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2018
The research would consider the visual quality of urban streetscapes by studying the image of a street which is held by its users. It will concentrate especially on one particular visual quality: the apparent clarity or ‘legibility’ of the streetscape, with regard to the ease with which its parts can be recognized and can be organised into a coherent pattern. Although clarity and legibility is by no means the only important property of a beautiful streetscape, it is of special importance when considering the environments at the urban scale of size, time, and complexity. A good environment image gives the users a sense of emotional security. He can establish a harmonious relationship between himself and the city. This is the obverse of the fear that comes with disorientation and the chaos of the modern city life. This research is about the look of the streetscapes in a city, and whether this look is of any importance, and whether it can be changed. The urban streetscape, among its many roles, is also something to be seen, to be remembered, and to delight in. Giving visual form to the city’s streetscapes is a special kind of design problem.
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment
A b s t r a c t Perception, awareness and appreciation of the built environment are essential skills in urban representation and design. Among the different perceptual dimensions, the visual, or more precisely the visual-aesthetic dimension is the field that better expresses its potential in representation. The study, in an analytical-applicative perspective, addresses the reading of the relationship between forms and uses, symbols and meanings of an urban public space characterized by a recent transformation. The architectural stratifications and practices of use lead to the definition of space, in its tangible and intangible components. In this regard the analysis of the historical drifts, traced back through images and drawings, help us to make visible the mutations and the processes helpful to understand and describe its actual order. The aim of the research is to investigate the visual dimension of an urban space, both in its material and immaterial connotations, and its relationship with the stratified or new uses, explored by multiple and diversified tools of urban representation K e y w o r d s : Built environment; Sequential drawing; Social media; Urban representation; Visual-aesthetic dimension.
The main factors in creating such attractive environments as ideal landscape to produce a degree of echoing beauty are the factors of time and movement in environment, so with looking at practice environment of Urban planning in four dimensions and considering time as the fourth one, effectiveness of this issue in methods of environment understanding for pedestrians that walk and realize landscape , the importance of places during the time, endurance and adaptability become very clear in the process of Urban planning in practice. The present study considers the subject of artistic quality through compiling the criteria, time perception in city vision which is constituted based on vision and sympathy of the audience view in space based on person's movement and formation of consequent perspectives and their mental understanding art. The primary aim of the field is reaching to the concept of beauty in city perspective and giving the perspectives the feeling of the place and making ...
People perceive an image and identity of the place within the amalgamation of built structures and layout based on the nature and character of activities, available materials, shape and function in the city. City image is important since the ability of recognizing objects within the environment is critical to human abilities to act and function. Thus, the ability of a city is somehow depends on its ability to be easily found and identified. Sense is one of the dimensions of determining the performance of city introduced by Kevin Lynch. Sense is how the citizens recognize the physical city. This paper tackles the dimension in detail and attempts to find out the user’s perceptions and the degree of fit between the Sabzevar CBD streets and the way people recognizing it as well as the sensitivity in the cognitive urban image.
City boulevards are the most broadly dispersed and intensely trafficked urban open spaces. As urban communities endeavor to enhance decency in the assembled environment, it is essential for planners and designer to have a succinct comprehension of what adds to the quality of streetscapes. Streets are a vital part of any city's public open space system. They function as movement corridors for pedestrians, cyclists, transit and vehicles, as well as support many social and business activities. The presence and character of the streets play an enormous role in determining the overall quality and liveability of the city. The paper examines the existence of street elements-paving, street trees, medians, lighting and street furniture; when applied over time will enrich the visual image and urban design of the city. It further focusses on the basic elements and principles of streetscape which improves the urban design quality of the public right-of-way, accessibility and pedestrianizati...
Urban Design International, 2011
Visual qualities of well-liked settings are known to include richness and variety, tempered by perceptible underlying structure and clear associational meanings. For a variety of reasons – among them, technological, economic and professional principles – the design coherence of the built environment appears to have diminished in the wake of Modernism. However, opinions about the quality of the built environment are usually voiced by experts. Does it follow that their opinions are also those of lay people? Indeed, looking beyond academic critique of the appearance of the built environment, what are the views and aesthetic preferences of those who use the city? The article reports on the results of recent research that has evaluated perceptions of and preferences for a range of different urban street scenes. The opinions of the lay public as well as design and planning professionals have been collected for comparison. The research seeks to understand whether there are built-form characteristics, seen across a collection of buildings that make up a street edge, that are preferred over others. Based on data from 200 survey responses and a focus group discussion, the findings identify characteristics that are deemed to foster well-liked urban settings as well as those that should be avoided.
