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This survey delves into the various path loss models utilized in wireless communication, tracing their historical evolution and applications in modern telecommunications. It emphasizes the importance of understanding these models for optimizing communication systems, especially in urban environments. Key models discussed include the median path loss formula for urban areas and applications of free space and indoor path loss models, highlighting the significance of factors such as antenna height and separation distance.
Review of Business Information Systems …, 2011
The history of communication is an exciting topic. This article reviews various areas that makeup the current history of wireless communication. These topics include: the wireless vision, generations of wireless, technical issues, current wireless systems, wireless LaNs, Wide Area Wireless Data Services, Broadband Wireless Access, Satellite Wireless Access, Satellite Networks, and Bluetooth and this material will stimulate you to do more research in these various areas of the wireless industry.
Springer eBooks, 2021
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
One of the major developments in WWII was the miniaturization of FM radio components to a backpack or handheld device (the walkie-talkie), a half-duplex (either transmit or receive, not both) push-to-talk communication device. After returning from war, veterans had the expectation that wireless communications should be available in their civilian jobs [26]. But the phone system, the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) was: wired, and manually switched at telephone exchanges.
Advances in Radio Science, 2021
In this contribution, we examine the development of radio technology before 1921 and the emergence of the broadcasting concept during the World War I. We consider in detail the experiments in the transmitter stations located in Eberswalde and Königs Wusterhausen and numerous sources in order to assess the importance of their work. We also discuss the question of whether the medium of broadcasting ("Rundfunk") started in Germany (or even in Europe) 100 years ago in one of these transmitter stations.
Cellular communication has brought in an unparallel revolution in the field of communication during the past two decades. The mobile communication industry growth has surpassed growth of all other fields. Even our own country is not left behind. The number of mobile subscribers in the country rose to over 911 m in Mar 2012. 3G system has been introduced in line with other countries. Talks have started about 4G / 5G. The implementation of 4G /5G will most probably be the ultimate goal in the field of communication.
International Journal of Technology and Globalisation, 2012
The evolution of global wireless markets can be understood as paralleling and spurring technological and regulatory developments in co-evolutionary fashion. Wireless technology has deep roots in a number of different technologies, from the telephone to radar. The public monopoly nature of telephone service probably retarded the introduction of wireless technologies, whose early commercial precursors were introduced as early as 1974. The deregulation of telephone services allowed for the development of cell phones as an alternative. More recent technological advances have brought about a convergence of data and voice services, demanding again further regulatory and industry re-organisation.
2006
The mobile information society has revolutionised the way we work, communicate and socialise. Mobile phones, wireless free communication and associated technologies such as WANs, LANs, and PANs, cellular networks, SMS, 3G, Bluetooth, Blackberry and WiFi are seen as the driving force of the advanced society. The roots of today's explosion in wireless technology can be traced back to the deregulation of AT&T in the US and the Post Office and British Telecom in the UK, as well as Nokia's groundbreaking approach to the design and marketing of the mobile phone.Providing a succinct introduction to the field of mobile and wireless communications, this book: begins with the basics of radio technology and offers an overview of key scientific terms and concepts for the student reader; addresses the social and economic implications of mobile and wireless technologies, such as the effects of the deregulation of telephone systems Uses a range of case studies and examples of mobile and ...
IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 2011
This paper presents a chronology of the origin and development of wireless (or radio) communications. It follows the fo llowing pattern. It gives credit to some of the scientists who provided the initial observations and understanding of electric and magnetic phenomena. It then mentions the experiments and inventions carried out toward the evolution of scientific and engineering models. Finally, it focuses on the implementation of practical wireless systems. The chronology leads us to conclude that the invention and development of wireless/radio systems can neither be credited to one individual nor to one specific country. The chronology strongly indicates an overlapping of human thinking in time in many countries. This compelled us to not make a definitive choice of an individual (or country) for the well-deserved credit. We leave it up to the reader to make her or his own choice!
2001
Throughout its history, amateur radio has made significant contributions to science, industry, and the social services. The economic and social benefit derived from amateur radio research has founded new industries, built economies, empowered nations, and saved lives. Amateur radio represents a unique research and development (R&D) environment that cannot be duplicated in the labs or research parks of either industry or the government. Existing at the intersection of the social, economic, cultural and scientific spheres, amateur radio leverages this position to invent and innovate from a unique perspective. Many now-commonplace communication technologies have their genesis in amateur radio. However, the amateur radio service, or more specifically, the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum allocated to the activity, is under extreme pressure from the telecommunications industry. Recent exponential growth in commercial wireless communication systems has taxed existing commercial spe...
draft white paper, …, 1999
In the 1960's voice communication was carried to end subscribers almost exclusively on copper wires running from central office switches to homes and businesses, and television was broadcast to homes almost exclusively through the air modulated on electromagnetic ...
A communication system is made up of devices that employ one of two communication methods (wireless or wired), different types of equipment (portable radios, mobile radios, base/fixed station radios, and repeaters), and various accessories (examples include speaker microphones, battery eliminators, and carrying cases) and/or enhancements (encryption, digital communications, security measures, and interoperability/networking) to meet the user needs.
This chapter surveys the history of telecommunications from a global perspective and highlights three influential interpretative traditions. It has two parts. The first part defines "telecommunications" and sketches the main dimensions of four telecommunications networks over a two-hundred-year period -the optical telegraph, the electric telegraph, the landline telephone, and the mobile telephone (and its predecessor, the wireless telegraph). The second part shows how historical scholarship on topics in the history of telecommunications has been shaped by three intellectual traditions: the Large Technical Systems (LTS) approach; political economy; and the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT).
In the past few years' wireless telephone networks have had a huge leap forward from the 1G that depended solely on analog communication to the 3G where users could afford relatively fast dependable data service. And the 4G 5G the internet became more depended on IP address. Throughout this change the frequency band have increased drastically currently waves include most of the micro and Nano band spectrums, providing faster service and the ability to connect more devices, thereby opening the way for the age of internet of things
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