കുന്തീസ്തുതി (Kunteestuti)

Samskrta Bharati: Indus Script Dictionary, Epigraphia Mlecchita Vikalpa, 'Meluhha cipher' • Paperback: 372 pages $15.99 • Publisher: Sarasvati Research Center (March 7, 2016) • Language: English • ISBN-10: 0991104862 • ISBN-13: 978-0991104864 • Product Dimensions: 7 x 0.8 x 10 inches • Shipping Weight: 1.8 pounds S Kalyanaraman (Author) This is Volume 5 in a quintet on Indus Script: 1. Indus Script Cipher -- Hieroglyhphs of Indian Linguistic Area (2010) 2. Indus Script: Meluhha metalwork hieroglyphs (2014) 3. Philosophy of Symbolic forms in Meluhha cipher (2014) 4. Cultural History of Bharatam Janam – Indus Script metalwork catalogs (2016) 5. Samskrta Bharati – Indus Script Dictionary, Epigraphia Mlecchita Vikalpa, ‘Meluhha cipher’ (2016) Provides the method for making of Indus Script Dictionary matching hieroglyphs and meanings, traces the continuum of the writing system on artifacts of historical periods in the framework of Samskrta Bharati, language of a civilization of Bharatam Janam. Sanchi, Bharhut torana Indus Script hieroglyphs proclaim mint, metal engraving work. Samskrta Bhāratī संस्कृत भारती is a tribute to Bharatam Janam who have contributed significantly to the evolution of an industrial revolution demonstrated by the metallurgical excellence of artisans, lapidaries and metalcaster people. Bhāratī (vāk) is the language, lingua franca (common language, vehicular language) of Bharatam Janam, an expression used in Rigveda by Rishi Visvamitra signifying metalcaster people. This Bhāratī (vāk) is derived from Samskrtam which is par excellence reconstruction of the lingua francaof Bharatam Janam. This reconstruction of Samskrta Bhāratī संस्कृत भारती is a cultural reality, unparalleled in the annals of civilization and is documented in over one million manuscripts constituting a monumental body of literary resources of nighantus, धातुपाठ dhātupātha . The catalogus catalogorum includes complementary works of unsurpassed brilliance of Panini, Hemacandra, Bharata, Yaska, Patanjali, Bhartrhari, Tolkappiyan, Kautilya, Pingala, Nagarjuna and thousands of savants who have devoted their life-times to the study and veneration of Bhāratī (vāk) as brahman, a divine dispensation of paramātman, as vāgdevi derived from [√vac]. The recognition of [√vac] vāk as central to the enquiries in knowledge systems leads to the personification of this expression as a Divinity, resulting in the Rigveda Sukta venerating राष्ट्री rASTrI, the feminine form of राष्ट्रं बाहुबलाश्रितम् Ms.9.255, ‘dependent on’. She is (वाग्देवता, वाग्देवी), she is saṅgamanī vasūnām ‘the path for moving/transporting wealth’. The samskrti of Bharatam finds expression in this metaphor of राष्ट्री Bhāratī (vāk) is राष्ट्री because, every phenomenon in the universe is explained by s’abdabrahman. A civilization which was wonderstruck by the phenomena of mere earth and stone –dagoba or dhAtugarbha-- getting transformed into metal of utility value through the messenger (purohitam) of fire and intervention by the artificers, results in chandas, a musical, prosodic inquiry into the cosmic dance, theताण्डव नृत्यम् as a metaphor for that चषाल, that octagonal brick embellished with सुदर्शन चक्र signifying the transformation processes from Being to Becoming. The multi-layered metaphors of rudra-s’iva and sudars’ana fuse into paramAtman and the inquiry becomes a quest to unite the Atman with the paramAtman. This is the Samskriti, exemplified in langue expression as Samskrtam, the weltanschuaangelaborated in ancient texts, starting with Indus Script Corpora and iconographic metaphors in utsava beraउत्सवबेर. This is Bharata Nidhi, the treasure of Bharatam Janam. Archaeometallurgical enquiries have resulted in an understanding of the transformation processes involved in hardening soft metals – the processes of pyrolysis and carburization. चषाल, that octagonal brick is a metaphor which explains this process of infusing carbon through smoke from godhUma, wheat chaff into soft metal (e.g. mRdu‘wrought iron’) to produce ductile, but hard metal for sharp instruments such as blades, swords, sickles, axes, pots and pans, and other metallic objects of utility and exchange value. धातु--गर्भ [p= 513,3] m. (with Buddh..) is a receptacle for ashes or relics, a Dagaba or Dagoba (Sinhalese corruption of पालि Dhatu-gabbha) MWB. Xxxv (Monier-Williams). The stupa is a dhatu-gabbha and hence, venerated by the worshippers. धातु--पाठ [p= 514,1] m. " recital of grammatical roots " N. of an ancient list of roots ascribed to पाणिनि.dhātuḥ धातुः -पाठः a list of roots arranged according to Pāṇini's grammatical system (the most important of these lists called धातुपाठ being supposed to be the work of Pāṇini himself, as supplementary to his Sūtras). Decipherment of Indus Script (mlecchita vikalpa) is धातुपाठ, with rebus reading of the word dhAtu (element, ore, mineral) using Indus Script cipher of rebus mleccha, early Prakrtam, identifying early speech forms of meaningful words or sememes signified by hieroglyphs. Such veneration of dagoba, dhAtugarbha is evidenced by the Sit Samshi bronze, morning libations to Sun divinity, as Meluhha metalwork with Indus writing hieroglyphs transmitted along the Tin Road of Antiquity. The morning libations occur in front of a dagoba, a ziggurat. The shape is comparable to the shape of yupa found in Kalibangan fire-altar or yajna kunda. Maquette d'un lieu de culte, dite le Sit-shamshi ou "(cérémonie du) lever du soleil" XIIe siècle avant J.-C. Suse, Tell de l'Acropole Bronze Fouilles J. de Morgan 1904 - 1905 Département des Antiquités orientales Sb 2743 Plateau de bronze représentant un haut lieu comparable à ceux qu'utilisaient les Cananéens. A côté des prêtres accoupis sont dressés des stèles, des bassins et un bosquet sacré.http://louvre.suzie.fr/pages/sb2743.html I suggest that this bronze model signifies through Indus Script hieroglyphs the सन्ध्यावन्दनम् sandhyAvandanam to Sun divinity by Bharatam Janam, metalaster people Pointing to this photograph of an object, Gian Pietro Basello quizzes: "Do you know this object? I hope so. It is perhaps the most stimulating object found in the entire Ancient Near East, even if handbooks on Mesopotamian art do not talk much about it. It is a three-dimensional bronze model whose base measures about 60X40 cm, excavated in the 1904-1905 campaign by the French mission at Susa. The scene is focused on two squatted human figures: one stretches its hands out, the other seems to be pouring water over them from a jug. Around them, there are possibly some kinds of altars, a large vessel, two basins, a stela and three trunks of trees. This act, perhaps a cultic scene which took place in the second half of the 12th century BCE, was fixed for eternity by will of Silhak-Insusinak (1140-1120 BCE), king of Ansan and Susa, according to the short inscription in a corner of the base."http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/01/sit-shamshi-bronze-morning-libations-to.html The expression is derived from भारती N. of a deity (in RV. often invoked among the आप्री deities and esp. together with इला and सरस्वती accord. to Nir. viii , 13 a daughter of आदित्य ; later identified with सरस्वती , the divinity of speech) RV. &c; speech , voice , word , eloquence , literary composition , dramatic art or recitation MBh.Ka1v. &c; the Samskrta speech of an actor L. Classifying language as divine, the Rigveda presents an extraordinary sukta rendered as a soliloquy by Vagdevi, the divinity of speech. भारती-इतिहासः, -कथा the story of the Bhāratas (महाभारत). -मण्डलम्, -वर्षम् India (Apte. Samskrtam) . The objective of this work is to correct the distortions caused by a false hypothesis which emerged as a ‘linguistic doctrine’ that the explanation for the formation and evolution of Samskrta Bhāratī संस्कृत भारतीcan be explained by ‘Aryan invasion’. There are alternative explanations possible to explain the formation and evolution of Samskrta Bhāratī संस्कृत भारती as a kaleidoscope of vāk or parole. In Bhartiya tradition vāk is divine, sacred and venerated in the worship of Sarasvati on two days every year: 1. on vasanta pancami day and 2. on ayudhapuja day during Navaratri (Dusserah). This pan-bharatiya cultural reality celebrated in kumbhamela every 12 years as the sangamam (confluence) of Rivers Ganga, Yamuna and Sarasvati, provides a framework for further studies in the cultural history of Bharatam Janam, complementing the stellar work done in understanding the reality of Vedic River Sarasvati which had protected and nurtured Sarasvati’s children, the Bharatam Janam.

