El Códice de Santiago Tlacotepec, Siglo XVI

Historia Mexicana, 1997

Este artículo ofrece una visión de conjunto de la evolución de las comunidades indígenas del México central durante el periodo colonial, del altépetl al pueblo de indios, hasta las décadas finales del siglo XVIII. El autor es ambicioso y logra su pretensión de integrar multitud de temas-naturaleza de los cabildos indígenas y de sus gobernadores, congregaciones, composiciones, generalización del "fundo legal" y las separaciones de pueblos, entre otros-con hallazgos historiográficos de varios investigadores, principalmente Haskett, Chance y Taylor, Hoekstra, Osborn, García Martínez y Tutino. Pero su debilidad, me parece, estriba en el carácter incipiente de su investigación primaria sobre estos temas-al menos hasta el momento de publicar este artículo-, lo que le impide medir, en ocasiones, la complejidad real de los temas que trata: de ahí la explicación de que un texto denso, lleno de elementos y con una visión tan amplia, adolezca de varias imprecisiones, simplificaciones y aún aparentes errores Su debilidad también deriva del camino paradigmático que el autor eli¬ ge: comienza batiendo un modelo ampliamente superado-el que alguna vez creyó en la igualdad de los indígenas en sus co¬ munidades-, para luego caer en otro modelo, el medieval, cjue adopta hasta el punto de desconocer la especificidad del'caso que pretendía explicar.

2018

[Dissertação de Mestrado] Resumo: O objetivo desta dissertação é entender as concepções de tempo e espaço presentes nos códices mexicas produzidos no período colonial inicial, entendendo-as como parte das concepções de história desse povo. Para alcançar esse objetivo foram analisadas centralmente as representações de calendário e lugares políticos e de paisagem em cinco narrativas históricas contidas nos códices mexicas produzidos durante os séculos XVI e início do XVII: Boturini, Mendoza, Aubin, Vaticano A e Manuscrito 40, manuscritos compostos por textos pictoglíficos e alfabéticos, produzidos pelas elites mexicas e seus descendentes, a partir de demandas nativas, castelhanas e missionárias. As representações temporais e espaciais levantadas nas narrativas foram cotejadas com exemplos de origem pré-hispânica, contidos nos códices mixtecos e nos monumentos e gravados em pedra mexicas, com a finalidade de inferir possíveis relações com permanências e transformações das concepções de tempo e espaço dos mexicas durante o período colonial inicial. O entendimento desse conjunto de concepções, centrados nas representações de calendário e de lugares políticos e de paisagem contidas nas narrativas históricas mexicas, pode contribuir para compreender como as elites mexicas e seus descendentes concebiam sua própria história após a conquista castelhana. [MA thesis] The Colonial Mexicas Histories: Conceptions of Time and Space (1530-1608) - Abstract: This Master thesis aims to comprehend the conceptions of time and space in the colonial Mexica or Aztec codices, assuming them as part of the Mexicas conceptions of history. To achieve this objective, the representations of calendar signs, political and landscape places were centrally analyzed in five historical narratives from Mexica codices produced during the 16th and early 17th centuries: Boturini, Mendoza, Aubin, Vaticano A and Manuscrito 40. These manuscripts produced by the Mexicas elites and their descendants, based on native, Castilian and missionary demands were composed by pictoglyphic and alphabetical texts. The time and space representations were analyzed and compared to pre-Hispanic samples at Mixtec codices and Mexicas stone monuments, for the purpose of infer the possible relations of persistence and transformation on the Mexicas conceptions of time and space during the early colonial period. The comprehension of this set of conceptions, centrally on the representations of calendar signs, political and landscape places, may contribute to understand how the Mexicas elites and their descendants conceived their own history after the Castilian conquest. Text available in Portuguese.

eHumanista: Journal of Iberian Studies, 2022

Los trabajos que constituyen el presente dossier ofrecen un pequeño muestreo del vasto universo que es la tradición textual de la conquista de México. En conjunto, permiten entender mejor los mecanismos de representación de un evento que no ha dejado, ni dejará, de generar interés pues además de ser un momento clave de la historia global, se ha convertido en mito, un relato que trasciende el hecho histórico, protagonizado por figuras arquetípicas cuyas acciones tienen valor simbólico y que, por lo tanto, se pueden interpretar de muchas y muy distintas maneras dependiendo del contexto y la intención.

