M.Sc. Thesis on wood properties of Dalbergia sissoo

Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 2019

Attempt was made to evaluate the wood variation in Dalbergia sissoo (shisham) from the local markets of Himachal Pradesh. The highest moisture content (20.17%) was observed in the wood samples of Nalagarh site. Highest specific gravity of 0.644 was observed in Dattowal and lowest (0.748) in Nalagarh site. Significant variation in mechanical properties was observed for all the studied parameters. The maximum bending strength was recorded in Baroh and Sundernagar site (0.006 kN/mm2) and maximum tensile strength (0.094 kN/mm2) was noticed in the wood samples from Baroh site. The maximum compressive strength parallel to grain (0.069 kN/mm2) was observed in Kangu site and maximum compressive strength perpendicular to grain (0.038 kN/mm2) was found in Baroh site. The maximum modulus of elasticity parallel to grain (0.231 kN/mm2) was recorded in Ghumarwin and maximum modulus of elasticity perpendicular to grain (1.653 kN/mm2) was noticed in wood samples of Galore site. The greater modulus of elasticity due to tension and bending was found in the wood samples of the sites Baroh (2.876 kN/mm2) and Kangu (10.369 kN/mm2) respectively. The maximum bending modulus of rupture was observed in the wood samples from the sites of Sundernagar (0.116 kN/mm2) and for teak was found to be 0.323 kN/mm2. The maximum elongation for shisham wood samples for bending was found in Nalagarh site (0.039 mm) and for tension in the site of Sarahan (0.033 mm). The mechanical properties of shisham wood were compared with standard teak wood samples and it was found that the wood samples of shisham were superior in some mechanical properties.

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2020

The relationships between different wood properties were being carried out to check the dependence of one character over the other which defines the overall quality and performance of the wood which is being subjected to utilization. The correlation was found positive and highly significant for specific gravity with fibre diameter, bending strength with modulus of rupture, tensile strength with tension modulus of elasticity. The correlation was observed negative for tensile strength with fibre length, tension modulus of elasticity with vessel diameter and fibre length, bending modulus of elasticity with modulus of elasticity compression parallel to grain followed by modulus of rupture with vessel diameter. Coefficient of determination (R 2) was observed to be more than 0.70 for specific gravity (0.883) and tensile modulus of elasticity (0.894) when regressed with other wood parameters.

The paper reports a study of mechanical properties of Indian woods of different species belonging to different botanical families. Tensile strength and compression strengths were measured at normal dried condition. A significant variation in mechanical properties is observed with respect to each species as well as same species of same botanical family. Macro and micro structured variations in wood have been analyzed on the basis of variation in above parameters.

The Indian Forester, 2019

The study revealed significant variation in physical and mechanical properties of wood of shisham (Dalbegia sissoo) collected from different timber market sites. The maximum moisture content (20.170%) was observed in the wood samples of Nalagarh site. Highest specific gravity of (0.644) was observed in Dattowal and lowest (0.748) in Nalagarh site. Maximum vessel diameter (0.126 mm), fibre diameter (0.020 mm) and fibre length (1.66 mm) was found in the wood samples from Ghumarwin, Dattowal and Ghumarwin respectively.

Asian Journal of Applied Sciences

Over exploitation of economic tree species in the forest due to their high demand has made wood loggers shift their attention to Lesser Used Species such as Blighia sapida as alternative source of wood in Nigeria. The knowledge on the quality of the wood would to a long extent enhance the utilization of the wood. However, little information is provided on the mechanical properties of the wood species and the general belief among most wood users is that it is not a good timber species and that it cannot be utilized for any wood-based products that require strength. Therefore, investigating the mechanical properties of the timber species for better acceptability in the timber market becomes necessary. Three standing trees of Blighia sapida were purposively felled in the University of Ibadan community, Ibadan, Nigeria. 500 mm billets were gotten from wood dics at the top, middle, and base of the tree and each partitioned into three, the outerrwood, middlewood and the innerwood, in line...

