Amadasi_ΑΡΧΑΙΑ ΚΥΠΡΟΣ_ΜΚΤ_Amadasi.pdf

AURA, 2019

This paper discusses the Phoenician presence in the Northern Aegean basin, as suggested by the ancient Greek authors, in the light of new archaeological discoveries from the area. It examines the few Cypriot, Phoenician and Phoenician-style objects, which were either imported or locally produced in the far north of the Aegean during the late 8th - early 7th c. B.C. This paper views them as reverberations of the active Phoenician commercial and manufacturing involvement in the southern Aegean. Moreover, an emphasis is placed on the role that Cyprus possibly played as a link between Phoenicia and the Aegean. The nature and volume of goods from the Eastern Mediterranean discovered in the Northern Aegean points towards mixed cargo ships. It also indicates a Greek (Euboean)-Phoenician cooperation rather than a direct link with the Levantine coast, although a small number of Phoenician craftsmen could have been resident in the Northern Aegean. It is argued that it’s possible to outline different patterns of interaction between Eastern Mediterranean people and Greeks (Euboeans) in the Thermaic Gulf and with local Thracians east of river Strymon.

Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 1996

Conexiones mediterráneas Actualidad y Perspectiva de la investigación arqueológica española en Grecia continental y el Egeo - Mediterranean connections Present and future of Spanish archaeological research in continental Greece and the Aegean, Madrid: AECID, Instituto Cervantes y JAS Arqueología,..., 2024

Over the last decade, research has been carried out at Corinth to study the well-known Punic Amphora Building, one of the most outstanding contexts that provide evidence on the trade rela- tions established between the Greeks and the western Punic communities during the Classical period. From this basis, since 2020 a broader project (GRE.PU.RE) has examined the contacts, the movement of people and the exchange of products developed between the Aegean and the Phoenician and Punic communities (both eastern and western). Thus, the main goal has been to initiate the systematization not only of the information from Corinth, but from the entire Aegean area, as the first phase of a long-term program to analyze the bidirectionality of the interactions and the archaeological record related to them. Numerous known and unpublished data have been compiled from literary sources, epigraphs, numismatic finds, metal and ivory items, pottery (remarkably amphorae), which together make it possible to refine current interpretations and raise new historical questions.

