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2014, The 1st Sino-Hungarian International Forum: Society of Rule Law, National Governance and Government Audit: Proceedings
After a brief summary on the theories used in public management and showing how the two-level public administration systems works in Hungary. The author gives an example of the fulfilling government tasks. The tasks and methods used by the Pécs City Government are described.
2013
Hungary is a parliamentary democracy. From the point of view of the territorial dimension of governance, it is a unitary state with a two-tier local government system (municipal and county level elected self-governments; hereinafter local governments). The constitutional-legal status, i.e. arrangement guaranteeing the broad autonomy of local governments is exceptionally strong, as are their functions in the provision of public services and in the administration/implementation of central government policies. The electoral system is a mixed one, involving elements of both the majority and the proportional system; the mechanism, however, strongly favours large parties rather small ones. Representatives of the single-chamber Parliament are elected either in individual constituencies or on party lists. In 2008, there were four parties in the House of Representatives. During the five election periods having taken place since the transition, all governments were (either twoor three-party) ...
2014
There are at least two main examination aspects of Hungarian public administration and administrative law: first, the approach sketching the main features of the broader legal system and of law enforcement practice; second - almost as importantly -, the examination which describes and assesses 'reality' in a wider social scientific framework and through (public) policy features and processes. It shall be stated that legal approaches and analysis methods are dominant in the self-image of Hungarian public administration, in its practical operation and in its scientific description attempts. Among both the general features of the legal system reflected in administrative law and in its broader public policy features, there are some which are relatively stable - providing a high level of security even in case of certain political and legal changes . We call them "elements of our administrative heritage": a) The first such "heritage-element" is tradition, which...
1993
I THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND In 1990, the Hungarian political system underwent fundamental change. As a consequence, the socialist state organization, which had supported the former Dr l s t v h Balks
International Public Administration Review, 2014
The purpose of this paper is to introduce those scientific methods and new paradigms that are to overcome the one-sided jurisprudential methods of analysis of public administration. On the one hand, as it has been obvious for a long time, a sort of inter- or multidisciplinary method is needed for a strong scientific and material framework which allows further conclusions. And on the other hand, beyond multi- and interdisciplinarity, it is unavoidable to reestablish the philosophic synthesis between the legal norms regulating public administration and the facts of the real operation. Probably this direction will/may be the basis and the realiser of the change of paradigm (also) in Hungarian sciences of public administration. In general it may be stated that due to the crises social sciences more and more shall start examining the real meaning of things, the broader examination frameworks of the analysed phenomena, instead of descriptive questions analysing the ways of operation. In t...
Sic itur ad astra V. Collection of papers on Hungarian and Croatian legal history 2022, 2022
Paragraph (1) of Article F) of the Fundamental Law states that the capital of Hungary shall be Budapest. As the only metropolis in our country, Budapest can proudly bear its title of capital, which it has undoubtedly earned: with a population of approximately one million seven hundred thousand and an area of 525 km 2 , it is the largest and most populous city of the country. Consequently, it is the centre of the social, cultural, economic and political life in Hungary. Therefore, it is no coincidence that according to Paragraph (2) of Article F) of the Fundamental Law "The territory of Hungary shall consist of the capital, counties, towns and villages. The capital and towns may be divided into districts." By contemplating these provisions of the Fundamental Law, it appears evident that Budapest has a peculiar legal status, provided by the Act 189 of 2011 on Local Governments in Hungary. 1 Under Paragraph (1) of Section 22 of the Local Government Act, Budapest has a dual self-government system, consisting of the Budapest municipality (the local government of Budapest) and the district governments. Among
Local Governance in the New Urban Agenda, 2020
After the transition in 1990, Hungary copied Western European examples in the political sense. As a result, the traditions of German and French public administration exerted a considerable impact on the Hungarian municipal system. However, Hungary has recently turned away from this trend and developed its public administration structure in a state-centred way. The structure, which was decen-tralised at the beginning, displayed signs of fiscal centralisation at first, with elements of political centralisation becoming more and more dominant. From the aspect of our examination, the course that the municipality system has run within the relation system of central power since the transition era is a core issue. For independent research, we examined how the population perceived access to local public services and what subjective population expectancies were associated with the objective conditions of the public services system. How important is it for them whether the given service is provided by the state, the local authority, a non-profit or a for-profit organisation?
