MS IJBPAS

Eighty fresh samples of Oreochromis niloticus of family Cichildae were collected from Jable Aulia dam -Al shagara farm, University farm -Wad Al Mamon farm, (40 from the Nile and 40 from the farms), during the period April to July 2009.The spacemen's were examined for the presence of fungal contamination, based on the generic names of the isolated organisms.

Health

In this study fish samples were investigated for Bacteria and Fungi, in fish parts, such as intestine, gills and skin. Bacterial counts of Total viable bacteria (T.V.B) reached more than 9.5 × 10 5 cfu and faecal coliforms (F.C) reached 1.2 × 10 5 cfu. Different species were identified, Using API technology. Escherichia coli comes first by being recording thirty number case of isolation constituting 36%, it followed by Proteus mirabilis which is represented by twenty four number case of isolation accounting for 30%. Other taxa viz: Klebsiella pneumonia, Citrobacter freundii, Providencia stuartii and Erwinia sp. came next according to their case number of isolation, they represented only by 7%. They showed different antibiotics with different inhibitory concentrations, resistance pattern to gentamycin 10 μg, Penicillin G, tetracycline 30 μg, Ampicillin 10 μg, Ampicillin 30 μg, chloramphenicol (C) 30 μg, Rifampicin 25 μg, Streptomycin 5 μg, cefotaxime 15 μg. Mycological investigation revealed the presence of variety of fungal species, particularly, toxigenic species, such as, Aspergillus spp, Penicillium spp and Fusarium spp. These results are indication of the spoilage of fishes which caught from Lake Manzala and are risky for human consumption and hazardous to human health in this important area of Egypt, due to the high pollution condition of Lake Manzala.

Egyptian Veterinary Medical Society of Parasitology Journal (EVMSPJ), 2018

A total one hundred (Tilapia spp) Oreochromis spp fishes were collected and examined for the presence of ectoparasites, fifty fishes from each farm and wild environment (River Nile) over a period of five months from February to July 2017. Total infestation rate of ectoparasites from cultured Oreochromis spp (100%) was higher than of those recorded in wild Oreochromis spp (74 %). The ciliated protozoan parasite Trichodina spp was the most abundant ectoparasite recovered from both cultured and wild environment. However, the study revealed two kinds of external parasites, protozoa and monogenetic trematodes. Protozoans showed the most prevalent ectoparasites (100%) in cultured Oreochromis spp and (74%) in wild Orechromis spp, while the monogenetic trematodes recorded (20%) in cultured fishes only while wild fishes showed no infestation. Furthermore, the load of protozoans in cultured Oreochromis differed significantly (P< 0.001) from those of wild Oreochromis spp. Concerning, infestation rate of each parasite, the study uncovered that Trichodina spp, Chilodonella spp, Apiosoma spp and Myxobolus spp lodged the wild Oreochromis spp differ significantly (P < 0.05) from those of cultured type in contrary, the only Ambiphrya spp did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). As well as monogenetic trematodes recovered from cultured fishes were differing significantly (P< 0.001) from those recovered from wild fishes but this difference was applied only on Dactylogyrus spp since the Gyrodactlus spp did not show any significant.

Egyptian Journal for Aquaculture

Aquaculture remains one of the fastest-growing food-producing sectors and is set to play a key role in meeting the rising demand for fishery products that consider one of the cheapest sources of protein, Nile tilapia is the most economically important Freshwater Fish in Abbassa Farms and the most popular in Egypt. A total number of 100 randomly collected O. niloticus fish of different stages and different weights were obtained alive taken to lab. of fish health and management department in central lab for Aquaculture Research (El-Abbasssa), Sharkia, during the period from December 2018 to May 2019. The fish were subjected to clinical, post-mortem examination, Fungal isolation and identification revealed Saprolegnia sp., Penicillium sp., Rhodotorulla, Aspergillus niger., Fusarium sp., Aspergillus Ochraceus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus tamari, Absidia sp and Aspergillus versicolor sp. And histopathological for pathogenic fungus (Saprolegnia sp.), tissue specimens were taken from suspected lesions for Histopathological examination and showed severe hyperplasia of epithelial cell covering of secondary lamella of gills, alternative area of hyperplasia of sloughing of epidermis, increase number of mucus secreting cell; severe congestion of hebatoportal vein and central vein in liver; increase numbers of MMCs in spleen; condensation of glomuler tubules with edema in Bowman's capsule in kidney.

SEAS (Sustainable Environment Agricultural Science), 2020

This study aims to determine the microbiological contamination in the main water source of the Muara Nusa Dua Reservoir, the Tukad Badung River, and to determine the microbiological quality of fresh Oreochromis niloticus caught in the Muara Nusa Dua Reservoir in Denpasar. The study was conducted in May-August 2019 at the Denpasar Veterinary Laboratory. The method used is a descriptive method that aims to describe or describe the condition of the Tukad Badung watershed which empties into the Muara Nusa Dua Reservoir (Estuary Dam). Objective tests include the total bacterial test, the Coliform test, and the Escherichia coli contamination test. Water quality measurements are also carried out as supporting data from this study. The results of the study stated that there was microbiological contamination in the water source of the Muara Nusa Dua Reservoir, the Tukad Badung river, which also had an impact on the waters of the Muara Nusa Dua Reservoir. Microbiological contamination researc...