2024

Within Assyriological circles, it has been remarked, almost as an anecdote, that the deciphering of the Old Persian cuneiform in the 19th century began with a bet at a German Kneipe . This paper outlines the climate of competitiveness among a circle of scholars who, while involved in the furthering of the efforts to decipher the cuneiform script used in Persia, excoriated a peer's attempt to bring to light a lost Phoenician treatise, translated by Philon of Byblos (1st-2nd c. CE). This has bearing on our understanding of the Late Bronze Age collapse as well as the emergence of what became known in the Greco-Roman sources as 'Tartessos'. I first show why the document in Greek appears to be the authentic work of Phoinikika, i.e a Phoenician treatise, translated and lightly edited by Philo of Byblos, by employing the arguments of a counter-factual. If ithe publication of the alleged manuscript containing the Phoinikika were fraudulent, what was the information available in the 1830s to one who would like to concoct material presenting his confabulations as an ancient manuscript? The counter-factual analysis could account for some of the material therein, but not all of the information contained in the published treatise. I argue this on historical grounds (the conditions of the discovery of the postulated manuscript and the state of the art on Phoenician studies in the 1830s), linguistic (mostly Phoenician personal names and toponyms but also those that seem to come from other non-Greek languages) as well as philological grounds (regarding the plain idiom of the post-Hellenistic era Greek language 'koine' spoken in the Roman East) and further, I pay attention to the concordance of the published text with the accepted fragments in Eusebius' work, in terms of narrative sequence, and in addition, I examine the veridical authority of the work on archaeological grounds (does the treatise bear out historical situations corroborated by archaeological finds?). While the aim here is to solely rehabilitate the text as authentic and not provide a commentary on it, I discuss interesting passages from the facsimile of the original manuscript containing the full text of Phoinikika in Greek, as published in 1837. The facsimile has not been studied since its full publication so my contribution comes with a delay of nearly two centuries (!). Should my argument prove wrong with future research, I consider that this piece retains a relative value as a snippet of the intellectual climate of the day regarding the discovery of Near Eastern antiquity in western Europe. Corroborating the authenticity of the publication is a narrative on an exiled Tyrian king, whose name, and comparable life arch, survives also in the Late Bronze Age Amarna archive, which archive of letters had not been discovered when the alleged forgery was published in 1837. Typogaphic errata, p. 71: 'sky' should be 'skn'; p. 91: 'Leiathane' should be 'Leiathana', "In the MF, the passage (2.9-2.10)" should read "In the MF, the passage (2.9-2.12)"; p. 93: "FGrH 790F2.10.13=Eus. P.E, 1.10.36a1-2" should be "FGrH 790F2.=Eus. P.E, 1.10.13) Abstract: Somewhat telling of the fortunes of Phoenician studies in European scholarship and academia (to this day) is the abandon of scepticism with which Herennius Philo’s Φοινικικὰ (‘Phoenician Affairs’/’Phoenician History’) was met from the very beginning of its resurfacing in western Europe. The reserve over the historicity of Philo’s extant passages continued for centuries until the resistance to its status as authentic was curbed only after the excavations at the site of Ugarit early in the previous century yielded epigraphic evidence corroborating information contained in Philo’s Phoenician History and quoted in Eusebius of Caesarea’s Evangelical Preparation, especially regarding the Canaanite pantheon. Although contemporary research has focused on the euhemeristic climate for the examination of Philo’s passages, relegating them to the study of (post-) Hellenistic literary culture, its significance for Near Eastern and Biblical Studies, though invaluable, has been neglected since earlier decades. In the present instance, I seek to rehabilitate a manuscript containing the Nine Books of Philo’s Phoenician History, published by Friedrich Wagenfeld almost two centuries, ago, in 1837. I argue through a range of data and arguments that the manuscript facsimile of the entire Phoenician History that he published was authentic, demonstrating both that the scepticism of the time was unwarranted and that excavations undertaken across the eastern and western Mediterranean since then corroborate much of the information contained therein but not available to someone living in the 1830s. Works by Philo survived in at least three manuscripts reported by different individuals, none of which was studied. Curiously, this information was communicated in print in 1836 in an article by Philippe Le Bas that aimed to expose Wagenfeld’s facsimile as fraudulent, albeit at the same time hedging on the matter of its authenticity, allowing for the possibility that an ancient manuscript had existed and was elaborated on by Wagenfeld. Despite that qualification, as of then, Wagenfeld was fully discredited as a forger by his peers on petty grounds.Yet the content of the manuscript published by Wagenfeld significantly adds to our knowledge of history, culture and literature of the Canaanite-Phoenician world and its neighbours in the eastern Mediterranean during the Late Bronze Age and beyond. Open-access link: https://revistas.usp.br/revmae/issue/view/13491

Levant, 2018

2019

In this introductory chapter the editors speak to the relevance of the Phoenicians as active cultural, economic, and political agents in ancient Mediterranean history. The Phoenicians are the constantly underrated, even marginalized “third party” in a story written as a tale of Greek and Roman success in the Mediterranean world. But it is no exaggeration to say that the world that the Greeks and Romans experienced, and to some extent the world we live in today, would have been quite different had the Phoenicians not existed. The editors stress the need for an updated overview stemming from the multiple countries and disciplines that have advanced our study of the Phoenicians in recent decades. They also lay out the rationale behind this Handbook, its organization, and its goals.

Phokis is known today mainly for the oracular sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi, to a lesser extent for another oracular shrine of Apollo, the one at Abai, which is most probably to be identified with the sanctuary of Kalapodi. The land of the Phokians delineated by these two oracular sanctuaries comprised multiple poleis whose names are attested in the literary and epigraphical record. At the same time, there are many sites with extant archaeological remains, which had been partly always visible or which came to light mainly through the investigations of the Ephorates of Fthiotida, Phokis and Boiotia. In recent years, the historical as well as the archaeological research has contributed to a better understanding of the Phokians. The conference aims to bring together scholars working on thearchaeological material and on the historical record, with a focus on the historical period, thus stimulating a re-evaluation of topographical, archaeological and historical questions.