Croatian small islands – residential and/or leisure area

Ist Island is one of the small inhabited Croatian islands (9.65 km2) which experienced strong socio-geographic transformation in the second half of the 20th century. Statistical data about the number of population, different demographic structures, dwellings from different censuses and data about land use in 1900, 1951 and 2003 are analysed in the paper. The comparison of these data helps to reconstruct the processes of deruralization and deagrarization. It is obvious that today Ist Island is among islands with strong economic regress despite suitable natural-geographic basis for further development of tourism as the most perspective economic sector. The development of agriculture is limited because of the small share of arable land. / Otok Ist jedan je od malih naseljenih hrvatskih otoka (9,65 km2) koji je u drugoj polovici 20. stoljeća doživio značajnu socio-geografsku preobrazbu. U radu su analizirani statistički podatci vezani uz kretanje stanovništva, pojedine strukture i korištenje stanova različitih popisnih godina, te podatci o korištenju zemljišta iz 1900., 1951. i 2003. godine čija usporedba omogućuje rekonstrukciju procesa deruralizacije i deagrarizacije. Očito je da danas otok Ist spada među otoke s izrazitim gospodarskim nazadovanjem unatoč povoljnim prirodno-geografskim uvjetima za razvoj turizma kao najperspektivnije gospodarske djelatnosti. Razvoj poljoprivrede ograničen je zbog pomanjkanja obradivih površina.

Acta turistica, 2017

SAŽETAK: U radu se istražuje razvojni ciklus otoka Mljeta prema modifi ciranom Butlerovom (1980) modelu na temelju kriterija Lundtorpa i Wanhilla (2001) primijenjenih na broj turističkih noćenja. To predstavlja primjer razvojnog ciklusa deformiranog pod utjecajem rata, zbog čega se razvoj turizma istražuje u dva zasebna razvojna ciklusa međusobno odvojena Domovinskim ratom: (1) razvojni ciklus u socijalističkom razdoblju (1946. -1991.) i (2) razvojni ciklus nakon Domovinskog rata (1993. -danas). Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da bez adekvatnog upravljanja turizmom i unaprjeđenja turističkog proizvoda poslijeratni oporavak turizma ne doseže automatski prethodnu razinu posjećenosti te da se već unutar nekoliko godina može pojaviti prijetnja ponovnog opadanja. Iako dio otoka ima status nacionalnog parka, razvojni ciklus pokazuje uobičajeni tijek i obilježja kao u drugim primorskim destinacijama. KLJUČNE RIJEČI: razvojni ciklus turističkih područja, postsocijalistički razvoj turizma,

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2016

Suvremeni županijski ustroj Republike Hrvatske kao i strateško autocestovno povezivanje hrvatskih regija, posebice srednjeg i južnog dijela jadranskog priobalja kroz lički prostor, određuju nove funkcionalne poveznice središnjeg dijela Jadranske Hrvatske. Nasuprot recidivima nekadašnjih podjela i razgraničenja hrvatskoga prostora od Osmanskog Carstva, Habsburške Monarhije i Mletačke Republike, kraj 20. i početak 21. stoljeća označili su obnovljene procese prometnog, gospodarskog i funkcionalnog povezivanja suvremenoga ličkog i sjevernodalmatinskog prostora, slične nekadašnjim procesima u antici i u razdobljima afirmacije prvotne hrvatske državne jezgre. Izgradnja autoceste unutar Jadransko-jonskog koridora, usmjerenost na najbliže priobalno pročelje sa zračnom i pomorskim lukama, povezivanje turističkih kompleksa na potezu Novalja / Karlobag-Nin-Zadar-Biograd-Vodice-Šibenik-Primošten-Rogoznica s plitvičkim turističkim kompleksom, veći broj nacionalnih parkova i parkova prirode, potiču kroz neposredne i lako uočljive društvenogeografske procese novo, pojačano povezivanje. Tome pridonosi i razmjerno jednostavno i spontano prožimanje u sferi trgovine, prometa, bankarstva, uprave, školstva, sudstva, sigurnosti itd., što omogućuje, unatoč pojedinim, politički usmjeravanim ili naslijeđenim rješenjima te lokalnim prijeporima uvjetovanim razlikama i preklapanjima interesnih grupa, svrsishodno i učinkovito suvremeno životno povezivanje u gravitacijski jedinstveni i funkcionalan regionalni kompleks. Značenje postojećih i afirmiranih gravitacijskih središta, među kojima se Zadar kao staro razvojno žarište i čvorište na jadranskom hrvatskom pročelju ističe, od prvorazrednog je značenja, posebice u razdoblju demografske recesije ne samo manjih i ruralnih, nego i većih gradskih središta i ovoga regionalnog kompleksa, ali i čitave Hrvatske. Znanstveno i multidisciplinarno prepoznavanje suvremenih procesa razvitka i prostornih odrednica kod odabira suvremenoga regionalnog ustroja Republike Hrvatske povezano je i sa suvremenim upravnoteritorijalnim, dakle naslijeđenim i tradicionalnim županijskim ustrojem. Jednako je poželjno uskladiti ih i s NUTS regionalizacijom (posebice NUTS-3 razine) Europske unije, što je zahtjevan, ali i neodgodiv zadatak radi ravnomjerne raspodjele egzistencijalnih dobara i uravnoteženog, decentraliziranog i što kvalitetnijeg razvitka ličkog i sjevernodalmatinskog prostora, kao i Hrvatske u cjelini, u budućnosti.

