The Brain Behavior

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, Preface cognitive neurology, namely temporolimbic epilepsy, major psychiatric syndromes, and the dementias. The last two of these chapters, those on the psychiatric syndromes and dementia, are new and address areas that were not covered in the first edition.

Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 2007

The neuropsychiatric manifestations of neurodegenerative diseases are closely linked to neurocircuitry defects. Frontal-subcortical circuits, in particular, are effector mechanisms that allow the organism to act on its environment. In this paper, we present the three main frontal-subcortical circuits: the dorsolateral prefrontal circuit allows the organization of information to facilitate a response; the anterior cingulate circuit is required for motivated behavior; and the orbitofrontal circuit allows the integration of limbic and emotional information into behavioral responses. Impaired executive functions, apathy, and impulsivity are hallmarks of frontal-subcortical circuit dysfunction. A variety of other neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Tourette's syndrome, Huntington's disease, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and mood disorders may result from disturbances that have a direct or indirect impact on the integrity o...

Brain Research, 1988

In previous studies, we have demonstrated that in male rats, unilateral right hemisphere lesions of either the frontolateral cortex or the nucleus accumbens (NAS) result in significant postoperative locomotor hyperactivity. In the present study we carried out two experiments to assess whether the production of hyperactivity in response to these two lesions is mediated through a common mechanism. In the first experiment, male Sprague-Dawley rats received either unilateral frontocortical suction and/or unilateral electrolytic lesions of the NAS. Only rats with lesions of the right hemisphere (suction and/or electrolytic) developed locomotor hyperactivity. Similar lesions in the left hemisphere did not result in behavioral changes. While both right cortical and NAS lesions alone produced hyperactivity, there was no additive effect of both lesions. In the second experiment, the effect of cortical lesions on NAS dopaminergic activity was assessed. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received either a right, left or sham frontocortical suction lesion, and were sacrificed 1, 2, and 4 weeks after surgery. Right hemisphere suction lesions produced a significant bilateral increase in NAS and caudate nucleus dopamine turnover (as measured by DOPAC/DA ratio) 4 weeks post-lesion, while similar left hemisphere lesions did not. These findings suggest that lesions in the dorsolateral frontal cortex and NAS may affect locomotor activity through a common mechanism mediated through the NAS.

Brain & Behavior An Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience Fifth Edition

Brain & Behavior is an attempt to reach out to students, to beckon them into the fascinating world of behavioral neuroscience. Authors: Bob Garrett. California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Gerald Hough. Rowan University Contributions by Meghan C. Kahn. Indiana University Southeast Joshua S. Rodefer. Valdosta State University

2007

© 2007 Zinn et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

Psychiatry and Neuroscience Update - Vol. II, 2017

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2005

Journal of Psychophysiology, 2010

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2002

The main theme of the Konishi laboratory is neuroethology, which is the neurobiological study of natural behavior such as prey capture by owls and singing in songbirds. This approach requires close integration between behavioral and neurophysiological or neuroanatomical studies.