In view of the unique expression attested in Pashto dialect, and reading two earlier monographs together, the following conclusions are drawn from a review of Indus Script Corpora which now exceed 8000 inscriptions: 1. Most frequent Indus Script expression signifies, 'wealth-accounting ledger of blacksmith,scribe'; 2. most frequent hypertext ' 'unicorn' signifies the blacksmith's professional title: کار کنده kār-kunda, 'manager scribe'. کار کنده kār-kunda shown on Harappa h179 tablet. His head-dress is kūdī 'bunch of twigs' (Sanskrit) which signifies Rebus: kuṭhi 'smelter furnace' (Santali) कूदी f. a bunch of twigs , bunch (v.l. कूट्/ई) AV. v , 19 , 12 Kaus3.ccord. to Kaus3. , Sch. = बदरी, "Christ's thorn".(Monier-Williams)The bunch of twigs = ku_di_, ku_t.i_ (Skt.lex.) ku_di_ (also written as ku_t.i_ in manuscripts) occurs in the Atharvaveda (AV 5.19.12) and Kaus’ika Su_tra (Bloomsfield’s ed.n, xliv. cf. Bloomsfield, American Journal of Philology, 11, 355; 12,416; Roth, Festgruss an Bohtlingk,98) denotes it as a twig. This is identified as that of Badari_, the jujube tied to the body of the dead to efface their traces. (See Vedic Index, I, p. 177).[Note the twig adoring the head-dress of a horned, standing person]. This is an addendum to: 1. खर-अंशुः 'Soma, metaphor of wealth, of sun's rays'. Meluhha Indus Script Citragupta 'pictographic cipher' expressions 1) lohakaraṇika 'metal engraver', 2) khār karṇī kharaḍā 'blacksmith, supercargo, engraver, daybook (of metalwork)'. https://tinyurl.com/y37svtye 2.Unicorn, Indus Script hypertext kunda-kara karaṇī is a goldsmith, smelter blacksmith, lapidary, supercargo, scribe https://tinyurl.com/y5wneaqr کار کنده kār-kunda 'manager, director, adroit, clever, experienced' (Pashto) This Pashto expression finds mention on two distinct categories of Indus Script Corpora: 2.The most frequent expression of Indus Script Corpora is a text composed of three signs: This expression occurs on h1997A tablet. From r. to l.: 1. Hieroglyph: khāra 2 खार 'backbone, spine' rebus: khār खार् । 'blacksmith' 2. Hieroglyph: karṇīka, kanka 'rim of jar' rebus: kaṇḍa kanka 'smelting furnace account (scribe), karṇī, supercargo' 3. khareḍo 'a currycomb (Gujarati) Rebus: karaḍā खरडें 'daybook, wealth-accounting ledger'. Rebus: kharādī ' turner' (Gujarati) Thus, together, the message reads: khār karṇī karaḍā 'blacksmith, scribe, daybook' or 'wealth-accounting ledger of blacksmith,scribe'. 