Journal of Sustainable Development, 2021
Without a structured physical layout and a system of street connections inside cities, successful urban development has never been possible. Streets have played an important role in cities from ancient times, connecting areas, people, and things, promoting business, social interaction, and transportation. Cities' cultural, social, economic, and political functions have been partially defined by streets, plazas, and well-designed public areas. They were-and still are-the first feature to distinguish a place's status, from a haphazard and unplanned settlement to a well-established town or metropolis. In many parts of the world, people are reclaiming their streets as public places. Streets are being redesigned to allow communities to use them to their full potential and as a form of social engagement. However, despite its great importance, not many studies attempted to explore the characteristics and roles of streets and public places, especially within the Macedonian context. The purpose of this study is to explore the sense of comfort and safety of people while being in urban streets and public places. Moreover, in view of the main research objective, besides the characteristics of the urban streets, the demographic variables, such as gender and age were examined as to their relevance for their perceptions. The research results have indicated that the characteristics of the urban streets have impact on participant's perception and feelings, while in terms of demographic variables, only age has a significant role in the perception of the public space of Skopje from every aspect, but not in the sense of comfort and safety while walking in urban streets and public spaces.
This essay is an introduction to an issue of Seminar India which I coedited with Ritajyoti Bandyopadhyay, about the future of the street as a social, political and architectural space in Indian cities. See: http://www.india-seminar.com/2012/636.htm
2014
Addressing the problem of aesthetics in urban space nowadays implies dealing with new models of cities, in which sustainable development, regeneration, re-qualification and urban reuse become indispensable. The reuse of the city, in regions affected by a dramatic declining of population, might prove an opportunity for inventing new ways aimed at creating new urban public spaces and new shared meanings. In the prospect of a social construction of space, the urban models become achievable by resorting to an economic and social, as well as urban, landscape. The image of the urban space is at the same time the image of power, but also that of a public space in which new practices of art and architecture can generate renewed places. Due to the spread of new artistic practices, cities may achieve enhancements by the recovering of community spaces by promoting dialog, social cohesion and resilience. The understanding between artists and citizens can breed good practices and new models of c...
Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 2015
A city’s public space has undergone significant changes during the twentieth century. Those changes have affected both form and social function. Public space has suffered crises and revivals, but despite all its changes, it currently still plays a significant role for citizens. Mediterranean culture remains a valid tradition of public consciousness, which is evident in the urban space itself. The balance between aesthetic dimension ?material form? and social dimension ?use and meaning? is desirable in order to create an awareness of urban heritage and citizenship feeling. This article analyzes the main recent crises both aesthetic and social in public space in the western city. From this dual analysis, it discusses the main findings about perception of urban public space in current Mediterranean culture. In conclusion, the aesthetic and social dimensions of public space are not independent but interdependent by the confluence of several factors.
Journal of Urban Design, 2001
Urban designers, perceiving the city mainly as a morphological phenomenon, are primarily concerned with the sensory, and particularly with the visual, qualities of urban space. This view of the city as a spatial physical structure requires abstraction, to enable comprehension of the complexity and continuity of the urban space, its transparency and its indeterminacy. However, this abstraction often fails to take into account the properties of the city as a place of habitation, ignoring the sociocultural speci® cities of its different users. The paper attempts to take urban design beyond this abstraction, which is so indifferent to the human element, towards a more concrete and speci® c approach. It calls for a shift in the rather theoretical postmodern interest in the urban space, important though it is in its morphological inclusiveness, to embody a pluralistic subjective perception of the space and its use, bearing in mind fundamental relationships between space and social processes. most important concept is`type', which attempts to interpret and thus to restructure urban elements which recall and transcend culture and history . investigation of urban space types is just such an attempt to understand the spatial elements composing the city. It is based on a formal± morphological approach, and, although drawing upon real places, it fails to account for their properties as ª fundamental types of habitatº (Delevoy, 1978, p. 20), thus ignoring their utilitarian aspects, as well as their sociocultural contexts. Associated with the neo-rationalists, who sought to achieve urbanism by reconceiving the architectural object , this kind of investigation tries to build an autonomous architectural discourse of the urban space, separated from social, political or economic discussion. Denying the modernist association between form and function , this investigation of the city is based solely on its architecture . It is thus concerned with the physical aspects of the urban environment, focusing on its abstract morphological qualities. These qualities are perceived as being detached from urban use and appropriation as they would be discussed, for example, by Jacobs , , who regard the city primarily as a place of human habitation. 1 As pointed out by , this kind of architectural discourse seldom considers the way the space is actually used, by ignoring its everyday reality. It has often preferred ª the seduction and power of the work of Foucault and Derridaº , 2 leaving unexplored the links between space and power, as suggested for example by the notion of the`everyday life' developed by Lefebvre (1971) and . 3 Needless to say, concentrating on the abstract concept of the spatial experience rather than on concrete day-to-day life has ignored the users and their functional, social and emotional needs. Thus, although the city is examined and designed on the implicit premise of human experience, this experience is never discussed or considered speci® cally enough to make a difference. We seldom know who the people populating the space are, why they are there and what they are doing. We never see their faces or hear their voices. As a result of working under the assumption that the user of the urban space is ungendered, ageless and declassi® ed, the urban space produced is often undifferentiated and neutral.
