FEB variations in planting dates of sweetcorn
Zafar H Khan
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Abstract
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This study investigates the impact of different planting dates on the agronomic characteristics of sweet corn landraces in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Four local landraces were analyzed alongside a check cultivar under a randomized complete block design. Results demonstrate that both planting dates and landrace type significantly influence yield attributes, with late July planting yielding the best results in terms of grain weight and ear length. The findings highlight the importance of optimizing planting schedules to enhance sweet corn production in local markets.
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se and sh2 Sweet Corn Germplasm Evaluation Results 2000; Information on the Effects of Genotype and Growing Location on se- and sh2-type Sweet Corn Crop Yield, Ear, and Kernel Traits in Ohio in 2000
2000
What Did We Do? We grew twenty-six varieties of yellow and two varieties of white se and sh 2 sweet com at OARDC Research Branches in Celeryville (Huron County, muck soil), Fremont (Sandusky County, loam soil), and Wooster (Wayne County, silt loam soil). All locations were planted within four days of each other (May 11-15,2000). Replicated field plots were used (this was not an un-replicated strip trial). Plots, plants, ears, and kernels were examined regularly throughout the season and post-harvest evaluations of quality are underway in the lab. Why Did We Study only Yellow Corn? Ohio farmers grow many different types and colors of sweet com. Yellow, white, and bicolor and se-, sh 2-, and other endosperm types are grown in Ohio. Resources available to complete this project allow us to compare varieties which differ in endosperm type or kernel color but not both traits. At this time, we believe evaluating se-and sh 2-type varieties is most important to the industry. Why Did We Do this Project? Stand establishment (germination, emergence), and crop vigor, pest, disease, and stress resistance/tolerance, yield, and quality-these and other variety traits influence a grower's return from sweet com production. To be successful, Ohio sweet com growers must have available varieties adapted to the state's varied production conditions and markets. Because sweet corn varieties often differ in traits which affect grower return, scientifically measuring and documenting the performance of varieties under varied, local conditions is important. Equipped with reliable information from unbiased testing programs, growers can be confident that the varieties they choose will be adapted to their needs. This project was undertaken to assist Ohio sweet com growers in identifying varieties with desirable traits.
se and sh2 Sweet Corn Germplasm Evaluation Results 2001; Information on the Effects of Genotype and Growing Location on se- and sh2-type Sweet Corn Crop Yield and Ear and Kernel Traits in Ohio in 2001
2000
insect damage and stress effects on quality criteria (e.g., tip fill, pollination) were the primary reasons for low marketable yield of some varieties. On average, Bojangles, Bon Appetit, Sweet Rhythm, and Seneca Spring produced the greatest number of marketable ears (17 per 20 plants) among se varieties while BSS 1690 and PS 9364169 produced the greatest number of marketable ears (18 per 20 plants) among sh 2 varieties. On average, the se and sh 2 groups had similar yield values-approximately 15 ears from every 20 plants and 82% marketable by weight. See Tables 5, 6 and 7. 3. Overall Field Performance. Percent emergence and marketable yield can be measured objectively and are important in sweet corn variety selection. Based on these factors, the following varieties were the highest ranked at the locations shown and overall: se group Celeryville Fremont Wooster Overall top ranked varieties based on emergence and yield Bon Appetit Temptation PS 6803 Seneca Spring BC 4806 Sweet Rhythm Bon Appetit (1) Luscious (1) Seneca Spring (2) Sweet Rhythm (3) sh 2 group top ranked varieties based on emergence and yield BSS 1690 PS 9364169 PS 9364169 PS 9364169 (1) Candy Corner (2) BSS 1690 (3) Project Details This study resulted from the cooperation of private breeders, the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, OSU Extension, the Dept. of Horticulture and Crop Science, and Ohio sweet corn and vegetable industries. Results from this study may be used by growers and others to select varieties adapted to Ohio growing conditions. Breeders may look to the data to estimate the narrow or broad adaptation of individual varieties or draw other inferences. Materials and Methods See Table 1 for a list of the varieties and experimental lines included in this study. Plot Establishment. A total of thirty-two se-and sh 2-type sweet corn varieties or experimental lines were planted at three locations in northern Ohio in 2001. Plots (four 25-ft rows on 30-in centers) were seeded with a modified John Deere planter at the Vegetable Crops Research Branch in Fremont (Sandusky County, loam soil) and Muck Crops Research Branch in Celeryville (Huron County, organic/"muck" soil) on May 9 and at the OARDC in Wooster (Wayne County, silt loam soil) on May 11. Approximately 2.4 seed were delivered per foot in each row. Ends of plots were separated by two feet at planting. Endosperm type (se, sh 2) experiments were separated by a minimum of 250 ft at each location. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replication within each endosperm type study. Plots were shortened by hand after seedling establishment to 20 ft. Plots were also thinned by hand to contain 1.15 ± 0.17 plants/foot of row at the same time. Plot Maintenance. With one exception, standard soil, nutrient, and pest management practices were employed at all sites. Excessive rainfall and sub-optimal temperatures predominated for one month after planting (Figure 1) and slowed stand establishment at all locations. Conditions also made weed control a challenge, especially in the sh 2 study in Wooster. Stinger herbicide, unlabeled for sweet corn, was applied post-emergence at a rate of 8oz/A to the sh 2 study in Wooster, inhibiting plant growth (Table 12). Below average rainfall and above average temperatures predominated for the final two months of the season (Figure 2). Plots in Wooster were irrigated before and during anthesis on July 17 and 18 and August 8 and 9. Plots in Fremont were irrigated on June 29 and July 13. Approximately 1 inch of water was applied in each irrigation. Plots in Celeryville were not irrigated. Measurement of Plant and Ear Traits. Plant and crop development were assessed regularly beginning at emergence. Readiness for harvest was assessed by counting days from 50% anthesis (target = 18 for se-type varieties and 20 for sh 2-type varieties) and visual examination of ears in each plot. Midpoint anthesis dates were calculated using the Myers Method. Immediately before harvest, height to the top of the tassel and collar of the primary ear were measured on three plants in the center two rows per plot. All ears were then Celeryville Fremont Wooster Entry Avg.
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