placed between two disputing powers during the Cold War era. It also explores the ramifications of the Cuban missile crisis in the international relations and political aspects at the time of the Cold War. This paper also strives to present the political issues faced by the dramatic crisis in order to reexamine how these issues were reconciled or were plausibly left an open book.