1. On the hypertext signified by the 'one-horned young bull'. It has been noted that the 'unicorn' is an Indus Script hypertext signifying kunda-kara karaṇī. This has to be modified to signify کار کنده kār-kunda karaṇī 'manager goldsmith,smelter blacksmith,lapidary, supercargo,scribe (cf. the monograph at https://tinyurl.com/y5wneaqr) This monograph reconstructs two ancient Meluhha (Indian sprachbund, 'language union') expressions which signify wealth-accounting for a nation by merchant-/artisan-guilds of Sarasvati Civilization. Cognates of the word khār has two meanings: 1. blacksmith; 2. खर-अंशुः the sun. अंशुः is a synonym of Soma and is cognate with ancu.'iron' (Tocharian). The processing of Soma or अंशुः is the central, sacred metaphor of R̥gveda. Image result for gold pectoral bharatkalyan97Image result for gold pectoral bharatkalyan97m1656 Pectoral. Gold Pendant. Harappa. National Museum, New Delhi Sun's rays arka 'sun, rays of sun' rebus: arka 'copper, gold' eraka 'moltencast'. Orthography of the young bull clearly shows sun’s rays on the belly of the bovine. अंशु m. a filament (especially of the सोम plant); a kind of सोम libation (शतपथ-ब्राह्मण); a ray , sunbeam; end of a thread , a minute particle; a point, end (Monier-Williams); aṃśuḥ अंशुः [अंश्-मृग˚ कु.] 1 A ray, beam of light; चण्ड˚, घर्मं˚ hot-rayed the sun; सूर्यांशुभिर्भिन्नमिवारविन्दम् Ku.1.32; Iustre, brilliance चण्डांशुकिरणाभाश्च हाराः Rām.5.9.48; Śi.1.9. रत्न˚, नख˚ &c. -2 A point or end. -3 A small or minute particle. - 4 End of a thread. -5 A filament, especially of the Soma plant (Ved.) -6 Garment; decoration. -7 N. of a sage or of a prince. -8 Speed, velocity (वेग). -9 Fine thread -Comp. -उदकम् dew-water. -जालम् a collection of rays, a blaze or halo of light. -धरः -पतिः -भृत्-बाणः -भर्तृ-स्वामिन् the sun, (bearer or lord of rays). -पट्टम् a kind of silken cloth (अंशुना सूक्ष्मसूत्रेणयुक्तं पट्टम्); सश्रीफलैरंशुपट्टम् Y. 1.186; श्रीफलैरंशुपट्टानां Ms.5.12. -माला a garland of light, halo. -मालिन् m. [अंशवो मालेव, ततः अस्त्यर्थे इनि] 1 the sun (wreathed with, surrounded by, rays). -2 the number twelve. -हस्तः [अंशुः हस्त इव यस्य] the sun (who draws up water from the earth by means of his 1 hands in the form of rays)(Apte). अंशुः, पुं, (अंशयति इति अंश विभाजने । मृग-ष्वादित्वात् कुः ।) किरणः ॥ प्रभा ॥ इति मेदि-नी ॥ वेशः ॥ इति धरणी ॥ सूत्रादिसूक्ष्मांशः ।इति हेमचन्द्रः ॥ लेशः ॥ सूर्य्यः ॥ इति विश्वः ॥(ऋषिविशेषः । लतावयवः । सोमलतावयवः ।भागः ।) https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/शब्दकल्पद्रुमः अंशु पु० अंश--मृग० कु । किरणे सूत्रे सूक्ष्मांशे प्रकाशेप्रभायां वेगे च “अंशवोऽत्र पतिता रवेः किमु”? इत्युद्भटः“सूर्य्यांशुभिर्भिन्नमिवारविन्दमिति” कुमा० । तत्र स्वपर-प्रकाशकस्य तेजःपदार्थस्य समन्तात् प्रसृतः स्पर्शयोग्यःकिञ्चिन्निविडः सूक्ष्मांशविशेषः किरणः, स च प्रायशःसूर्य्यस्य, तस्य तेजसा प्रदीप्तचन्द्रादेश्च । तदपेक्षया अल्प-स्थानप्रसारी किञ्चिद्विरलः स्पर्शायोग्यः तेजःसूक्ष्मांशःप्रभा, सा च रत्नादिवस्तुनः । चन्द्रादेस्तु अन्यापेक्षयाऽधिक-प्रसृतत्वात् किरणसम्भवः अतएव तत्र शीतांशुः सितकिरणइत्यादिप्रयोगः । स्पर्शयोग्यः तेजःपदार्थस्य किरणादपिनिविडः सूक्ष्मांशः आतपः, किरणापेक्षया अतिविरल-प्रसारी स्पर्शायोग्यः परप्रकाशसाधनमतिसूक्ष्मांशविशेषःआलोकः । प्रभायाम् आलोके वा न र्शोऽनुभूयते ।