APL, 2024

More than eight decades after the finding, the stele of Sinarcas is today one of the banners of the Museum of Prehistory of Valencia and a relevant object of the Iberian culture in Valencia. In this paper we intend to provide new data on the circumstances of its discovery, to update the study of its inscription at a philological level and to insert it into its historical and spatial context: North of the Requena-Utiel Plateau, an area where the metallurgy seems to have played an important role in the complex Romanization process of the Iberian territory of Kelin. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Més de vuit dècades després de la seva troballa, l'estela de Sinarcas és ara com ara un dels estendards del Museu de Prehistòria de València i una peça insigne de la cultura ibèrica en l'àmbit valencià. En les següents línies pretenem aportar noves dades sobre les circumstàncies de la seva troballa, actualitzar a nivell filològic l'estudi de la seva inscripció i inserir-la en el context històric i espacial: el nord de la Meseta de Requena-Utiel, una zona on la metal·lúrgia sembla haver-hi jugat un paper important en el complex procés de romanització del territori ibèric de Kelin. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Más de ocho décadas después de su hallazgo, la estela de Sinarcas es hoy por hoy uno de los estandartes del Museu de Prehistòria de València y una pieza insigne de la cultura ibérica en el ámbito valenciano. En las siguientes líneas pretendemos aportar nuevos datos sobre las circunstancias de su hallazgo, actualizar a nivel filológico el estudio de su inscripción e insertarla en su contexto histórico y espacial: el norte de la Meseta de Requena-Utiel, una zona donde la metalurgia parece haber jugado un papel importante en el complejo proceso de romanización del territorio ibérico de Kelin.

Revista Española de Antropología Americana

This essay focuses on ethnohistorical and anthropological analysis of the Información de don Juan de Guzmán Itztlolinqui, a set of related documents from the Archivo General de Indias. This record was composed in Mexico in June 8-15, 1536, as probanza de meritos (proof of merits) of don Juan de Guzmán Itztlolinqui, the colonial cacique of Coyoacán in the Basin of Mexico, his elder brother and predecessor don Hernando, and their father, Cuauhpopoca, the pre-Hispanic ruler of the town. Although made in full accordance with Castilian legal procedure of that time, the Información de don Juan de Guzmán Itztlolinqui is completely based on the earliest indigenous testimonies about the first stage of Conquest ever known.

Calíope, 2021

Hernan Cortés did not conquer the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, with 300 European soldiers as one popular version suggests. In fact, he would never have even reached the spectacular city without the aid of tens of thousands of Amerindian warriors from various polities throughout the region. Many Mesoamerican city-states already in conflict with the Aztecs allied themselves with the Spanish invaders against their domineering imperial Mexica lords. Nevertheless, in English-language academic discourse, we continue to conceptualize the fall of the Aztec empire as a one-on-one conflict between the Mexica ruler, Moctezuma, and the European conquistador. The details we study about this encounter that are accessible in English come from the accounts of the Spanish and their Indigenous, mostly Mexica, informants. Nevertheless, at the moment of the European arrival in Mexico, the Triple Alliance, a confederation of three of the most powerful city-states: the Mexica-Tenochca ("Mexica" or "Aztecs"), the Tetzcocans, and the Tepanecs, maintained power over the region. While the Mexica dominated the alliance militarily, the Tetzcocans and the Tepanecs managed to preserve their autonomy over their own allied tributaries for nearly 100 years. We know this because the Tetzcocans, like the Mexica, had their own chroniclers before and after the arrival of the Europeans. Unfortunately, until the publication of this volume, only a few of their narratives have been accessible to the English-speaking world. This text will open up the study of the Conquest of Mexico and Indigenous participation in the colony of New Spain.

Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl, 2024

The Codex Mendoza. New Insights, edited by Jorge Gómez Tejada, brings together recent scholarship that fundamentally reexamines one of the most famous and well-studied colonial Mexican manuscripts, revealing important and sometimes surprising new understandings. Previous scholarship has long held that the Codex Mendoza, now at the Bodleian Library in Oxford, England, was commissioned in 1541-1542 by the Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza and painted by a Nahua tlahcuiloh -painter-scribe, plural tlahcuilohqueh-, often identified as Francisco Gualpuyoguacal, before being translated into Spanish by a mendicant friar. Famously, the codex was then thought to have been shipped across the Atlantic to King Charles v of Spain, only to be intercepted instead by French pirates. The commission's purpose though ultimately foiled by the pirates, was to obtain information for the Spanish Crown about the subjects treated in the three parts of the codex -Mexica imperial history, tribute under the Aztec empire, and an ethnographic account of Nahua life-, the first two of which are believed to have been copied from pre-colonial prototypes. In writings that date as far back as the 18th century, various scholars have viewed these three sections as a crucial source on Mexica history, economics, society, and glyphic writing, presenting the codex as a rare window onto the pre-colonial past. Across its fourteen chapters, the new volume reexamines nearly every aspect of this narrative and often either arrives at entirely different conclusions or else places key elements in doubt. As such, it will be an important read for scholars of Mesoamerican manuscripts and colonial Latin American art, while some chapters will also be valuable for undergraduate and graduate courses. Published in both a Spanish and an English version, The Codex Mendoza. New Insights contains contributions by scholars based in Ecuador,

Jongsoo Lee and Galen Brokaw, editors, Boulder, Texcoco: Prehispanic and Colonial Perspectives, University of Colorado Press, 2014.

"Sound, enlightening and interesting." —Rocío Cortéz, The University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh Texcoco: Prehispanic and Colonial Perspectives presents an in-depth, highly nuanced historical understanding of this major indigenous Mesoamerican city from the conquest through the present. The book argues for the need to revise conclusions of past scholarship on familiar topics, deals with current debates that derive from differences in the way scholars view abundant and diverse iconographic and alphabetic sources, and proposes a new look at Texcocan history and culture from different academic disciplines. Contributors address some of the most pressing issues in Texcocan studies and bring new ones to light: the role of Texcoco in the Aztec empire, the construction and transformation of Prehispanic history in the colonial period, the continuity and transformation of indigenous culture and politics after the conquest, and the nature and importance of iconographic and alphabetic texts that originated in this city-state, such as the Codex Xolotl, the Mapa Quinatzin, and Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxochitl's chronicles. Multiple scholarly perspectives and methodological approaches offer alternative paradigms of research and open a needed dialogue among disciplines—social, political, literary, and art history, as well as the history of science. This comprehensive overview of Prehispanic and colonial Texcoco will be of interest to Mesoamerican scholars in the social sciences and humanities. Contributors: Bradley Benton, Amber Brian, Galen Brokaw, Lori Boornazian Diel, Pablo García Loaeza, Leisa Kauffmann, Jongsoo Lee, Jerome Offner, Janice K. Pierce, Ethelia Ruiz Medrano, Camilla Townsend, Barbara J. Williams Cloth: $70.00 Electronic Book: $56.00 30-day Electronic Book rental: $9.99 Author Bios: Jongsoo Lee (Editor): Jongsoo Lee is an associate professor in the Department of World Languages, Literature, and Cultures at the University of North Texas. He specializes in the study of Prehispanic and colonial Mexico and he is the author of The Allure of Nezahualcoyotl: Pre-Hispanic History, Religion, and Nahua Poetics (University of New Mexico Press, 2008). Galen Brokaw (Editor): Galen Brokaw is associate professor in the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures at Montana State University . He specializes in indigenous American cultural studies focusing on Mesoamerica and the Andes. He is the author of A History of the Khipu (Cambridge University Press, 2010). ISBN: 978-1-60732-283-2 Format: Cloth Pages: 288 Illustrations: 18 b&w photographs, 7 line drawings, 3 tables Published: July '14

This thesis presents the analysis of two major sources, the Second letter written by Hernán Cortés, directed to the Spanish king Charles V. and the work of Bernardino de Sahagún, focusing on his final book of the Florentine Codex. The research question aims to find out whether these sources should be considered as reliable or should their de facto untouchable reputation, which has been amassed throughout the years, be questioned. In the first part I am focusing on the analysis of the Second letter, trying to determine truth from propaganda. In the second part, I am focusing on analysing pictures which follow the text in Florentine Codex, focusing on material culture of the time. My goal was to prove whether the armour and weaponry depicted in these images were in fact used and demonstrated in the time of the Conquest, or were they copied from the surroundings of the later date. While taking into consideration that Mexico was never labelled a colony, its present day shape and form can be strongly attributed to the Spanish influence, thus demonstrating the continuity of the influence the Conquest created. In the end, it is important to ask ourselves, would this event resonate so strongly in the history if it occurred a couple of years later, when the 52 year cycle would have passed, and would that change the Aztec mind-set, leading to a much different history than the one we know and are familiar with?