POLITICAL CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF FRENCH REVOLUTION.pdf

iksad publishing house, 2022

According to Historians Robert Darnton and Francois Furet, revolutionary ideas were spread into French political culture through pornography and porous state borders, while Jergen Habermas mentioned about French public sphere that helped to allow social change discussions among the periodical press, learned societies etc. that was created due to cultural changes of commercialism and consumerism in France. Class struggle was made due to a toothless monarchy that could not advocate and represent millions of people, which finally created a power vacuum. Social mobility was another reason for class struggle, through which Bourgeoisie was beginning to feel self-confident in their merits and self-privileges while the poor class was showing protested the feudal landlords (anti-seigneurial) by their bad attitude. The French monarchy was in a deep financial crisis due to the worldwide conflict with England due to the seven-year war (1756-1763). France lost its colonial power throughout the world and surrendered against the British allied group. Public debt was in full swing, making the monarchy disrespectful, suspicious, unskilled, and less confidential. The crisis in France finally created Enlightenment as one of its narratives for the French Revolution. It raised the right of people sovereignty mentioned in Rousseau's Social Contract long ago. The paper's objective is to discover the socio-economic-political consequences, of course, while the outcome is to achieve in-depth knowledge about French Revolution. Books and academic journals are information sources for a paper's methodological process. The feature question is, what are the discredits of French monarchies that brought the Revolution in 1789?

Izzivi Prihodnosti, 2020

Purpose and originality: The purpose of this study is to highlight the potential risks for democracy in Europe by focusing on the views of two prominent political theorists and politicians relating to one of the most dramatic turning points in modern European history. Method: In the study historical, comparative and nalytical research method is used. I also tried to combine chronological and thematic approaches. Results: From the experience of the French Revolution, two basic types of modern political outlook have been developed: progressive and conservative. Edmund Burke and Alexis de Tocqueville are also included in these basic types. Despite several distinct views and different attitudes to the French Revolution, Burke and Tocqueville agreed in their analyses of some of the causes of this Revolution. Some of their views are unacceptable from the perspective of today's democratic society. But Burke still appeals to us especially by emphasizing the responsibility of our generat...

2019

Modern state system mostly began with the French Revolution. Up to the mid eighteenth century, most of countries in the world were governed by monarchs. But French revolution opens a way for new and modern state system, which makes it more important than any other revolutions in world politics. This revolution is not only important for political development; it is connected with the philosophical development of that era also. Those days French people were inspired by Voltaire and Rousseau, specially with Rousseau’s “Social Contract”. It discussed about society’s laws belonging to the citizenry, which inspire the French people in bringing change. Through French Revolution people can see revolution beyond a political perspective and more into philosophical.

The French Revolution represented one of the most intense and extended political, social and economic crises Europe has ever known. The ripple effect of the events in Paris sent waves across the European continent. From northern Scandinavia to the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and from the environs of Muscovy to the Atlantic coast of Portugal, these waves brought the ideals of the Rights of Man, Liberty and Equality. In the last two decades of the eighteenth century it was apparent to many that Europe was ready to embark on some form of fundamental change; however, it was not evident that the Continent was on the brink of a revolution which would trigger a recurring wave of revolutions until 1871. Once the ‘first daughter of the Church,’ France was now to be the mother of Europe’s first modern revolution.