तत्र अंशुशब्दस्य किरणवाचित्वे सहस्रांशुः उष्णांशुःशीतांशुरित्यादयः । प्रभापरत्वे रत्नांशुः नखांशुरित्या-दयः । अजस्रमाश्रावितवल्लकीगुणक्षतोज्ज्वलाङ्गुष्ठनखांशु-भिन्नयेति” “द्विजावलीबालनिशाकरांशुभिरिति” चमाघः । सूत्रांशपरत्वे अंशुकं पट्टांशुकं चीना-शुकमित्यादयः । प्रकाशपरत्वे उपांशु उपहृतप्रकाश-त्वाच्चास्य गुप्तत्वं प्रतीयते तच्चार्थिकम् । सूक्ष्मविभागपरत्वेप्रांशुः प्रोन्नतावयवत्वा च्चास्य दीर्घत्वं प्रतीयते तच्चा-र्थिकम् इति । https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/वाचस्पत्यम् This is an addendum to: 1. Uniquely ligatured ficus hieroglyph signifies lohakāra 'coppersmith, ironsmith' (Pali) lohakaraṇika 'metal engraver' https://tinyurl.com/y3sdsz7g 2. Citragupta, accountant, kāyastha 'merchant-guilds' on sculptues signify Indus Script hypertexts, signifiers of wealth-accounting https://tinyurl.com/y3dwju97 Sign 327V326 (Orthographic variants of Sign 326) V327 (Orthographic variants of Sign 327) loa = a species of fig tree, ficus glomerata, the fruit of ficus glomerata(Santali) Vikalpa: kamaṛkom ‘ficus’ (Santali); rebus: kampaṭṭam ‘mint’ (Ta.) patra ‘leaf’ (Skt.); rebus: paṭṭarai ‘workshop’ (Ta.) Rebus: lo ‘iron’ (Assamese, Bengali); loa ‘iron’ (Gypsy) lauha = made of copper or iron (Gr.S'r.); metal, iron (Skt.); lohakāra = coppersmith, ironsmith (Pali); lohāra = blacksmith (Pt.); lohal.a (Or.); loha = metal, esp. copper or bronze (Pali); copper (VS.); loho, lo_ = metal, ore, iron (Si.) loha luṭi = iron utensils and implements (Santali) Analogous to the reading of the expression of Sign 327 as lohakaraṇika 'metal engraver', it is possible to interpret the most frequently used Indus Script expression as khār karṇī kharaḍā 'blacksmith, supercargo, engraver,daybook (of metalwork)'. Etymology of Khar from Sanskrit "Svar", meaning Sun, which changes in northwestern Indian languages to "Khar". खर khara खर a. [opp. मृदु, श्लक्ष्ण, द्रव) 1 Hard, rough, solid-Comp. खर-अंशुः, -करः, -रश्मिः the sun (Apte). खर--मयूख = खरा* ंशु "hot-rayed" , the sun (धूर्तनर्तक)(Monier-Williams)

वास्तव रूपवाणी, 2008

An evaluation (in Marathi) of the classic from French Cinema Les Enfants du paradis, directed by Marcel Carné and written by the poet Jacques Prévert. The film is considered a chef-d'œuvre of French Poetic Realism.

