ASI Final Report 08202013.doc
Roger H H Werner2014
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Abstract
The report herein presents the results of a Section 106 compliance review for an existing cultural resources investigation by Archaeological Research and Archaeological Services, Inc. (ASI) efforts to upgrade a report completed for City of Lakeport’s California Environmental Quality Act environmental review program to a report suitable for compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. Qualifications of ASI personnel ate provided in Appendix H. ASI’s report is not meant as a critical review of the technical aspects of the existing report prepared by Archaeological Research, who generously shared all of its project files with ASI and fully cooperated with this investigation. However, it has been both necessary and appropriate to identify areas where CEQA compliance significantly varies from compliance with federal laws and regulation. It must be emphasized that Archaeological Research complied fully with the City of Lakeport’s CEQA compliance process, provided documentation appropriate for the City to comply with relevant state laws and regulations, and completed the work in a timely fashion in a way that did not delay the project. Given the local predilections and vagaries of local CEQA enforcement, we are uncertain if it would have been feasible for Archaeological Research to propose a more extensive program then was undertaken. Nevertheless, this report identified deficiencies with respect to federal compliance. Between May 2012 and April 2013 ASI: • Judged the National Register eligibility of the historical structure that once stood on the APE • Reviewed the City-implemented CEQA cultural resource program to identify where it falls short of full Section 106 compliance. Concomitantly, we identified where the Archaeological Research report (Parker 2011a) does not comply with federal reporting standards • Judged the National Register eligibility of the identified archaeological site (both historical and prehistoric components) • Consulted with pertinent Native American communities and the local historical society • Generated stratigraphic profiles for the project area based on geotechnical studies prepared by project engineers Rau and Associates, Ukiah, California • Prepared California Department of Parks and Recreation primary, structure, archaeological site, and other forms as appropriate, and filed these with the Northwest Information Center of the California Historical Resources Information System • Prepared a final report that complies with the California Office of Historic Preservation’s (OHP) recommended content for Archaeological Resource Management Reports (OHP 1990) and a historic structure report that complies with OHP (2003) content guidelines • Evaluated the National Register eligibility of a demolished structure and an archaeological site with prehistoric and historic components • Assessed the effects of the as built project on the identified cultural resources
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A Programmatic Approach to Determine Eligibility of Prehistoric Sites in the San Diego Subregion, Southern Coast Archeological Region, California, for the National Register of Historic Places
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The Archaeology of the McCain Valley Study Area in Eastern San Diego County, California: a Scientific Class II Cultural Resource Inventory
1981
This report, authored by a number of scholars under the direction of John R. Cook, of Archaeological Systems Management represents a departure from the normal Class II study. While written for Cultural Resource Management utilization, it is nevertheless a thorough professional report, one which relies heavily on statistics to provide management with a working tool to assess areas which will potentially be impacted by various projects. Cook and his associates designed a stratified random sample, then conducted the field work in three separate phases. Two of the phases were random while the third was purposive. Nearly three hundred sites were recorded; most of these were associated with water resources (extant, extinct, and seasonal). The ones which were not associated with water were the hundreds of individual and associated agave roasting pits which are a dominant archaeological site type in the area. Areas of extreme site sensitivity are Table Mountain, the Crawford Ranch area, and Vallecitos. No areas of study were found to be devoid of cultural resources. When prehistoric resources were not prevalent, then historic mining and ranching sites were abundant. As a result of this field inventory, Cook was able to propose that most sites will be located in proximity to water sources, most of the sites will be those representative of the later prehistoric era, and that the McCain Valley study area contains significant manifestations of archaeological complexes not known elsewhere in San Diego County. The end result of this study was that Cook proposed several research designs and research questions which future researchers should employ when working the area. These parameters deal with temporal relationships in the area, exploitation patterns, settlement strategy, external relationships, and obsidian utilization, among others. After reading through two drafts of this report and sending the report to twenty-five professional archaeologists for their comment, I agree with one of the commentors who stated "It is oneof the best survey reports in the California literature; the explicitness of their approach, finds, and interpretations is commendable." In reading the report, I feel that you will find that Cook, et. al., are to be congratulated on one of the finest Class II analyses to exist anywhere in the literature of California.
A Programmatic Approach to Determine Eligibility of Prehistoric Sites in the San Diego Subregion, Southern Coast Archeological Region, California, for the National …
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This report presents the thematic landscape approach that will be taken to prepare the regional prehistoric context for the San Diego Subregion of the Southern Coast Archeological Region (SDSSCAR). The goal of this project was to research and develop a regional, archeologically based, historic context that will facilitate a programmatic approach to determining National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility for archeological sites at a subset of Navy Region Southwest and Marine Corps installations. The cultural resource research questions to be addressed by this project are those common to pre/protohistoric archeological sites of the SDSSCAR. This work identified gaps in the current body of knowledge, and serves as a foundation for addressing these deficiencies and as a resource to aid in determining NRHP significance, assessing effects, and creating innovative management/treatment plans at the regional level. The study identified and evaluated a variety of classes of archeological sites and other types of cultural resources that characterize distinct landscapes in the SDSSCAR. The outlined approach will significantly decrease the number of individual, case-bycase undertakings, facilitate a more effective management process, and contribute to a better collective understanding of the precontact (prior to A.D. 1769) Native American regional perspective.
