A Plan for Igniting Nigeria's Industrial Revolution

The fundamental issue addressed in this paper is the extent to which Nigeria has restructured her industrial and trade systems for effective industrialisation within the on-going trade globalisation process.Basically, the study employs historical analysis of trade and industrial systems in Nigeria. Findings from the study reveal that the Nigerian economy has not changed its export and import structure over the 1970 -2002 period. The only changes that have taken place to its export was just a mere shift in exported product indicating a sign of export substitution from primary agro industry-based exports to primary mining industry-based exports(i.e crude oil).The results also suggest that the structure of imports has not changed significantly over the period 1970 -2002 despite series of strategies and policies put in place by the government. While the reforms favoured domestic resource-based industries, it produced an inverse impact on import intensive, low value-added units. In fact, over 70 per cent of the total imports were still manufactured goods, most of which consisted of industrial raw materials, spare parts, machinery and equipments and capital goods. Generally, enough incentives for efficient resource allocation in order to promote manufactured exports within the on-going process of globalisation coupled with economic liberalisation and deregulation paradigms have not been created. It was proposed that a mixture of the invisible hand of the market with the visible hand of the state should guide the process of industrialisation, economic diversification, trade and development similar to the case of the East Asian Tigers.

2016

Changes in our modern world have continued to be revolutionary across various aspects of human endeavours, with huge economic benefits. Developed countries champion the course of these transformational changes, while newly industrialized countries strive to make meaningful contribution to the trends as underdeveloped countries battle with issues of development especially industrial. This paper explored industrial revolution on the global scale and considered the policies, structures and industrial design outcomes that have stalled the roadmap to industrialization in Nigeria despite the many development plans, beginning with the First Development Plan of 1962 to Nigeria Industrial Revolution Plan, 2014, and establishes that industrial design is a strategic tool for economic growth that has taken root in developed countries as both a professional area of practice and study and should be incorporated into Nigeria's economic development plans.

Sustainable Development and Planning V, 2011

Perhaps one major problem facing Nigeria today that has received little or no attention remains her low industrial base. Indeed, apart from South Africa and Egypt, both of which are outside tropical Africa, the contribution of manufacturing to the economy of Nigeria, places Nigeria far behind the Newly Industrializing Countries (NICs) of the South East Asia. Manufacturing in Nigeria has largely been dominated by a valorization of raw materials and import-substitution type that are capital intensive rather than labour intensive. In addition, the absence of heavy industries and car manufacturing has militated against effective transfer of technology hence the heavy investment in manufacturing. There is the general low level of inter-industry linkages-failure on the part of industries to utilize the products/by-products of other industries especially in the production process. Studies on manufacturing in Nigeria have focused on small-scale industries and some behavioral aspects of manufacturing at the regional level. In some cases, explanations have been offered in terms of factor endowments. The last three or four decades have largely witnessed a reorientation in industrial geography and especially in a globalizing economy whereby a lot of emphasis is placed on inter-industry linkages, and especially networks of production subcontracting in the development of industrial activities and the economy as a whole. This paper thus seeks to examine the extent to which Nigeria's manufacturing has been affected by inter-industry linkages, and especially production subcontracting, and the challenges for Nigeria's manufacturing/industrial development in the new millennium.

The paper examines the impact of globalization on industrialization in developing countries with particular reference to Nigeria. We considered the effect of economic liberalization on indigenous and modern industries in Nigeria; and x-rayed the impact of globalization on government industrial policies. The study acknowledged that, factors such as physical infrastructure, corruption, finance, policies inconsistency among others militate against industrial development in Nigeria but argued that globalization do even more. We posit that globalization made Nigeria a huge market for finished goods from developed economies and conditioned the country's economy in to consuming one. We recommended among others the adoption of a radical industrial policy that would revolutionize indigenous and modern industries in Nigeria and nurture them to a level where they can favorably compete with transnational corporations operating within the country and elsewhere in Africa. We argue that except this radical step is taken, Nigeria would continually be neo-colonized and conditioned by advanced economies/ nations.

This paper spotlights Nigeria's technological antecedence and the factors affecting Nigeria's technological growth with a view to proffering solution for a robust technological and industrialized structural framework as a way forward to achieving sustainable technological growth. Majorly, due to relegation of useful indigenous technology as a result of distractions, inability to comprehend what actually is the meaning of technology, inability to identify her appropriate technology and the guiding principle for technology transfer, among others have made it vivid that after over fifty years of independence, Nigeria has been depending, in several areas, on foreign nations for her various technological and industrial needs. This research paper relied majorly on information sources, such as government documents, academic journals and articles, conference papers and personal observations and interactions with people carrying this same burden for Nigeria. From the study, colonialism truncated and hindered improvement in the indigenous skills and techniques of the pre-colonial economy. However, the development of indigenous skills and techniques of pre-colonial Nigeria is a prerequisite to sound technological growth, rather than depending on foreign inputs, which must be properly monitored and developed to set the pace for Nigeria's industrialization.

This study is on the globalization effects on technological development in Nigeria between the period of 2000 and 2018. The main objective of the study is to assess the influence of globalization on technology development in Nigeria using globalization measurement indicators (FDI, Trade Openness and Exchange Rate) as the independent variable and technological achievement index as the measurement variable for technological development in Nigeria. The research study utilized secondary data sources from the databases of the Central Bank of Nigeria and that of the World Bank respectively. Quantitative method of research was applied using the Ex Post Facto approach. Simple Linear and Multiple regression techniques using SPSS were applied. The results showed that Exchange rate, FDI had positive effects on Technology development while Trade Openness had a negative effect. The findings suggests that there are no practical efforts aimed at taking advantage of technology transfers into the country probably due to the low technological absorptive capacity in Nigeria in addition to a non-effective national innovation system (functional research and development centres). The study recommended the need for Nigeria to take advantage of technology transfers into the country by enhancing their absorptive capacity, developing a national innovation system through adequately manned R&D facilities as this would assist the country catch up through adoption, adaptation and innovation of its own. The country should also imitate the strategies used by China and South Korea in building their innovative capacities.