Binjor Yupa of Sarasvati Vaidika civilization is yajñasya ketu (RV 3.8.8), a proclamation emblem of performance of a Soma Samsthā yajña. Such a yajña yields bahusuvarṇakam; 'many gold pieces' and thus, a wealth-producing metallurgical enterprise performed with śraddhā, 'dedication, devotion' and prayers. The evidence of yajñakuṇḍa PLUS epigraphs conclusively establish the link of Sarasvati Civilization with Veda traditions and brilliant metallurgical contributions of the Bronze Age made by artisans of the Civilization. Consistent with the purport of Indus Script Corpora, the epigraphs constitute data archives of wealth-production by metallurgists. The Binjor Yupa is अष्टा* श्रि [p= 117,1] mfn. having eight corners S'Br. The octagonal shape provides for श्री [p= 1098,2] (= √1. श्रि) , to burn , flame , diffuse light RV. i , 68 , 1; f. (prob. to be connected with √1. श्रि and also with √1. श्री in the sense of " diffusing light or radiance " ; nom. श्र्/ईस् accord. to some also श्री) light , lustre , radiance , splendour , glory , beauty , grace , loveliness (श्रिय्/ए and श्रिय्/ऐ , " for splendour or beauty " , " beauteously " , " gloriously " cf. श्रिय्/असे ; du. श्रियौ , " beauty and prosperity " ; श्रिय आत्मजाः , " sons of beauty "i.e. horses [cf. श्री-पुत्र] ; श्रियः पुत्राः , " goats with auspicious marks ") RV. &c; prosperity , welfare , good fortune , success , auspiciousness , wealth , treasure , riches (श्रिया , " according to fortune or wealth ") , high rank , power , might , majesty , royal dignity (or " Royal dignity " personified ; श्रियो भाजः , " possessors of dignity " , " people of high rank ") AV. &c; N. of लक्ष्मी (as goddess of prosperity or beauty and wife of विष्णु , produced at the churning of the ocean , also as daughter of भृगु and as mother of दर्प) S3Br. &c; mfn. diffusing light or radiance , splendid , radiant , beautifying , adorning (ifc. ; » अग्नि- , अध्वर- , क्षत्र- , गण- , जन-श्री &c ) RV. iv , 41 , 8. [The word श्री is frequently used as an honorific prefix (= " sacred " , " holy ") to the names of deities (e.g. श्री-दुर्गा , श्री-राम) , and may be repeated two , three , or even four times to express excessive veneration. (e.g. श्री-श्री-दुर्गा &c ) ; it is also used as a respectful title (like " Reverend ") to the names of eminent persons as well as of celebrated works and sacred objects (e.g. श्री-जयदेव , श्रीभागवत) , and is often placed at the beginning or back of letters , manuscripts , important documents &c ; also before the words चरण and पाद " feet " , and even the end of personal names.] The Seven Mother Goddesses (Matrikas) Flanked by Shiva-Virabhadra and Ganesha, Lord of Obstacles. India, Madhya Pradesh, 9th century Sculpture Red sandstone Gift of