EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURES

—In Ethiopia, number of roads are constructed from time to time. A number of road networks are increased over time. The historical data of completed road projects shows that no one of the projects were completed as planned and within the estimated cost. No considerable improvement had occurred over time. The objective of this study is to assess the existing system and to identify the factors that affect time and cost overrun in Addis Ababa road projects. This is done based on wide literature review. Findings of this journal will help clients, contractors, consultants and any other concerned bodies to consider and give priorities for better road construction performance in the future.

The purpose of this research is to assess causes and effects of cost and time overruns in construction projects. This study is descriptive, designed to obtain views from, consulting firms, regulatory boards and construction firms in regard to causes and effects of cost and time overruns in construction projects in India. The main aim of this paper is to identify the major reasons for cost overruns in construction projects in India as well as the critical success factors that are helping to avoid the cost overruns. For this, the existing literature is reviewed and critical success factors are identified. Based on them, survey questions and interview questions are prepared. The findings supported the proposed hypothesis, i.e., lack of certain critical success factors leads to cost overruns in construction projects in India. They also confirmed the proposed proactive and reactive strategies of some researchers. The effective critical success factors include appropriate planning in the initial stages, skills of contractors and architects, good relationship and regular coordination among client and contractor, and early contribution of contractor with the project. The ideal methods that help to reduce cost overruns include efficient planning, proper management of site and supervision of the project, suitable planning and arrangement of project, proper methods for construction, regular meetings on development of the project, and hiring proficient subcontractors and suppliers KEYWORDS: construction time and cost overrun, causes and questionier.

The cost overrun of infrastructure projects potentially poses significant financial risks to the investment parties involved. Substantial cost overrun has been identified in infrastructureproject data from across 20 nations in five continents. Studies, in fact, show that the average cost overrun of infrastructure projects presents substantial fiscal risk (Flybjerg & COWI, 2004; Flybjerg et. al., 2009). Yet, over the last several decades, the magnitude of cost overrun of infrastructure projects has failed to improve, suggesting that no significant learning has occurred in mitigating its detrimental effects.

Time overruns and Cost overruns has been a major issue in many Indian construction projects. The successful execution of construction projects and keeping them within prescribed schedule and cost is very important for effective time performance and cost performance. This research work is carried out on studying significant factors causing Time overruns and Cost overruns in Indian construction projects. A valid questionnaire for the survey was developed based on factors for time overruns and factors for cost overruns identified from literature review. These factors are grouped into 12 categories for time overruns and 8 categories for cost overruns and distributed to Contractors, Consultants, and Owners of Indian construction Industry. The data from the questionnaire was analyzed statistically. Relative important index method was used to found out the most significant factors affecting Time and Cost overruns. The result accomplished from the survey revealed that the major cause for time overruns are material market rate, contract modification, and high level of quality requirement and the major cause for cost overruns are high transportation cost, change in material specification, and escalation of materials price. The study findings highlight the significant factors and some recommendations are given to control time and cost overruns in Indian construction Industry.

This paper presents a state of the art review of major and frequently occurred cost overrun factors and project cost risk assessment models in construction projects. Construction industries play an important role in economic growth and development of any country. Recently it has witnessed that a large number of construction projects are facing the problem of cost overrun due to some factors. These factors are associated with some form of risk and uncertainty of the project. Therefore, project cost risk assessment is an important step for making decision in construction projects. Findings from the review are presented in form of tables and charts that classify cost overrun factors, ranking of the cost overrun factors.

International journal of project management, 2006

A survey on time performance of different types of construction projects in Saudi Arabia was conducted to determine the causes of delay and their importance according to each of the project participants, i.e., the owner, consultant and the contractor. The field survey conducted included 23 contractors, 19 consultants, and 15 owners. Seventy-three causes of delay were identified during the research. 76% of the contractors and 56% of the consultants indicated that average of time overrun is between 10% and 30% of the original duration. The most common cause of delay identified by all the three parties is ''change order''. Surveys concluded that 70% of projects experienced time overrun and found that 45 out of 76 projects considered were delayed.

Delay in timely completion is one of the main issues in public sector construction projects of developing countries. Time overrun can be defined as "a condition where a construction project does not complete within the designed schedule". Different stakeholders are responsible for delay in construction projects. This paper provides a conceptual framework to overcome this issue. Two important kinds of time overrun are considered in this study for developing the frame-work: one is excusable delay and second is non-excusable delay. Based on the frame-work it identifies the critical factors causing time overrun. This study is aimed to help the industry practitioners in taking necessary measures for avoiding delay in public Sector construction projects.

Journal Paper indexed in DOAJ, WolrdCat, OAIster, 2011

Cost is the fundamental component for any construction project. However, cost overrun is observed as one of the most frequently occurring issues in construction projects worldwide and need to be studied more to alleviate this issue in the future. This trend is more severe in developing countries where these overruns sometimes exceeds 100% of the anticipated cost of the project.

It is widely accepted that a project is successful when it is finished on time but unfortunately, due to many reasons, in Afghanistan a large number of construction projects fail to meet their original contact time. Construction delays are the most serious problems which send bad signals to foreign investors thereby slowing down the national development. A comprehensive survey; therefore, on time performance of various construction projects was carried out to identify the critical factors that cause construction delays in Afghanistan.