Art & Cultural Aspects of Medieval China and India.pdf

Work of art produced in the vast geographical region on India. It the oldest art in the world and has its origins in remote antiquity. Indian art is visual art that, weather ancient or modern, originated in or is practiced in India and by Indian artists. Various civilizations often developed in separate, many people gradually came together and had made the innovations of their societies. The human figure assumed greater importance, and landscape painting acquired a new vitality. The surface of the paintings, especially the style and variety of brush strokes, became important. Still – life compositions came into greater prominence, especially Miniature Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Textile, Craft Works, Enamel etc. got an importance in the courts of periods after periods. Also the development in the field of religion, folk art and language in India and during the medieval times have been important milestones in the evaluation of the composite culture of India. New religions movements like Islamism and Buddhism along with Bhakti movement contributed to this process. The composite culture characteristic of the medieval period is amply witnessed in these fields. A new style of architecture known as the Indo – Islamic style was born out of this fusion. However, it is amazing that some of the painters tried to paint the classical ragas, thereby giving form and colour to such abstract conceptions as music. Seasons or Baramasa Paintings were similarly given artistic forms. Can you ever estimate the creativity of these artists?

W hen you go to the market or to a museum you will find many paintings, wall hangings or work done on terracotta. Do you know that these paintings have their origin in ouir ancient past. They depict the life and customs followed by the people of those times. They also show how the kings and queens dressed or how the courtiers sat in the royal assembly. Literacy records which had a direct bearing on the art of painting show that from very early times painting both secular and religious were considered an important form of artistic expression and was practised. This need for expression is a very basic requirement for human survival and it has taken various forms since prehistoric times. Painting is one such form with which you may have been acquainted in some way or the other. Indian painting is the result of the synthesis of various traditions and its development is an ongoing process. However while adapting to new styles, Indian painting has maintained its distinct character. " Modern Indian painting in thus a reflection of the intermingling of a rich traditional inheritance with modern trends and ideas ". OBJECTIVES After reading this lesson you will be able to:  trace the origin of painting from the prehistoric times;  describe the development of painting during the medieval period;  recognise the contribution of Mughal rulers to painting in India;  trace the rise of distinct schools of painting like the Rajasthani and the Pahari schools;  assess the development of painting in local centres like Kangra, Kulu, and Basoli;

isara solutions, 2019

India occupies an exalted position in the realm of art of the ancient world. If greeks excelled in the portrayal of the physical charm of the human body; the Indian were unsurpassed in transmitting the spiritual contents to their plastic forms embodying the high ideal and the common beliefs of the people. Indian art & music is deeply rooted in the religion. India is the birth place of three, of the world's great religions Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism and these faiths have inspired most of our Indian art. Art & Music is very well connected to each other. Raagmala painting & music has interconnected to each other. The pictorial representation of the ragas of Indian music are essential for formulating the imaginative impulse which is responsible for transforming the notes of music into concert a forms or images. The pictorial representation of the ragas is necessary for visualizing the aesthetic or emotive essence of the ragas. In India as well other countries painting was a pin to literature and abstraction that was achieved by the painting and by music in India, there are appropriate melodies for the various seasons, there are paintings of musical modes and there are also Bramasi or seasonal lyrical poems. With their simplicity of line skillful orgnaisations of masses by mean of deep colours. Music is essentially an abstract art, allied to painting, it helps the letter to achieve a degree of a abstraction that is normal to music, directing the human soul of being, which is behind all patterns of sounds, shapes and colours. Ragmala painting shows the whole mood of Indian Classical ragas.

A Felicitation Volume in Honour of Venerable Pategama Gnanarama Maha Thera (Ed. Ven. Dr. R. Chandwimala Thero and Prof. Chandima Wijebandara), Ti-Sarana Buddhist Association: Singapore, 2011.

isara solutions, 2018

The research paper critically evaluates and brings out the impact of traditions on India's contemporary visual art. Indian art has come through a long passage from being traditionally oriented to imbibe several aspects of modern and western art yet to maintain its roots in the cultural heritage of India. The paper covers the impact of India's traditional artwork and its culture on Mughal art and subsequently the impact of British rule and western education system on Indian culture and its art. Today's contemporary art of India is indeed an amazing amalgamation of traditional Indian art and western art techniques and Indian artists actively exploring international avenues not only to contribute but make a mark across borders.

2013

I express my sincere gratitude to those without whose support I would never have undertaken such a project. Mentioning everyone who helped me directly and indirectly to bring this work to fruition will be a lengthy affair. Nevertheless, I acknowledge the support received from various museums and libraries to authenticate the data I have collected during my field research.

Space and Culture, India, ACCB, 2018

The article considers the role of Central Asian traditions in the formation and development of Mongolian fine arts. The authors reveal the significance of various factors for the formation of the original stylistics, which manifested itself in the methods, techniques and pictorial means typical of Mongolian art. The article defines the role of Indian artistic traditions in the development of Mongolian fine arts. The authors claim that Mongolian religious painting on scrolls is a bright artistic phenomenon based on the strict canon developed in India and inherited by many cultures of Asia. The means of artistic depiction, iconography, a system of proportions, borrowed and modified by the Mongols, had been developed in the cradle of Indian civilisation. The purpose of the article is to study the features of Mongolian fine arts on the basis of ethnic traditions, as well as to consider this phenomenon using the example of traditional and contemporary painting. Multiculturalism conditioned by the polyethnic nature of the region played an important role in the history of Mongolian culture. The renewal of ethnocultural experience is related to the artistic traditions brought from India, Tibet and China, but in Mongolian art, there is no predominance of any forms of other cultures. Hence, the art is original and has its unique features. As a result of the combination of the ornamental pictorial technique of nomadic cultures with the painting techniques of sedentary peoples, an artistic style based on the Buddhist canon, supplemented by original ethnocultural elements, was formed. In the process of mastering and developing the artistic experience based on the traditions of planar painting, icon painting, arts and crafts, folklore, a new art direction "Mongol Zurag" appeared in the 20th century. The creative method of modern masters proves that while working in various trends, genres, techniques, individual manners, they preserve and develop national traditions in painting. Consequently, the preservation of the artistic-aesthetic heritage of the ethnos has a positive effect on fine arts and the vitality of culture in general.

Divine Visions, Earthly Pleasures, Berkeley: BAMPFA, 2017

From the very earliest times, a range of stylistic possibilities was open to Indian painters. Divine Visions, Earthly Pleasures highlights many appealing styles and trends found in this rich tradition. The Indian artist constantly plays with various, even conflicting approaches, such as realism and abstraction, often within a single work. Perhaps confusing at first, upon closer inspection this layering of artistic conventions can be subtle and sophisticated. The play of line and color, sometimes strikingly juxtaposed, illustrates a virtuosity not often found in other artistic traditions. The Indian artist uses a variety of conventions to create space, as well, often employing a number of different visual points of view in a single work. The architecture can recede into space in one part of a painting and appear as flat, two-dimensional space in another.

Seminar in the Arts of Mughal India, 2021