Paul F. Walter (LACMA M.80.157) South and Southeast Asian Art 9th century.10 1/2 x 35 1/4 x 5 in. (26.67 x 89.53 x 12.7 cm) Shiva (leftmost) with the Matrikas: (from left) Brahmani, Maheshvari, Kaumari, Vaishnavi, Varahi, Indrani, Chamunda Saptamatrika with Ganesha, at Panchalingeshvara temple in Karnataka. aṣṭāśri Octagonal shape of the Śivalinga Rudra bhāga signifies aṣṭadhātu. Deified as metaphors of divine aṣṭamātṛkā, signifiers of 'eight forms of wealth' (together associated with Gaṇeśa, signifier of tri-dhātu, 'three ferrite ores: magnetite, haematite, laterite -- and also Śiva-vīrabhadra associated with Yupa and caṣāla (godhuma, wheat chaff smoke, infusing carbon into metals in furnaces.) अष्ट [p= 116,2] mfn. ( √ अक्ष् ; cf. निर्- √अक्ष्) " marked , branded " , only in comp. with -कर्ण; aṣṭan अष्टन् num. a. [अश-व्याप्तौ कनिन् तुट् च Uṇ.1.154.] (nom., acc. अष्ट-ष्टौ) Eight. It often occurs in comp. as अष्टा with numerals and some other nouns; as अष्टादशन्, अष्टाविंशतिः, अष्टापद &c. [cf. L. octo; Gr. okto; Zend astani Pers. hasht.].-धातुः the eight metals taken collectively; स्वर्णं रूप्यं च ताम्रं च रङ्गं यशदमेव च । शीसं लौहं रसश्चेति धातवो$ष्टौ प्रकीर्किताः ॥ -लोहकम् a class of 8 metals; सुवर्णं रजतं ताम्रं सीसकं कान्तिकं तथा । वङ्गं लौहं तीक्ष्णलौहं लौहान्यष्टाविमानि तु ॥ -मातृकाः ब्राह्मी, माहेश्वरी, कौमारी, वैष्णवी, वाराही, इन्द्राणी, कौबेरी, and चामुण्डा. -मुद्राः सुरभी, चक्र, ध्यान, योनि, कूर्म, पङ्कज, लिङ्ग and निर्याण. Indus Script epigraphs/inscriptions of Binjor poḷa 'bos indicus, zebu' rebus: poḷa 'magnetite, ferrite ore' Binjor seal. Decipherment: Fish + scales, aya ã̄s (amśu) cognate ancu 'iron' (Tocharian) ‘metallic stalks of stone ore’. ayo 'fish' rebus: aya 'iron' (Gujarati) ayas 'metal alloy (Rgveda) Vikalpa 1: khambhaṛā 'fish fin' rebus: Ta. kampaṭṭam coinage, coin. Ma. kammaṭṭam, kammiṭṭam coinage, mint. Ka. kammaṭa id.; kammaṭi a coiner. (DEDR 1236) Vikalpa 2: badhoṛ ‘a species of fish with many bones’ (Santali) Rebus: baḍhoe ‘a carpenter, worker in wood’; badhoria ‘expert in working in wood’(Santali) gaṇḍa 'four' Rebus: khaṇḍa 'metal implements' Together with cognate ancu 'iron' the message is: native metal implements. Thus, the hieroglyph multiplex reads: aya ancu khaṇḍa 'metallic iron alloy implements'. koḍi ‘flag’ (Ta.)(DEDR 2049). Rebus 1: koḍ ‘workshop’ (Kuwi) Rebus 2: khŏḍ m. ‘pit’, khö̆ḍü f. ‘small pit’ (Kashmiri. CDIAL 3947) pōlaḍu 'black drongo' rebus: polad 'steel. See painted Nausharo pot with zebu + black drongo: A seal-cum-pendant, made out of steatite. The hieroglyphs are: Squirrel, wild ass, goat. *śrēṣṭrī1 ʻ clinger ʼ. [√śriṣ1]Phal. šē̃ṣṭrĭ̄ ʻ flying squirrel ʼ?