Poultry e

This report will review the history of antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) use in the animal industry, concerns about development of antimicrobial resistance, and response in the European Union and United States to these concerns. A brief description of the history of legislation regarding feed use of antimicrobials in Denmark and the experience of animal producers following the 1998 ban will serve to illustrate the consequences on animal performance and health of withdrawing the (

2007

The objective is to provide a strong factual basis for the optimisation of the hygienic quality of the poultry products meant for human consumption, in conformation with the new European regulations concerning feed additives, and the changes occurring in poultry production. The project has been divided into five main work packages. The first work package is dedicated to the management of the project and to the dissemination of the scientific results. Work package 2 and 3 focus on the effects of the new European regulations and the new tendencies in breeding management on the food-borne pathogens (traditional and emerging) along the food chain: at the farms in work package 2 and at the slaughterhouse and processing plants in work package 3. Work package 4 aims to validate the utilisation of new molecular methodologies for the study of the whole intestinal flora of poultry as well as poultry meat and to determine the effect of dietary factors and rearing types, and interactions with the food-borne pathogens. Work package 4 will provide operational methodologies that will be also used in work packages 2 and 3. Work package 5 provides economic assessment of changes in poultry practice under the current pressure of the European regulatory and studies the effect of organizational arrangements in the poultry food chain affecting food safety.

A study was conducted to examine the posthatch growth performance of high-yielding broilers when eggs were incubated at 3 different embryo temperatures from 2 flocks of breeders at different ages (different egg size). Two thousand, four hundred eggs from 2 broiler breeder flocks (29 and 57 wk of age) of the same highyielding strain (Cobb × Cobb) were incubated in the same incubator for 16 d at 37.5°C. Following candling, the eggs from the 2 flocks were transferred into 3 hatcher cabinets at starting temperatures of 36.5°C (low, L), 37.6°C (middle, M), and 38.7°C (high, H) and adjusted to achieve a shell temperature of 37.5°C (L), 38.6°C (M), and 39.7°C (H) using an infrared thermometer. All chicks were taken off at 21 d of incubation, randomized into floor pens, and reared for 44 d. Body weights, feed intake, and feed

Over the past 30 years, the production of chickens has climbed by more than twice, reaching 25.9 billion birds in 2019 and up to 80% in 2020. (1). With 13.3 million tonnes produced and 1.5 million tonnes exported-or 9% of all exports worldwide Poland ranked among the top exporters globally in 2019. Poland was the top producer of chicken meat in the European Union in 2019. 2.6 million tonnes of poultry meat were produced in Poland (2). In the upcoming years, it is projected that production of poultry meat, which continues to be the primary category of total meat production (3), would rise (4). As a result, efforts to improve poultry production efficiency while improving the health and wellbeing of the animals are ongoing. We discover that the birds' interest significantly affects the quality of the products in chicken production, which may have an impact on economic efficiency (5). A bird is said to have a high level of welfare if it behaves naturally, is healthy, and is in a joyful emotional state (6). One of the biggest issues in today's chicken production that can have a large impact on welfare is behaviour disorders, which can manifest in a range of behaviours, such as increased aggression, lameness, cannibalism, or feather plucking and cause financial losses (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12). Modern chicken farms also frequently eliminate staff while maintaining or increasing bird counts to cut costs, which lowers the herd's welfare and prevents it from showing a particular species' behaviour (13). In order to increase production efficiency and improve animal welfare, it is essential to monitor animal behaviour, feeding procedures, and environmental conditions. Additionally, more efficient management and monitoring practises are being created as public interest in and concern about chicken breeding grows. Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) instruments enable the unattended collecting of broadly understood data on housing conditions and animals in real-time without any direct humananimal contact. This makes it possible to acquire precise information (14). To regulate animal welfare, health, and performance, an automated management system based on real-time data can be created (Figure 1). This system will use data from numerous sources that have been gathered by sensors or other equipment (15). A key element that facilitates the effective use of PLF technologies is their interoperability with commercial poultry farm equipment depending on the data gathered (16). PLF technologies can help in early detection of animal welfare issues, better and faster management decisions, and long-term financial loss minimization (17). The different technologies that can be introduced into chicken production systems to better manage the environment, human health, and animal welfare are discussed in this paper. The practical use and potential consequences of such technology on wellness are looked at.

Poultry Science, 2007

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society

The main goals of recent poultry production sectors are to enhance the immune response of the birds, improve the performance, reduce mortalities and reduce stressors. These goals can be easily achieved through dietary supplementation with vitamins. Vitamin E is one of the fat-soluble vitamin that has been used from last decades for different poultry production types. The inoculation level of vitamin E in the diet of poultry depends on several factors. Low or high level of vitamin E can induce severe adverse economic losses in poultry industry. Vitamin E has been regarded as a potent chain-breaking antioxidant as well as immuno-stimulator for both cell-mediated and humoral immunity. Vitamin E is added to the diet of broilers, layers and breeders especially those under heat stress conditions. In broilers, vitamin E can improve the health conditions, feed efficiency and immunity. However, in layers and breeders, it enhances the egg’s quantity and quality as well as the fertility; respe...