1986
There has already been much written about the streets in many different ways, such as in planning, sociology, traffic engineering and in architecture, which refers at some point to an aspect of the street. The range of material is therefore very wide, but much of this deals with a particular field of comment, such as streetscape, social experience and social behaviour. I want to discuss the streets from an urban design point of view and then see how this might relate to social experience, for a better understanding of our urban environment. Broadly speaking the thesis is divided into 5 chapters. The first chapter deals with the concept of the street; I will be defining the street, explaining its complexity, referring to the "bits" which have to function such as doors providing entry and windows, daylight, but which also combined with other "bits" such as decorations to form the facade and therefore the character of the streetscape. Modern technology has surely ad...
The history of Western philosophy is marked by the controversial relationship between conceptual though and sensory perception – between how things supposedly are, and how things appear to be. Philosophical aesthetics, in turn, has been in the epicenter of this crisis, striving to find the fundamental principles underlying the connection between the quality and truthfulness of experience. On the basis of such foundationalist accounts, also normative assertions regarding particular experience follow: one has to pay attention to the right aspects of reality and take the right background information into account, if one is to achieve appropriate and justified “aesthetic experience”. Concerning various environments, and especially the urban realm, such line of thought has led to a hegemony of expertise-based evaluation of aesthetic quality. Thinking of the politics of urbanism, this has meant an implicit yet compelling demand for a consensus about the environmental aesthetic issues – a consensus that is “informed” by the expertise, and thus reflects the worldview of the aesthetic elite. From a contemporary perspective such conception is, in short, absurd. Cities are cultural melting pots, and every urbanite has a right to aesthetically satisfactory habitat. Thus urban aesthetics should be primarily aesthetics of diversity – not aesthetics of consensual uniformity.
University of …, 2005
This paper outlines an interdisciplinary approach, utilising architectural knowledge and computer imaging, to develop an analytical tool that describes the physical characteristics of a streetscape. Techniques for connecting the urban texture at the scale ...
Manzar, 2018
In the field of pedestrian-orientation, the notion of shared space has been proposed as a human-centered approach to the designing of contemporary urban streets with the aim of integration of vehicles and people. The woonerf phenomenon, which can literally be translated as ‘living yard’, is equivalent to traffic-calming or home zones aimed at realizing shared space on the scale of residential neighborhoods. Aiming to create safe and vital neighborhoods and set a speed limit for passing vehicles in the region, woonerf increases the symbiotic potential of personal vehicles and pedestrians; it gives pedestrians the right of way, allows for their free movement, especially in the case of the elderly and those with physical disabilities, and provides a safe playing area for children in the neighborhood. As part of the urban landscape on the neighborhood scale, woonerf consists of physical-functional, aesthetic and semantic-spatial aspects of landscape. It is achieved through the combination of natural and human-made environments based on human activities and it can provide delightful emotional, perceptual and cognitive experiences for local residents by adjusting the ergonomic, personal, social and cultural needs of people in a special neighborhood by recourse to “form, function and meaning” simultaneously. The sum total of perceptual, formal and symbolic levels in an aesthetic experience centered on humans and pedestrians leads to aesthetic pleasure. Finally, the woonerf urban landscape as an objective-subjective phenomenon will metaphorically remind inhabitants of the living street by enhancing vitality, increasing social interaction and inducing a sense of place in integrated spaces for pedestrians, bicycles and motor vehicles as pedestrian-oriented shared space for a democratic and livable neighborhood.
gazi university journal of science, 2018
Man-environment relations- more specifically the aesthetic response of people to certain qualities of their environment- is a significant research area for urban design, as such studies provide for a solid ground for urban design criteria. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perception criteria that have greater impact for satisfactory streets. For this, a web-based 'virtual tour' was used to elicit response to scenes of three urban streets in downtown Ankara, Turkey; each one exhibiting a range of different characteristics. The 70 subjects who participated in the study were selected from undergraduate student population. Our analysis resulted in categorizing variables of perception according to their relationship with aesthetic response to urban streets and to find out criteria that mostly effect sense of aesthetics toward urban streets. Findings of the study are significant as they can show urban planners and designers criteria for designing streets to reinforc...
