NH Abstract + Paper 9th Dec.17 WOCMES 2018.pdf

2017

Islam in Historical Perspective, 2015

LAJOHIS, 2023

The epoch-making migration of the nascent Muslim group under the leadership of Prophet Muhammad from Makkah to Madinah in the 6th century has not only been extensively discussed but well documented by Muslim historians and scholars of Islam to denote its significance in the evolutionary process of the Islamic faith. Many of these scholarly efforts are devoted to teach practical lessons of life to Muslims with little or no cognizance given to its place as a veritable template for State formation. Yathrib an obscured city in the southern part of hijaz emerged not just as a state of founders and settlers but the religiopolitical capital of Islam upon the entrance of the Prophet in 622 C:E. Madinah as the new name of the city became the launching pad for the expansion of the creed as it contends with earlier creeds and civilization in the adjoining Arabian/ Persian sub-continent. An examination of leadership vacuum, migration, tribal affiliation, warfare, superior balance of power and other factors which aided the formation of the state of Madinah as well as the dynamics of state building in the immediate period of formation is the core of this paper. The moral imperatives are also examined as precept for modern theories of state formation.

Comparative Political Theory, 2023

The present inquiry is a contribution to the study of early Islamic political thought focusing on the earliest document of Islamic political doctrine, the so-called Constitution of Medina. What particularly distinguishes the procedure followed here is the attempt to establish a link between the source-critical approach to the study of early Islamic history and the historiography of Islamic political thought. This study will argue that the "Constitution of Medina," whose authenticity is accepted even by the most skeptical scholars, can be a source for reconstructing a historically reliable understanding of early Islamic political thought. Without making a claim about the legitimacy of the source-critical approach, the objective here is to show how an unmediated study of this classic document made possible by the rise of the sourcecritical approach is a fruitful procedure. This will be shown through establishing a link between this unmediated approach and two of the classic issues in the thought of Muslim political thinkers: the questions of the relationship between Islam and citizenship and of the place of religious law in a Muslim political order.

DergiPark (Istanbul University), 2022

Studies on state involve a broad historical spectrum beginning from prehistorical political units to modern nation-states. In this context, social contract is accepted as a concept of modern world, in connection with emerging of the nation state, and it is shaped in a culture mainly within the states in Europe and America which have Christian majority in population. However, historical facts indicate that in the course of the history, examples of social contracts also existed before the modern nation-state era, and at different regions of the world. This study focuses on early Islamic states as an example of the said occurrences and aims to provide a brief overview of the state structure of them. Within this scope, considering the historical facts of the Prophet and Rashidun Caliphate era of the Islamic history, although the historical data related to the said period is scarce, the social contract which was enacted by the main social and religious groups of Medina in 622 provides adequate elements to understand the main structure of the state at a very basic level. Thus, it can be stated that the first Islamic state established in Medina was based on a social contract, had a constitution in its unique character, forming not a secular but a religious pluralistic state, created its unique legislative and judiciary structure, and the ruler was authorized with the explicit written consent of the governed. However, after the Rashidun Caliphate period, the Islamic state structure departed from its uniqueness and Islamic states became dynasties which had similarities to their contemporary governments.

Global Journal of HUMAN-SOCIAL SCIENCE: D History, Archaeology & Anthropology, 2020

The journey of Muslim civilization started from Arabian Peninsula during the 7th century AD. After a long age of inertia, an impetus o f regeneration thrived by which all kinds of racial and ethnic discrimination eliminated from Arab society. The founder of Islam prophet Muhammed disseminated the gospels of egalitarianism by counter ing century-old evil social order, challenged the dogma of violence, fostered education for women and slaves. Through the victory of Muslims over Mecca in 630 AD, the process of infant Islamic state began its shaping. Immediately, after the death of Muhammed his four legitimate heirs -Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique, Hazrat Uthman Gani, Hazrat Umar Faruq, Hazrat Ali is popularly known as the ‘Rushidun Caliphate’ by Sunni Islamic theology, continued the administration quietly based on prophetic doctrine. In the course of time, circumstances began to be altered with the hand of Umayyads and Abbasid Caliphate; few noticeable changes occurred, which turned the holy principles once abided by the four great Caliphs and Prophet himself.

In the first three or four years of Muhammad’s Prophetic mission, his followers were not numerous; they amounted to nearly forty believers. Only the ordinary people were sympathetic, the rich merchants were hesitant. Yet even they were not completely opposing him, they saw the danger that through his contact with a supernatural source he would gain authority and a wide public support if he became politically minded. He might even be able to revive the unity against Makhzum and its associated clans. Also, there was a threat – not an immediate one, but a future one – to the political power and influence of the rich merchants in Muhammad serious claim to receive revelations from God. Deep in the Arab heart was the feeling that the best man to rule a tribe or clan was the man who was outstanding in wisdom, prudence and judgment. If they accepted Muhammad’s claim, would they not also have to admit in the long run that he was the man best suited to direct all the affairs of Mecca?

İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2020

Bu makale, en az iki hakem tarafından incelenmiş ve intihal içermediği teyit edilmiştir. / This article has been reviewed by at least two referees and confirmed to include no plagiarism.

2016