Review of Metrics on XML Schema Languages

2011 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development, 2011

eXtensible Markup Language (XML) based web applications are widely used for data describing and providing internet services. The design of XML schema document (XSD) needs to be quantified with software with the reusable nature of XSD. This nature of documents helps software developers to produce software at a lower software development cost. This paper proposes a metric Entropy Measure of Complexity (EMC), which is intended to measure the reusable quality of XML schema documents. A higher EMC value tends to more reusable quality, and as well, a higher EMC value implies that this schema document contains inheritance feature, elements and attributes. For empirical validation, the metric is applied on 70 WSDL schema files. A comparison with similar measures is also performed. The proposed EMC metric is also validated practically and theoretically. Empirical, theoretical and practical validation and a comparative study proves that the EMC metric is a valid metric and capable of measuring the reusable quality of XSD.

Computer Science and Information Systems, 2014

In XML Schema development, the quality of XML Schemas is a crucial issue for further steps in the life cycle of an application, closely correlated with the structure of XML Schemas and different building blocks. Current research focuses on measuring complexity of XML Schemas and mainly do not consider other quality aspects. This paper proposes a novel quality measuring approach, based on existing software engineering metrics, additionally defining quality aspect of XML Schemas in the following steps: (1) definition of six schema quality aspects, (2) adoption of 25 directly measurable XML Schema variables, (3) proposition of six composite metrics, applying 25 measured variables and (4) composite metrics validation. An experiment using 250 standard XML Schemas collected from available e-business information systems was conducted. The results illustrate influence of XML Schema characteristics on its quality and evaluate applicability of metrics in the measurement process, a useful tool...

2007 29th International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces, 2007

Assuring quality IT solutions demands assuring quality in all aspects of software development process. For this we need well-formed methods with suitable metrics with which we can verify if a process, software product, software component, software artifact or other part of possible solution meets defined quality characteristics. XML Schemas and corresponding XML documents are becoming the most important software artifacts. Today we can find large number of software metrics which are mostly used for software products. Very little has been done in field of metrics for XML Schema specification, especially metrics for evaluating XML Schemas quality. In this paper we will analyze existing XML metrics and their usage and try to hand out preliminary proposal for XML Schema quality framework.

2016

The structure and content of XML schemas impacts significantly the quality of data respectively documents, defined by XML schemas. Attempts to evaluate the quality of XML schemas have been made, dividing them into six quality aspects: structure, transparency and documentation, optimality, minimalism, reuse and integrability. XML schema quality index was used to combine all the quality aspects and provide a general evaluation of XML schema quality in a specific domain, comparable with the quality of XML schemas from othe r domains. A quality estimation of an XML schema based on the quality index leads to a higher efficiency of its usage, simplification, more efficient maintenance and higher quality of data and processes. This paper addresses challenges in measuring the level of XML schema quality within the publishing domain, which deals with challenges of multimedia content presentation and transformation. Results of several XML schema evaluations from the publishing domain are pres...

As XML 5] is emerging as the data format of the internet era, there is an substantial increase of the amount of data in XML format. To better describe such XML data structures and constraints, several XML schema languages have been proposed. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of six noteworthy XML schema languages.

2013

The structure and content of XML schemas, important and widely used document definitions, has a significant influence on the quality of XML data and XML technologies in general, therefore the quality of XML Schemas and accurate assessment of the quality is a fundamental research challenge in all fields of XML application. A good quality estimation of an XML schema can directly and indirectly lead to a higher efficiency of its usage, simplification of information solutions, efficient maintenance, and higher quality of data and business processes. This paper addresses challenges in measuring the level of XML schema quality by employing general software quality metrics; a set of holistically defined and document-oriented metrics is proposed. Proposed XML Schema quality metrics base on existing software metrics, adapted according to needs of XML schemas, addressing it mostly from a structural perspective.

Sigmod Record, 2009

XML has conquered its place as the most used standard for representing Web data. An XML schema may be employed for similar purposes of those from database schemas. There are different languages to write an XML schema, such as DTD and XSD. In this paper, we provide a general view, an X-Ray, on Web-available XSD files by identifying which XSD constructs are more and less frequently used. Furthermore, we provide an evolution perspective, showing results from XSD files collected in 2005 and 2008. Hence, we can also draw some conclusions on what trends seem to exist in XSD usage. The results of such study provide relevant information for developers of XML applications, tools and algorithms in which the schema has a distinguished role.

ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, 2005

On the basis of regular tree grammars, we present a formal framework for XML schema languages. This framework helps to describe, compare, and implement such schema languages in a rigorous manner. Our main results are as follows: (1) a simple framework to study three classes of tree languages ("local", "single-type", and "regular"); (2) classification and comparison of schema languages (DTD, W3C XML Schema, and RELAX NG) based on these classes; (3) efficient document validation algorithms for these classes; and (4) other grammatical concepts and advanced validation algorithms relevant to XML model (e.g., binarization, derivative-based validation).

International Journal of Information Retrieval Research, 2012

Designing “good” XML documents is a very difficult task for a database designer. Although many theories for XML database design have proposed, none of commercial design tool for XML document design has been developed to assist the XML document designer. In this paper, the authors present a formal framework of XML document design by incorporating a conceptual model of XML schema called Graph-Document Type Definition (G-DTD) with a theory of database normalization. This framework is designed as a blueprint to help the XML database designers to perform the XML document schema design quickly and accurately. The G-DTD is used to describe the structure of XML documents at the schema level. A set of normal forms for G-DTD on the basis of rules proposed by Arenas and Libkin and Lv. et al is used to provide a guideline to a well-designed schema for XML documents. They develop a prototype of XML document schema design using a Z formal specification language. Finally, using a case study, this ...

2020

Well organized data contributes extensively to the classification possibilities and quality of Knowledge Management. XML schemas play an important role in data organization activities, and provide basic foundations for companies and organizations dealing with large amounts of data. In times where knowledge represents the greatest advantage in a competitive economy and is relatively simple to find through different web providers, the quality of internal data structures and efficient management of a company’s valuable information is of the utmost importance. XML schemas are one of the mechanisms that can provide a data organization system in a qualitative manner, and efficient knowledge management as soon as data have been defined or accumulated. A good XML schema support is a way to increase the competitiveness of an organization by ensuring structured data quality and simplifying the Knowledge Management process.