EXPANSION JOINT TREATMENT: MATERIAL & TECHNIQUES

This report reviews the state of the art in design, construction, and maintenance of joints in concrete structures subjected to a wide variety of use and environmental conditions. In some cases, the option of eliminating joints is considered. Aspects of various joint sealant materials and jointing techniques are discussed. The reader is referred to ACI 504R for a more comprehensive treatment of sealant materials, and to ACI 224R for a broad discussion of the causes and control of cracking in concrete construction. Chapters in the report focus on various types of structures and structural elements with unique characteristics: buildings, bridges, slabs-on-grade, tunnel linings, canal linings, precast concrete pipe, liquid-retaining structures, walls, and mass concrete.

Transportation Research Record, 1987

The ability of a bridge deck expansion joint to be smooth riding, durable, and waterproof is essential to the performance of the bridge superstructure. Recent developments in the design, manufacture, and installation procedures for expansion dam systems have indicated a potential ability to meet these requirements. In this study, the characteristics and field performance of modular expansion joint systems, metal-reinforced elastomeric expansion dam systems, and gland-type bridge expansion dam systems were evaluated. Results of the field study are summarized and recommendations made on continued use of some systems, including neoprene seals for small movements (less than 2 in.), strip seals for intermediate movements (up to 4 in.), and finger dams with neoprene troughs for large movements (greater than 4 in.).

2011

The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) has both open and closed bridge expansion joints and associated details that are problematic. Several state highway agencies (SHA) have joints that they believe are superior performers to other types and have prepared guidance documents for their use. A literature search indicated that several previous research studies, including national surveys, addressing SHA joint practices have been conducted over the past 10 years. For up-to-date information, a new set of surveys were developed and distributed to all the SHAs by email through the AASHTO Subcommittee on Maintenance - Bridge Technical Working Group chairman in June 2010. There were two sets of surveys: 1) design and construction, and 2) maintenance, that were submitted to two separate entities within each SHA.

1981

This Standard supersedes BD 33/88 and covers the requirements for the use of expansion joints in highway bridge decks. THE HIGHWAYS AGENCY BD 33/94

2005

An elastic analysis of an existing 20-storey reinforced concrete moment resisting frame divided in 3 blocks shows that beams supported on corbels of the adjacent block at the expansion joint loose their support when each independent block vibrate on its own under earthquake. Different reconnection hypothesis were considered, ranging from fixing totally each block to the adjacent one to more flexible options leaving some free relative move between blocks. An elastic modal superposition followed by a pushover analysis considering the final reconnection principle were made. The degrees of freedom of the joint reconnections were observed to be an important parameter. The solution found leaves a free relative rotational move between blocks and a flexible translational movement, so that forces at the connection do not become uselessly high. The springs used (long tie rods) work essentially elastically so that no permanent relative displacement exists between blocks after an earthquake.

IABSE Symposium Report, 2006

Retrofit of bridge expansion joints correspond to a relatively large part of the total maintenance cost of medium-length and large bridges. In the future, it is therefore important to design suitable joint types that function smoothly for such large movements during a long time without damages or malfunctioning. A widely used, modern joint type for large joint movements is the Modular Bridge Expansion Joint (MBEJ). The paper mainly deals with different aspects of MBEJs (function, fatigue, maintenance etc). Several premature fatigue failures of modular bridge expansion joints (MBEJs) have occurred in Europe and USA. The principal causes of such failures have been poor detailing and too large centre beam spans. Results from field and laboratory measurements are discussed.

International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022

The pounding responses of the expansion joint in a curved ramp bridge under earthquake conditions. Long term effects of such seasonal temperature changes develop stresses and deformation in the building. Concrete creep and shrinkage increase the cracks widths and stresses. For elimination of this expansion joints are provided. The temperature expansion occurred most significantly during 20°C to 40°C and the optimised gradation could alleviate the arch expansion effectively, in the range of 20°C to 30°C. An expansion joint is a gap provided in the structure to allow expansion and contraction of the building due to temperature changes. It absorbs the heat-induced by expansion and contraction of various construction materials. Two theoretical models were used under eight types of seismic conditions. Results indicate that a curved ramp bridge without an abutment expansion joint is a favorable structure for seismic design.

Transactions of the VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava, Civil Engineering Series., 2017

In the paper are presented general rules of the assortment of expansion joints in bridges located in areas being under the mining impacts. The maintenance problems associated with ground deformations are also mentioned. The special attention is given to the noise emitted by expansion joint devices. A legal status in the protection from noise and factors affecting this noise are discussed.