2008
The visual character of buildings is often associated with the style of its construction a set of visual characteristics that a group of buildings might share. These characteristics include the relationship of the parts of the building to each other and to the building as a whole, the use of ornament and visible textures, and the scale of elements within the composition. Alexander (Alexander, 2002) and Rapoport (Rapoport, 1990) have discussed how these visual features affect urban coherence, and the way that people behave in public spaces. Using algorithms developed within robotic research that enable a computer to interpret a visual environment (similar to those used in medicine and facial recognition for instance), this paper outlines how algorithms can be used to study the visual properties of the built environment. The paper discusses how the urban texture of houses within the streetscape, at the scale of the individual, relates to the urban visual character of precincts within ...
ALAM CIPTA International Journal Of Sustainable Tropical Design & Practice
Evaluating the role of physical elements in creating visually pleasing streetscapes has not been deeply addressed in recent research flow, especially for the context of Kuala Lumpur City. The gap is also accentuated by Kuala Lumpur City Hall as disharmony and inconsistency in streetscapes and lacking visual coherence in most streets in Kuala Lumpur. Therefore, the current paper seeks to evaluate the role of physical and visual elements in creating visually pleasing streetscapes of Bukit Bintang and Tuanku Abdul Rahman using a self-administered questionnaire survey. The respondents of the study comprise 330 passers-by aging from 18 to 50 years old, who visit the streets, reside, or work there. The results demonstrate that transparency, the quality that makes the function of a building visually accessible, and seating places play the most and the least important role in creating streetscapes in the study areas respectively. Comparison of the results in two streets highlights that harm...
SCIRES-IT : SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology, 2020
The research investigates the contemporary urban space structuring through the Drawing and the Survey methods, as places for experimentation and control of the city transformation dynamics. Is assumed as an example the 19th century foundation orthogonal grid of the Bari city which reveals the dynamism of changes taking place on the historical settlement. Starting from the city representation, the visual qualities are analyzed of some main roads that originally constituted the perceptive support of the city spatial unity. The graphic reconstruction, obtained from the street fronts two-dimensional representation and from the public spaces three-dimensional survey, with the use of photomodeling tools and laser scanner technologies, has allowed a deep reading of the visual described aspects. The knowledge process, implemented in the representation space, drives the environment projects towards conscious choices that protect the fragile historic city.
2015
This thesis addresses the relationship between the elements of urban spatial configuration and human perception in contemporary urban spaces to understand how particular elements of urban spatial configuration can effect on people's aesthetic perception. By qualitative grounded study in this research it hypothesised that the procedure of aesthetic cognition has different meanings and characteristic based on the elements of urban space configuration in different urban contexts. In this regard, theories of aesthetic evaluation of urban environment and the methodology for assessing aesthetic quality of urban environment investigated to take out the indicators of urban aesthetic based on human perception process. Then the indicators organized based on the process of human cognition in psychology into four main stages which are a study on a) the elements of urban space configuration (micro or macro) b) different approaches in organization between the elements (static or dynamic) c) subjective characteristics of good organization (formal or symbolic) d) effects of this organization on human cognition which leads to hedonic value (human aesthetic response). The outcome of this study reveals that every single aesthetic responses to the urban spaces regarding to the environmental configuration which is the outcome of interrelationship between immediate states of involvement, contemplative feeling, and sensual desire. It also enhances the knowledge concerning the role of symbolic and formal meanings of urban space configurations on aesthetic understanding of the environment. The study also proposed a methodological proposal (which prepares opportunities to be applicable in different scales of urban design) to apply the suggested model in each and every context.
IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series, 2021
Representation of visual engagement in urban street through the streetscape is an important in urban design research as a city framework. Urban street are composed of various classifications and attract more attention from townspeople. Visual engagement is an important component for understanding a city. Human's perception of the nature environment and build environment gives a difference feeling to the visual. The city formed by many urban street that forms it. However, the establishment of this street still does not pay attention to the interests about visual on the street system as a city frameworks, but only pay attention to the function of the street. Urban street have regulations related to speed limits that are affect the visual of the driver. The importance of visual engagement driver's when through the street to understanding of the city. The methodology in this study uses a post-positivist paradigm with quantitative strategies. Data collection tactics using Likert scale questionnaires was given to drivers or people who through the street by car with intensity once a week and data analysis uses SPSS application with descriptive statistics to identify factors that the most affect. The results of this study are to identify the factors of the urban streetscape that the most affect to the drivers when through the street. The visual elements factor that include the mass of the building, building entrance, textures, colours, and materials was establish the enclosure space on the street corridor. from these results identified a new factors that affect to visual engagement drivers.
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