Economical Concrete

IRJET, 2023

The natural resources are depleting and construction & demolition wastes are increasing day-by-day. Researchers and governments of many countries trying to find out best solution to deal with this situation. Ceramic waste and granite waste from construction industry needed effective utilization. Many researchers have found its use for making concrete with partially or fully replacement of aggregates. In this study, we found out the optimum level of replacement of such wastes by studying various previous researches and reached to conduct a detailed experimental investigation using Indian Standards. In the proposed experimental investigation, the ceramic & granite waste will be used as coarse aggregate replacement up to 30% as individual or in combination of both to study their effect on M40 grade concrete for properties such as compressive, splitting, and flexural strength at 7 & 28 days.

"Environmental Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)", 2023

El-Shafie, Y.M. (2023). "Sustainable implementation of natural stone waste as cement replacement towards optimized concrete", In: "Environmental Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)", Wang, L.K., Wang, M.H.S., and Pankivskyi, Y.I. (Series Editors). 129 pages. May 2023. Lenox Institute Press, Auburndale, Massachusetts, USA. https://doi.org/10.17613/5vdn-4f05 ...... ABSTRACT: The main prospective is the natural characteristics of the stones. Thus, the optimal exploitation corresponds to their potentials and use possibilities. Ornamental stones include marble, granite and other refined stone types. The use of natural stones encompasses the extraction, transportation, manufacturing (sawing, polishing and cutting operations), shredding, installation and disposal process, which is a burden on the environment and causes health issues, in addition to economic issues. The process of recycling waste from the global industries is very profitable. However, waste is still not exploited in the best way on the industrial and investment level. Thus, the generated stone waste could be implemented in concrete composites in different additive percentage in order to rationalize the use of natural resources. The approach is to capacitate the concrete to absorb other industries waste and by-products. Therefore, the use of stone waste powder has a synergic effect positively on the environment, flora and fauna in addition to reducing the carbon footprint of cement, as a result of less energy consumption.

In the last 15 years marble, granite and natural stones wastes were estimated in Egypt as 100 million ton. These wastes were accumulated in wide areas that have a potential for new quarries thus hinder the sustainable development in the quarry areas. This study presents efforts undertaken in Egypt as well as other stone producing countries with an aim to adopt new ideas of re-using these wastes in the production of green concrete. Several attempts concluded the advantage of substituting these wastes to sand and cement in the concrete mix. Wastes improved the physical and mechanical properties of concrete due to its high fineness which provided good cohesiveness of concrete. Many tests revealed that 10% substitution of sand by the marble waste in the presence of a super-plasticizing admixture provided maximum compressive strength at the same workability level, comparable to that of the reference mixture after 28 days of curing. Regarding higher contents of stone slurry (substitution of more than 20% of sand), the decrease of compressive strength values was significant. Concrete mixes containing 30% red granite dust showed comparable compressive strength using natural or recycled aggregates, good workability, and excellent reddish colored surface finish. In general, the use of marble dust as sand replacement has more significant effect on the mechanical properties of concrete compared with using it as cement replacement.

SJCE SAUDI JOURNAL, 2019

Pakistan, especially NWFP, possesses huge marble reservoirs. The promotion and development of marble industry could bring prosperity and development for the country. Swat, Buner, Chitral, Kohistan, Mardan, Hazara, Nowshera and Kohat divisions are high potential areas for quality marble in the province. Mohmand, Khyber, Bajaur, Orakzai and Kurram Agencies from Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) have huge marble reservoirs. Pakistan offers big investment opportunities in mining, value addition and manpower development in the sector. Recent reports suggest that Saudi Arabia is interested in Pakistani marble to build its new cities with an expenditure of around $260 billion. Italy and other countries, it is learnt, want barter trade of their marble machinery & technology in exchange for the Pakistani marble. All this shows great investment potential in Pakistan's marble and granite sector. As an estimate of Pakistan Stone Development Company (PASDEC), 297 billion tons of Marble and Granite reserves are available in the country. More than 1,225 quarries and 2,000 processing units are operational. A group of committed business men agreed to form a Strategy Working Group (SWOG) to address how the industry can reposition itself through a better strategy. Marble is gaining popularity due to its increasing usage in construction industry. Nowadays in the modern architectural designs of houses and plazas include the final touch of marble in exterior as well as interior portions due to its attractive look. The research purpose of the study is to investigate the mechanical properties of concrete with different replacement levels of ordinary Portland Cement with Waste marble powder and natural coarse aggregates with recycled coarse aggregates. The standard cubes (150mmX150mmX150mm) were casted. Laboratory experimentation was carried out to analyze the performance of M25 grade mix cases were casted and tested. The compressive strength effect of concrete of various amount of replacement of cement viz., 5%, 10%, 15% with Waste marble powder and various amount of replacement of natural coarse aggregates with 15%, 30% and 45% with Recycled coarse aggregates. The resultant concrete was tested for parameters like compressive strength, slump and workability and compared with conventional concrete.