In this work the starting point of the author is as more qualitative and functional territorial organisation of Croatia, especially its littoral area. Adriatic Croatia, as well as Eastern (Pannonian) and North-Western Croatia, has been one of three defined (future) Euroregions NUTS II in Croatia. In its recent territorial coverage it was suggested by the Republic of Croatia and accepted by Eurostat in 2007. It includes all littoral counties (županija) (7) of Croatia, covering 24.7 thousand square km with 1.4 million inhabitants (2011). The paper discusses a possible differentiation of this strategic littoral Adriatic area on three functional (gravitation) regions, of the third level (NUTS III) according to the Croatian Government criteria on efficacious decentralization and new regionalization of Croatia. Namely, some littoral counties do not satisfy European demographic criteria for statistical NUTS III region (150-800 thousand inhabitants) although in general, Croatian counties satisfy this criterion. That is why the author, applying demographic, geographic, economic, administrative and other criteria stresses the need of defining, harmonized as much as possible, three nodal-functional, i.e. gravitational regions with their centers in Rijeka, Zadar and Split. So, the Rijeka region would potentially cover Istria, Kvarner and Gorski Kotar areas with 505 000 inhabitants (2011), Zadar region would cover North Dalmatian and Lika areas with 330.000 inhabitants, and Split region would include Middle Dalmatian and Dubrovnik (South Dalmatian) areas with 578 000 residents. The Lika area is functionally and economically most optimally oriented towards Zadar, with regard to new processes of the highway linking and recently fast development of Zadar. U ovom članku autorovo polazište je što kvalitetniji i funcionalniji teritorijalni ustroj Hrvatske, posebice njezina primorskog prostora. Jadranska Hrvatska, uz Istočnu (Panonsku) i Sjeverozapadnu Hrvatsku, jedna je od triju definiranih (budućih) euroregija NUTS II. u Hrvatskoj. U današnjem teritorijalnom obuhvatu je predložena od strane Republike Hrvatske i 2007. godine prihvaćena od Eurostata. Obuhvaća sve primorske županije (7) Hrvatske, ukupne površine 26, 7 tisuća km2 i 1, 4 milijuna stanovnika (2011.). Rad razmatra moguću diferencijaciju ovog strateškog litoralnog prostora Jadrana na tri funkcionalne (gravitacijske) regije trećeg reda (NUTS III.), u skladu s kriterijima Vlade Republike Hrvatske za učinkovitu decentralizaciju i novu regionalizaciju Hrvatske. Naime, pojedine priobalne županije ne zadovoljavaju europski demografski kriterij za statističku NUTS III. regiju (150-800 tisuća stanovnika), premda u cjelosti hrvatske županije prosječno zadovoljavaju taj kriterij. Stoga, primjenom demografskih, geografskih, gospodarskih, administrativnih i drugih kriterija, autor naglašava potrebu određivanja demografski u najvećoj mjeri usklađenih triju nodalno-funkcionalnih, odnosno gravitacijskih regija sa središtima u Rijeci, Zadru i Splitu. Tako bi u Jadranskoj Hrvatskoj riječka regija potencijalno obuhvatila Istru, Kvarner, i goranski prostor s 505.000 st. (2011.), zadarska bi obuhvatila Sjevernu Dalmaciju i Liku s 330 000 st., a splitska bi obuhvatila Srednju Dalmaciju i Dubrovnik (Južna Dalmacija) s 578.000 st. Prostor Like se funkcionalno i gospodarski najoptimalnije usmjerava na Zadar, s obzirom na nove procese povezivanja autocestom i brz noviji razvoj Zadra.

There are about 160 to 170 autochthonous medicinal and aromatic plants that are either collected or produced in Croatia. In all parts of Croatia natural geographic conditions, namely climatic, pedological and hydrographical conditions are suitable for organic production of medicinal plants. In this work the authors give the most relevant information on chamomile (Matricaria chamomile) and lavender (Lavandula anustifolia) production. These two plants had the biggest share in medicinal plants production before war in the 1990s. Until then Croatia was one of the leading producers of chamomile and lavender in the world.