Abuja Journal of Sociological Studies, 5:1, 119-151., 2018

ABSTRACT Nigeria is a richly endowed country with abundant human and natural resources. The country is blessed with a variety of mineral deposits including petroleum, natural gas, uranium, tin, columbite, coal, precious metals and gemstones. Over the last three decades, the country has earned over US$300 billion from oil sales (Imevbore, 2001). In spite of this wealth, the country’s economy has tended to fluctuate widely over the years. The average GDP growth was 1.2 percent between 1979 and 1989 and 2.7 percent between 1989 and 1999 (Imevbore, 2001). Inflation rate continued to increase with the purchasing power of the naira declining steadily over the years. It can also be seen that even though Nigeria is a major supplier of crude oil, about 2 million barrels per day, and an influential member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), it is still a big debtor nation. Despite substantial adjustments during the past decades, Nigeria’s industrial policy adopted since independence in 1960 was dominated by the goals and instruments of the 1970’s. The policy has been one emphasizing import substitution (IS) strategy, which was necessary and inevitable for Nigeria having regard to her colonial experience in the area of economics and trade. In the 80’s, it was felt that the strategy ought to have advanced to the stage of import displacement; that is producing locally made goods which are different from or at least only similar to former inputs, but which are based on locally available inputs and technology and on real needs (as distinct from imported consumption patterns) of the economy. Nigeria’s numerous surface-level challenges with industrialization are well documented. They include weak infrastructure, weak private sector, dumping of goods, effects of globalization, corruption, inadequate government support to industry, and so on. In particular, there is a widely held assumption that Nigeria’s challenges are consequences of its status as an oil-producing country and suffers from the ‘Dutch Disease’. Based on these assertions, this study tends to examine the Nigeria’s Industrial Policies, Sustainable development and the challenges of globalization. This study uses the Modernization theory as its theoretical framework, since the theory recognizes the process of Modernization within societies. Key words: Industrial Policies, Globalization, Sustainable Development, Economy, Modernization

International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Review, 2015

This study intends to unravel the copious challenges which hampered industrial growth in Africa and in deed Nigeria as a nation. Nigeria for instance, after independence in 1960, the main stay of her economy was Agriculture with little elements of textile and agro-allied industries until around late 1970's, these industries came to a state of comatose. One of the reasons for the distortion in the industrial development was the production of oil in commercial quantity. By implication, the discovery of oil made most African states like Nigeria to settle for an economy which relies mainly on primary mode of production instead of developing the hitherto existing local craftsmanship into modern industries. Also most consumers in Africa prefer foreign products to locally made goods due to inferiority complex. In the long-run most infant industries producing locally made products folded up due to inability to favorably compete with the western technologies. After a thorough review of relevant literature, the study adopted the dependency approach as theoretical framework that guides the paper. The main objective of the paper is to investigate in to the multiple problems that have accounted to the decline in the sector that led to industrial crisis. In an attempt to achieve the objective of this study, content analysis was used to articulate the views of notable scholars who have meaningful contributions on the subject matter. As to methodology, the paper made use of secondary data which include; pamphlets, magazines, books, journals, bulletins, newspapers, government publications and internet services. The study revealed that, the major challenge confronting industrial growth in most African countries and Nigeria in particular is lack of political will and focused leadership to break away from mono-cultural economy i.e. oil, with out diversification to allow industrial growth and development to flourish. Other setback include the followings; lack of access to micro credit facilities, epileptic power supply, weak market structure, general lack of trained manpower-technical know-how and security challenges. The attendant effects are that, there is no wealth creation, lack of job opportunities and high level of unemployment. Although in principles, Nigeria is regarded as the giant of Africa but in practice she is a consumer nation without potent industrial growth and development. One major recommendation in the study is that skill acquisition and rejuvenation of technical education by institutions of higher learning and technical colleges as well as diversification of the economy to entrenched in it industrial base and development is seriously advocated.

The industrial revolution started in England in the late 18 th century and was characterised by unprecedented changes in science and technology. This translated into socio-economic empowerment and improved standard of living of people within the affected society. These changes were made possible by discoveries and breakthroughs were later exported and diffused to other societies including Nigeria. The policies put in place to reap the benefits of industrialisation were subsequently put in place by the Nigerian government to encourage industrial development. A lot of manufacturing industries were set up and programmes to sustain them rigorously pursued. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) witnessed a significant increase due to mass production and export oriented agriculture production.

This paper reviews the challenges and opportunities of Nigeria’s industrial development since the past seventy years. It describes the history of industrialization while critiquing the process as well as impact of industrial policies formulation and implementation on Nigeria’s industrialization since 1943. It was observed that there were multiplicity of industrial policies, most of which were either discontinued at their prime stages by succeeding governments or were interrupted by exogenous factors whose effects were ab initio never factored into these policies. It was also revealed that some of these policy changes were mere semantic differences as the concepts and models for implementation remained the same. It was therefore concluded that the fact that the industrial sector contributes only 4 percent to national GDP is an indication of failure on the part of both planning and implementation agencies of government, and that policies that were poached from foreign countries or recommended by development agencies should only be adopted after taking into account the peculiar nature of the Nigerian State.