Organizing for Coordination in the Public Sector, 2014
The paper examines, on the basis of qualitative interview data and documentary analysis, the one-stop-shop administrative service called 'Government Windows' as a case of central government policy coordination initiative in Hungary. The whole reform largely represents policy design from the top. The main finding of the study is that the Government Windows initiative seems to be unique in its ambition to cover a very broad set of administrative fields/agencies; an exceptionally diverse and technically complex set of administrative tasks; but to do so in a technically superficial way, focusing on organizational and operational aspects only, and oftentimes disregarding real service integration and the resulting gains.
2012
The functioning of the administrative system at central level is a good opportunity to reflect on the way oforganisation and operation of public services at the national level with al the deficiencies that these present.Let’s remember for the beginning the way of organisation and operation of this system. As public authorities, thenational administrative system has the Parliament as a deliberative authority and the Government as an executiveauthority, the difference being that taking into consideration the local administrative system, the Government canissue ordinances and emergency ordinances, thus taking over the role and the functions tat the Parliament has.
A D A L T A, 2021
Abstract: The main attention is paid to the characteristics of public administration reform in CEE. In particular, public administration was analyzed using a system of indicators: political stability and the absence of terrorism; efficiency of government activities; quality of government legislative activity; rule of law; control of corruption. The reasons of application failures of public administration and consequences of its introduction are outlined. Also have been identified the key features of the SIGMA program, which formed the preconditions for the introduction of public administration in the CEE countries. The reform of public administration through the implementation of e-government has been clarified. It is substantiated that the efficiency of public administration is influenced by such indicators as: political stability, corruption control, the quality of government regulations and the rule of law. In particular, attention is focused on the priority of the rule of law and rule-making activities. Keywords: public administration, governance, Central and Eastern Europe, COVID-19, good administration.
Central administration Chapter · January 2014 with 1 Reads In book: Hungarian Public Administration and Administrative Law, Publisher: Schenk Verlag, Editors: András Patyi, Ádám Rixer, Gyula Koi, pp.287-303. 1st János Fazekas 2.33 · Eötvös Loránd University Abstract Before the change of regime (1989-1990) Hungarian public administration was a unified state administration system under very strong political guidance exercised by the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (MSZMP) which was the only political party during the communist era. Local governments were not separated from the state and political administration. The head of the state administrative system was the Government which was subordinate to the MSZMP. After the change of regime the democratization process of the Hungarian public administration began. The local governments became independent from the Government. On the other hand, the change of regime had very serious affects on the central government itself. These affects are as follows: a) The Government became the leader of the state administrative system in both political and administrative sense. The Government is the principal body of state administration, having organizational power over it and adopting decrees. On the other hand, the Government’s democratic legitimation comes from the Parliament, because the Parliament delegates power to the Government which shall be responsible to the Parliament. Therefore the Parliament has its general impact on the functioning of the Governments (e.g. acts, the state budget). b) The governmental system faced some new tasks which could not be observed in the communist era, e.g. the Hungarian Competition Authority was established in 1990: this kind of body would have been certainly unthinkable before the Regime Change because of the lack of a market economy. c) The other important new phenomenon is the rise of autonomous and quasi-autonomous agencies in central administration, e.g. the aforementioned Hungarian Competition Authority or the National Radio and Television Board in 1996. These organs need some degree of independence from the Government and the other levels of central administrations (e.g. ministers) because of the political sensibility of their work or to guarantee the functioning of some constitutional rights. d) The impacts of EU-accession in 2004 and later the EU-membership were not so well-marked since EU law, according to the Treaties, provides no direction on what kind of organizational structure Member States operate. However, this statement proves to be less and less true. The convergence between Member States brought organizational solutions closer together, even in the sense of organizational specifications. E.g. some EU regulations oblige Member States to establish and operate independent regulatory authorities in certain sectors. The ministerial structure has been affected by changing economic regulation, especially with regards to the organisational models evolved to solve and handle tasks that arise from the fact of being a member of the EU (e.g. harmonisation of legal framework, the transposition of the services directive, development policies, planning, and use of EU subsidies). Agency-type organizations gain more significance within Member States. As mentioned above, there are fields in which the EU obliges Member States to operate independent regulatory bodies (e.g. media). These agencies also operate trans-national networks for e.g. information-gathering purposes.