2012

An investigation was carried out to study physical properties, strength and durability of some timber species commercially used in Bangladesh. Seven timber species namely Teak (Tectona grandis), Sal (Shorea robusta), Sil Korai (Albizia procera), Rain Tree (Samanea saman), Jam (Syzygium spp.), Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophylus), and Mango (Mangifera indica) were tested for density, specific gravity, compressive, tensile and bending strength following ASTM standards. Four different kinds of chemical environments consisting of normal water, sodium chloride (5%), sodium sulphate (10%) and hydrochloric acid (5%) were made and tested for durability in terms of strength loss over a period of 90 days. The test results revealed that Sal, Teak and Jam were the best species of using as compression member while Sal and Teak showed the best performance in tension. In static bending Sal, Sil Korai, Teak and Jam have been found suitable. With respect to durability acidic environment has been show...

This study was conducted to determine the effect of wood species on physical and mechanical properties of some selected wood in the Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem, Ondo State, Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in Complete Block Design (CBD). . The wood species includes Meliceae excelsa, Khaya ivorensis, Triplochiton scleroxylon, Afzelia africana and Celtis mildbraedii. The wood were machined and trimmed to standard size of 20mm X 20mm X 60mm for the determination of physical properties and 10mm X 10mm X 300mm for mechanical properties. All the samples were replicated five times. The green weight was determined with a digital weighing balance; the longitudinal, radial and tangential axes were measured with a veneer caliper. All samples were oven dried at initial temperature of 70⁰C for 6 hours and thereafter increased to 100⁰ ± C to complete 24 hours. This procedure was repeated until a substantial constant weight was obtained and the physical properties calculated. The test for mechanical properties (modulus of rupture and elasticity-MOR and MOE) were performed on an Improvised Universal Testing Machine. The samples were subjected to three point bending test with varying load. At the point of failure, the force exerted that causes the failure was recorded and the MOR and MOE calculated. The results of this study shows a significant (P=.05) variation in wood density (Afzelia africana>Celtis mildbraedii>Meliceae excelsa>Khaya ivorensis>Triplochiton scleroxylon) The MOR (N/mm 2 ) and MOE (N/mm 2 ) of these wood species indicates that Celtis mildbraedii and Afzelia africana has the highest values (149.94/7088 and 136.71/6313), Khaya ivorensis, Meliceae excelsa and Triplochiton scleroxylon has relatively lower values. The test of selected wood species shows that strength of a timber depends on its species and hence different wood species have different strength characteristics. The results obtained in this study has provided quantitative information on the mechanical properties of selected wood species which can be used in determining the application of these wood for either heavy and for building, construction or for other purposes such as the manufacture of furniture.

E3S web of conferences, 2024

This study series shows research fields and results in wood science of the University of Sopron, Hungary. In this paper, we review several studies regarding the physical-mechanical properties of wood, including some properties of Turkey oak grown in different stands, showing that it should be planted among other species in same stand to achieve optimal wood quality. Research in the field of the firewood plantations has shown that it is necessary to choose the right species of poplars, in a given area. Paulownia and some invasive species grow rapidly, so they have great potential as raw materials and there are significant differences between paulownia varieties. Based on their densities, box elder, tree of heaven and green ash can be substituted for the noble species. Basswood can be well impregnated with paraffin, making it a good choice for pencils. Low-quality noble oak logs have the potential to be used in structural elements as lamellae, improving the yield and decreasing the loss in the wood industry. Black locust, sessile oak, beech, poplar, larch and spruce were subjected to different mechanical test methods at different moisture contents. Their properties decreased with increasing moisture content between 12% moisture content and FSP for all six wood species, but the ratio of changes varied, depending both on the measurement method and on the species.

2019

The exploitation of timber in Ghana and many parts of tropical Africa is limited to very few of the over 800 known species whose mechanical properties for structural use are unknown. The global demand for these few species with excellent properties in terms of their strength and quality of finishes has led to their over-exploitation and destruction of other less accepted species during logging operations. The structural use of timber is very limited in tropical Africa in spite of its abundance in the forests and its sustainability by cultivation. Considerable discussion has been held about the fuller utilization of tropical forests with particular reference to lesser-known species (LKS), but the problem has remained intractable and very little has been done. One main problem in promoting the LKS is lack of information on their realistic mechanical properties based on structural size dimensions. This paper reports results of research on the mechanical properties of four lesser-known ...