Site Preservation, Community Activism, and A Future for California Archaeology
Society for California Archaeology Proceedings , 2006
INTERPRETING THE EXCAVATION OF CA-LAK-424: A COLLECTION BASED ANALYSIS OF A PREHISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE IN THE CLEAR LAKE BASIN, CALIFORNIA
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Robinson, DW, Jennifer Perry, Gale Grasse-Sprague. 2011. Preface: Landscape Archaeology in Southern and South-Central California. California Archaeology 3:1:5-10.
In many ways, the archaeology of California is characterized in the literature by coastal landscapes. In particular, southern and south-central California have been dominated by coastal or littoral investigations with recent publications often emphasizing the archaeology of the southern California Bight-by definition a coastal orientation. Major publications have focused most intensively on the maritime cultures of this Pacific-facing region, specifically the Chumash and their island and mainland settings within the Santa Barbara Channel (e.g., Altschul and Grenda . Although much of this research acknowledges the importance of the environment-in its distinctive maritime resources and in the landforms, climate, and physiographic features of the Channel itself-there has not been an attempt to undertake an approach that explicitly incorporates landscape archaeology. Instead, previous studies have characterized the Chumash as "prototypical complex hunter-gatherers" whose past is told as a story of cultural adaptation, shifting maritime ecologies, behavioral and organizational responses to climatic fluctuations, and the emergence of "complex chiefdoms," before the subsequent tumultuous changes brought about by Spanish missionization, followed by Mexican and American displacement and marginalization.
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I did not want to submit this book to a publisher until R.M.A., his student, and the Great Synthesizer had read it over and given me their constructive criticism. I got a copy of the manuscript to them in time for the anthropology meetings in Mexico City. We met in the G.S.'s room in the Maria Isabel. I had not been so nervous since my thesis defense. The Great Synthesizer put me right at ease. "It's splendid," he said. "I've weighed the manuscript, and it must be a full 7 lb. There are only two or three spelling errors, and they're minor. You know, under different circumstances, it would have made an acceptable library dissertation." The Skeptical Graduate Student shuffled his feet [Flannery 1976; 369].
The Status of California Archaeology in 1984
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I did not want to submit this book to a publisher until R.M.A., his student, and the Great Synthesizer had read it over and given me their constructive criticism. I got a copy of the manuscript to them in time for the anthropology meetings in Mexico City. We met in the G.S.'s room in the Maria Isabel. I had not been so nervous since my thesis defense. The Great Synthesizer put me right at ease. "It's splendid," he said. "I've weighed the manuscript, and it must be a full 7 lb. There are only two or three spelling errors, and they're minor. You know, under different circumstances, it would have made an acceptable library dissertation." The Skeptical Graduate Student shuffled his feet [Flannery 1976; 369].
Archaeological Investigations at CA-SON-1019 , Santa Rosa, California Final Report-rev 3.doc
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The Status of California Archaeology in 1984 [Chartkoff and Chartkoff: The Archaeology of California; and Moratto: California Archaeology]
The Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology, 1984
I did not want to submit this book to a publisher until R.M.A., his student, and the Great Synthesizer had read it over and given me their constructive criticism. I got a copy of the manuscript to them in time for the anthropology meetings in Mexico City. We met in the G.S.'s room in the Maria Isabel. I had not been so nervous since my thesis defense. The Great Synthesizer put me right at ease. "It's splendid," he said. "I've weighed the manuscript, and it must be a full 7 lb. There are only two or three spelling errors, and they're minor. You know, under different circumstances, it would have made an acceptable library dissertation." The Skeptical Graduate Student shuffled his feet [Flannery 1976; 369].
A Case Study of Construction Impacts on Archaeological Sites in Michigan's Inland Waterway
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California Archaeology A History of the Society for California Archaeology from 2007 to 2016
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Archaeological Investigations at Chepo Saddle, Road 222 Reconstruction Project, Madera County, California
2001
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), in cooperation with the Sierra National Forest, California Department of Transportation, and Madera County, rebuilt portions of Road 222 (Forest Highway 74) in eastern Madera County, California. During construction through Chepo Saddle, Native American monitors discovered archaeological remains associated CA-MAD-410/411, a large and complex prehistoric settlement. Because of design constraints, construction materials requirements, and the location of the discovered remains, the discovery area could not be avoided during construction. Because of the potential significance of these remains, and in accordance with FHWA policy, construction was halted in the vicinity of the discovery. 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Overall artifact densities and tool frequencies decrease in the lower midden levels, suggesting that population was lower or that settlements were more mobile at that time. Data from CA-MAD-410/411 has provided important information on the cultural history of Crane Valley, the nature of local cultural adaptations, and changing land use, settlement, and subsistence during the late Holocene. Moreover, data from the site has improved our understanding of several significant evolutionary changes evident in the cultural history of the region.
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