1992
The paper introduces the new established local government system in Hungary. The process, the values followed by the legislators showed which kinds of factors used to have an impact during the systemic changes and why the chosen local government model is fighting many malfunctions like fragmented, inefficient public services, financing problems, lack of integration, low performance in development policy etc. The paper tries to emphasise the path dependency in shaping territorial governance in a form of eliminating the almost always strong county governments and in the reluctance toward association of municipalities. Although the sand glass model of public power having strong bottom and top and lacking strong meso differs completely from the past as regards the power setting among levels but is similarly centralised. The original aim to strengthen the bottom is failed since the fragmented small municipalities were not able to fulfil the delegated tasks and what is the real paradox th...
2021
ABSTRACT: The present paper proposes the analysis of the institutions of the central public administration in Transylvania, in the voivodeship period. The topic was a researched one by different categories of professionals, and the analysis of these institutions had some peculiarities, depending on the area of study. Thus, historians have analyzed this topic in terms of historical events, the emergence and succession over time of public administration institutions at the central level. The lawyers studied the appearance and evolution of the legal norms that regulated the appearance and activity of public administration institutions. Economists have researched public administration institutions from an economic perspective. In our turn, we intend to analyze these institutions of the central public administration from an interdisciplinary perspective, to observe the particularities of the institutions in relation to the Transylvanian form of organization, both during the voivodship. T...
2007
The existence and development of a human collectivity is conditioned by its members' gratification (food, dwelling, transport, health, education, culture). In order to satisfy the requirements with social character (dwelling, public transport, health, education, culture), some organizations, which develop social activities, called public services, were set up.
PUBLIC MANAGEMENT FORUM: A QUARTERLY NEWSLETTER FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PRACTITIONERS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE, 2002
PUBLIC MANAGEMENT FORUM: A QUARTERLY NEWSLETTER FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PRACTITIONERS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE 7:(2-3) pp. 3-8. (2002)
Central and Eastern European eDem and eGov Days, 2022
Several reforms were introduced in the Hungarian public administration in the last decade that reshaped both the local and central governance levels. A well-functioning administration with embedded institutions enables the formulation of a competitive environment that favorably effects the country’s economic growth. The projects of the reform program are partly financed by the European Union’s Cohesion Funds through the Hungarian Public Administration and Civil Service Development Operation Programme. Hungary is committed to attain a good state through good governance and devoted to implement a results-oriented approach in its policy cycles. The international indexes providing comparisons among public administrations of different countries cannot fully and in detail reflect the results and impact of executed projects. As a response to the need for continuous monitoring based on data, the Hungarian Government introduced a unique pilot evidence-based assessment framework connected to ...
European Journal of Law and Public Administration
This micro-research allowed the highlighting of the organizational particularities, from a territorial and functional point of view, of the deliberative bodies of the public administration at the level of Suceava County in Romania and Briceni District in the Republic of Moldova. Suceava County Council is a public authority that operates at the county level with the aim of managing the activity of communal, municipal and city councils for the provision of county public services. The Briceni Rayon Council is the representative and deliberative authority of the rayon population, its subdivisions implementing public policies in the fields of education, social assistance, finance, culture, tourism, agriculture, economy, construction and management.
From Financial Centralisation to Political Centralisation. The Focal Points of the Municipal Reforms from the Transition Until Present Day Hungary, 2020
After the transition in 1990, Hungary copied Western European examples in the political sense. As a result, the traditions of German and French public administration exerted a considerable impact on the Hungarian municipal system. However, Hungary has recently turned away from this trend and developed its public administration structure in a state-centred way. The structure, which was decentralised at the beginning, displayed signs of fiscal centralisation at first, with elements of political centralisation becoming more and more dominant. From the aspect of our examination, the course that the municipality system has run within the relation system of central power since the transition era is a core issue. For independent research, we examined how the population perceived access to local public services and what subjective population expectancies were associated with the objective conditions of the public services system. How important is it for them whether the given service is provided by the state, the local authority, a non-profit or a for-profit organisation?
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