Global Research Analysis, 2013

Waste management is a fundamental component to any manufacturing or production enterprise. It is estimated that there are million tons of quarrying waste are produced in each year. Although a portion of this waste may be utilized on-site such as for excavation pit refill. Waste generated at quarries and fabrication plants is quite similar. Most commonly, scrap stone must be mitigated and managed, but attention must be paid to other types of wastes, as well. These include marble sludge/slurry. Marble sawing powder wastes is widespread by-product of industrial process in India. Generally these wastes pollute and damage the environment due to sawing and polishing processes. This waste is used for making a marble waste concrete. The main aim of this waste management is to evaluate recovery and use marble waste in making a low cost concrete.

Marble waste is generally a high polluting waste due to both its high alkaline nature, and its manufacturing processing techniques, which impose a health threat to the surrounding. The quarries and processing plants are littered with large amounts of waste products deriving from extraction, sawing, polishing. At present, no significant activities are in place to recover and reuse the ultrafine CaCO3 dust combined in waste slurries of marble processing plants. It can be helpful to considering these calcareous particles as primary or secondary raw materials for use in other production. The main objective of this paper is to study the production process of the marble and during the production process how much waste is generated during the production process.

IJCIRAS, 2019

Gradual depletion in the natural resources has posed great problem to the construction sector in the recent times. A recent survey has shown that the recent boom in the construction sector will not decrease, but ready rise in the number of housing projects will be quite evident in the 5-10 years. The cost of cement, sand aggregate has gone sky-high, thereby making it quite unaffordable now. Though M-sand and Quarry dust has replaced natural sand in recent times, other than conserving the later, the construction sector has seen no noticeable change in the price. Owing such an increase in the price, scientists and engineers have recently sought to research and study the properties and advantages of using other materials as a satisfactory substitute of cement, sand and aggregate. Hence the detailed study in this project is of using marble waste as a partial substitute of fine aggregate for increasing the strength of concrete. Marble waste is byproduct of marble production industries. Over 300 Million tones of industrial wastes are being produced by annum by chemical and agricultural process in India. Its mass production was found to create large scale environmental pollution. In addition these materials cause problems of disposals and health hazards. To reduce disposal and air pollution problems emitting from these industrial wastes, it is most essential to profitable building materials from them. In this experiments study, the effects of using marble wastes (MW) as a fine material on the mechanical properties of 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% by weight. This project concerned with experimental investigation of using marble waste on strength of concrete and finding out the optimum percentage of partial replacement by replacing fine aggregate via 0%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% by marble waste in M20 mix.

2018

The waste of the marble and granite industry imposes an imminent environmental and health hazard in many parts of the world creating various problems that are not only limited to the aforementioned hazards but are also related to high economic costs. Such waste could be used to replace both the fine and coarse aggregates in a Portland cement concrete mix enhancing its properties while simultaneously offering burial destination to such waste. Hence, it is vital to explore and research the properties of such waste products before incorporating it into Portland cement concrete. In this work, Portland cement concrete mixtures are prepared using the solid debris waste of marble and granite to partially replace coarse aggregates in three dosages. In Addition, 3 mixes using marble debris and slurry to replace both the fine and coarse aggregates is prepared to test the effect of the slurry. Aggregate, thermal, fresh and hardened concrete testing were conducted in addition to other tests suc...

The excessive consumption of river sand as a construction material has led to its acute scarcity. Researchers across the globe have attempted to utilize waste of copper slag, rubber tyre, recycled glass, pond ash, foundry sand, plastic, stone etc. as a partial or complete substitute of river sand in concrete. The present study investigates the feasibility of using granite cutting waste (GCW) as a partial substitute of river sand in high strength concrete based on strength, durability & microstructural attributes. Eighteen concrete mixes were cast at 0.30, 0.35 and 0.40 water cement ratios (w/c) by substituting 0%, 10%, 25%, 40%, 55% and 70% river sand by GCW. The concrete mixes were tested for compressive, flexural strength, abrasive resistance, permeability, water absorption, carbonation, corrosion and microstructure; changes in morphology and hydration were also studied. Test results suggested that 25e40% river sand can be substituted by the GCW with a favourable influence on the investigated parameters. The optimum amount of GCW to be used in concrete depends significantly upon water-cement ratio of concrete.