Annales, Series Historia et Sociologia, 2014

The paper discusses the artifi cial peninsulas and pseudo-islands of Croatia, i.e. technically bridged islands, which are linked to the neighbouring mainland or a larger island by means of a dike, bridge or both dike and bridge. Whereas artifi cial peninsulas are entirely incorporated into the mainland by means of dikes, pseudo-islands are connected to the mainland via bridges, thus losing some of their insular characteristics, particularly in terms of their functional link to the mainland.

2000

The paper deals with some recent problems of the western part of Zadar Archipelago in the Croatian Adriatic. The islands belonging to the group are Silba, Olib, Premuda, Molat and Ist (with Skarda island). They pertain to small Croatian islands, with an area of 85, 9 km 2, and only 925 inhabittants in 7 settlements (1991). The geographical problems of recent development have been connected with the isolation and dispersion of the zone, singularity of each island, poor natural resources (carbonate sediments and soils, lack of water, dry summers etc.), and sociogeographical and economical decrease (depopulation, closing of industries, fisheries, schools etc.). In the 18th and 19th cenuries this zone was much more developed and well known for its maritime activities (fishing and navigation). The climax of inhabitation was at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th c., and was accompanied by a specific balance between density of population and natural possibilities of the deve...

The paper deals with impacts of large scale patterns of socio-economic development on small island communities and their economies. The Croatian island of Unije (17 km2, 100 islanders) is chosen as a representative case due to its relatively rich resources and turbulent economic and social history. The paper describes the island's ecosystem, resources, population and built environment and analyses ups and downs that the island experienced in last two centuries. The inability of usual analytical methods to capture features of small economies and communities is observed and discussed. The main external economic factors of changes of the Unije community have been the fishing industry with its dynamic spatial pattern and the tourist industry which has been the main activity on the island in the last 40 years. Other factors have been changes in the geo-political environment and general socialist development policies. Development of both industries and corresponding state policies are...

It is a well-known fact that healthy environment is a basic prerequisite for preserving people's health and quality of life. Various symptoms of environmental crisis, perceptible worldwide in their various forms, are giving a clear warning that current civilization development patterns, unless significant changes and reversals occur, are unsustainable. The paper gives an overview of actual national state of the environment. It is pointed out that institutions whose competence involves the management of particular segments of the environment are insufficiently interconnected, and thus against insufficiently developed environmental awareness and the prevailing adverse economic conditions, render difficult any positive development with regard to restoring to measures for recovery and improvement aimed at preserving good quality of the environment. It is furthermore pointed out that rational and in the long-term efficient environmental protection at national level may be achieved and maintained only if considering the state of environment in its integrity, and by taking the measures and implementing the solutions based on an interdisciplinary expert approach accompanied by holistic management. In order to increase the efficiency of environmental protection, it is certainly indispensable to achieve inter-institutional integration and action while considering and contemplating individual environmental components as an integral corpus -indivisible ecosystem.

Geoadria Glasilo Hrvatskog Geografskog Drustva Ogranak Zadar I Odsjeka Za Geografiju Filozofskog Fakulteta U Zadru, 2011

Autorice na primjeru otoka Zlarina istražuju temeljne sociogeografske procese i najvažnije promjene u načinu života zajednica malih hrvatskih otoka od 1970-ih godina do danas. U radu je prezentiran dio rezultata istraživanja kvalitete života stanovništva Zlarina, provedenog metodom ankete i promatranja sa sudjelovanjem na uzorku od 67 ispitanika. Rezultati pokazuju da se zbog želje za demografskim opstankom zajednice, Zlarinjani sve više otvaraju prema strancima-prije svega doseljenicima, a onda i turistima, u kojima vide nadu demografske i gospodarske revitalizacije. Modernizacija je donijela i određene negativne promjene u mentalitetu i načinu shvaćanja zajednice, koje se ogledaju u smanjenoj solidarnosti članova i izraženijem materijalizmu. Ipak otočani i dalje iskazuju snažni osjećaj pripadnosti relativno homogenoj i intimnoj otočnoj zajednici u kojoj još uvijek postoji čvrsti osjećaj povezanosti. Ključne riječi: Zlarin, mali otok, migracija, depopulacija, otočnost On the example of the island of Zlarin, the authors investigate fundamental socio-geographic processes and the most important changes in the way of life of communities on small Croatian islands from 1970s until today. This paper presents a part of the results of a study conducted in February 2011 on Zlarin, within the framework of researching the quality of life of the population on the islands of Šibenik. It presents partial results of research on the quality of life of the population of Zlarin which was conducted using questionnaire and observation methods on a sample of 67 respondents. The results show that, due to their desire to assure the demographic survival of their community, Zlarin islanders are increasingly opening up towards foreigners-first of all to immigrants, and then to tourists, in whom they place their hopes for demographic and economic revitalisation. However, the islanders still show a strong sense of affiliation to their relatively homogeneous and intimate island community, to which they still have a strong sense of belonging.