2020

The present study aimed to investigate bacterial quality of tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) and evaluate the hygienic health hazard of fish contaminated with some food borne pathogens. Bacteria were isolated from intestine, gills and flesh of Oreochromis niloticus collected from Lake Manzala during two seasons; winter and summer, 2017. Microbiological studies was applied for all samples as total viable bacteria, total coliform, faecal coliform, faecal streptococcus and examined for the presence of Pseudomonas sp. Results show that total viable bacterial count mean was highest in intestine 222 x 104 CFUg-1 in summer. Total coliform count mean was highest in intestine 425 x 103 CFUg-1 in summer. Faecal coliform count mean was highest in gills 90 x 102 CFUg-1 in summer. Faecal streptococcus detected in fish organs only in summer. P. aeruginosa count mean was highest in intestine 185 x 102 CFUg-1 in summer. Molecular identification of suspected colonies was as DNA extraction, PCR t...

An investigation was made on the parasitic infestation of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus collected from four different sources, i) Taranga Tonu pond of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), ii) Nilkomol pond of PSTU, iii) Pirtala fish market of Dumki upazilla and iv) Chanchal hatchery in Bauphal upazilla during August 2016 to February 2017. A total of 80 host fishes were examined of which 52 fishes were found infected by protozoan and metazoan parasites. A total of 3093 parasites belonging to nine genera (three ectoparasites and six endoparasites) were recorded from the investigated samples. Among the parasites, two were protozoan parasites, one was monogenic parasites and six were digenetic parasites. Endoparasites were higher than the ectoparasites. In terms of endoparasite and ectoparasites, Capillaria and chilodonella respectively were found in highest numbers. The maximum prevalence were recorded in Taranga tonu pond (100%) and Nilkomol pond (75%) and lowest ...

The aim of this study to survey the external protozoa parasites in Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias lazera in Khartoum state -Sudan. Seventy samples of fish were examined (40 samples of Oreochromis niloticus and 30 samples of Clarias lazera) were collected from three different sites in Khartoum state include: Jable Awlia Reservoir pond-College of Vet Medicine and Animal Production culture pond-Alsaham Alzahabie pond. The study conducted from March to August 2010 . The study revealed different type of protozoa in Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias lazera. Chilodonella and Icthyopthirius were recovered in and Clarias lazera (95%) in Jable Awlia Reservoir pond. Trichodinia was found in Oreochromis niloticus (80%) in Alsaham alzahabie pond and also found in Oreochromis niloticus in College of Vet. Medicine culture pond with density more than Clarias lazera. Oreochromis niloticus had high prevalence rate of protozoa parasites than Clarias lazera. There is no any relationship between number of parasite and health status of fish.

A total of 420 Oreochromis niloticus live fish specimens were collected from some farms fishes, (Central Lab for Aquaculture Research (CLAR) Abbassa, Sharkia and private fishes from Kalubia & Giza governorates), at different seasons. Inspected fishes were recovered infection with 4 genera of protozoan including; (Trichodina heterodentata, Trichodina mutabilis), Chilodonella hexasticha, Myxobolus ellipsoids and Epistylis spp.) with infection rates of 42.7%, 17.9%, 8.8% and 31.2%, respectively. Infection with Cichlidogyrus halli (monogenea), encysted metacercariae (digenetic larvae) and Lamproglena monodi (crustacea) were recorded in the examined with rates of 22.7%, 12.4% and 17.6%, respectively. Moreover, mixed infection with Trichodina, Epistylis and encysted metacercariae (EMC) were detected with rate of 3.6% in the examined fishes. The main clinical sings of infected fish were slimy dark skin with signs of asphyxia, detached scales with frayed fins with presence of hemorrhagic lesions on the skin, fins, and gills with congested gills.Treatment trials on O. niloticus fishes with mixed natural infected Tirchodina, Epistylis and EMC by using three products were used ; 1st Chemical treatment with Per oxygen compound®, surfactant organic acids and buffer systems; the 2nd natural product Humate® (humic, ulmic and folvic acids) and the 3rd Probiotic product as (Bacillus thuringenisis kurstak). The experimental treatment result revealed that Peroxygen® compounds at concentration (2ppm./40 min. & 5ppm/20min.) and at concentration (1000ppm/30 min. & 1500 ppm /15min.) were sufficient completely eradicates Trichodina spp. & Epistylis but did not affect on EMC in different doses. However, the natural product as Humate® was proved to be the most effective product at concentration 3ppm/ 30 min. to eradicated Tirchodina, Epistylis and at the same concentration for 60 min. was to be killing EMC infection. American Journal of Research Communication www.usa-journals.com Marzouk, et al., 2013: Vol 1(12) 327 [email protected] Hematological parameters of infected fish showed increase significant in RBCs & hemoglobin (P<0.005) 2.2+0.03 x106 /µl6 and (P<0.001) 6.7+0.01g/dl

Benha Veterinary Medical Journal

The present study was carried out on 120 examined cultured Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) (80 diseased fish and 40 apparently healthy) were collected alive from private fish farms at Kafr El Sheikh Governorates from April to October 2018. Grossly, examined diseased O. niloticus revealed eroded fins, redness on the skin, congested protruded anal opening and sometimes darkness on skin, ulcers with different sizes, and eye turbidity especially in fish naturally infected with Aspergillus, Fusarium and Pencillium. Mycological examination revealed isolation of 7 Genera of fungi from total incidence of 300 fungal isolates; 240 fungal isolates from diseased O. niloticus and 60 isolates from apparently healthy one. Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger were the most predominant fungi isolated from either apparently healthy or even diseased one mainly from internal organs. Molecular identification was performed using inter-transcriped spacer (ITS) gene for A. flavus and A. niger. Developed PCR assay specific primer detect A. flavus and A. niger showing clear bands at 595 and 600 bp molecular weight, respectively.