(CDIAL 12723) Rebus: guild master khāra, 'squirrel', rebus: khār खार् 'blacksmith' (Kashmiri). *śrēṣṭrī1 ʻ clinger ʼ. [√śriṣ1] Phal. šē̃ṣṭrĭ̄ ʻ flying squirrel ʼ? (CDIAL 12723) Rebus: śrēṣṭhin m. ʻ distinguished man ʼ AitBr., ʻ foreman of a guild ʼ, °nī -- f. ʻ his wife ʼ Hariv. [śrḗṣṭha -- ] Pa. seṭṭhin -- m. ʻ guild -- master ʼ, Dhp. śeṭhi, Pk. seṭṭhi -- , siṭṭhi -- m., °iṇī -- f.; S. seṭhi m. ʻ wholesale merchant ʼ; P. seṭh m. ʻ head of a guild, banker ʼ,seṭhaṇ, °ṇī f.; Ku.gng. śēṭh ʻ rich man ʼ; N. seṭh ʻ banker ʼ; B. seṭh ʻ head of a guild, merchant ʼ; Or. seṭhi ʻ caste of washermen ʼ; Bhoj. Aw.lakh. sēṭhi ʻ merchant, banker ʼ, H. seṭh m., °ṭhan f.; G. śeṭh, śeṭhiyɔ m. ʻ wholesale merchant, employer, master ʼ. khara Equus hemionus, 'Indian wild ass' Rebus: khār ‘blacksmith’ (Kashmiri) mlekh 'goat' rebus: milakkhu 'copper' mlecha ‘copper’ A seal-cum-pendant, made out of steatite. A seal-cum-pendant, made out of steatite, found in the "key trench" at 4MSR. One one side are engravings of figures of a dog, a mongoose and, perhaps, a goat. On the other are the figures of a frog and a deer. The pendant belongs to the Early Harappan period (3000-2600 BCE). The pendant, with a knob-like projection at the top, had a hole too for a cord to pass through so that it could be worn around the neck [Credit: V. Vedachalam] Hieroglyph: Kur. mūxā frog. Malt. múqe id. / Cf. Skt. mūkaka- id. (DEDR 5023) Rebus: mū̃h 'ingot'. muhã 'quantity of metal produced at one time in a native smelting furnace.'. miṇḍā́l 'markhor' (CDIAL 10310) Rebus: meḍ (Ho.); mẽṛhet 'iron' (Munda.Ho.). med ‘copper’ (Slavic) Santali glosses. Binjor. Potsherd with painted saffloweer. karaḍā 'safflower'.करडी [ karaḍī ] id. rebus: kaaraḍā 'hard alloy' (Marathi) Allograph: The bird hieroglyph: karaḍa करण्ड m. a sort of duck L. కారండవము (p. 0274) [ kāraṇḍavamu ] kāraṇḍavamu. [Skt.] n. A sort of duck. (Telugu) karaṭa1 m. ʻ crow ʼ BhP., °aka -- m. lex. [Cf. karaṭu -- , karkaṭu -- m. ʻ Numidian crane ʼ, karēṭu -- , °ēṭavya -- , °ēḍuka -- m. lex., karaṇḍa2 -- m. ʻ duck ʼ lex: see kāraṇḍava -- ]Pk. karaḍa -- m. ʻ crow ʼ, °ḍā -- f. ʻ a partic. kind of bird ʼ; S. karaṛa -- ḍhī˜gu m. ʻ a very large aquatic bird ʼ; L. karṛā m., °ṛī f. ʻ the common teal ʼ.(CDIAL 2787) Rebus: karaḍā 'hard alloy' dāṭu 'cross' rebus: dhatu = mineral (Santali) Hindi. dhāṭnā 'to send out, pour out, cast (metal)' PLUS koḍa 'one' Rebus: koḍ 'workshop'. Thus, mineral (metal) casting workshop. Parallels from other examples of Indus Script Corpora A zebu bullA zebu bull tied to a post; a bird above. Large painted storage jar discovered in burned rooms at Nausharo, ca. 2600 to 2500 BCE. See Susa pot with zebu + fish + black drongo: Below the rim of the storage pot, the contents are described in Sarasvati Script hieroglyphs/hypertexts: 1. Flowing water; 2. fish with fin; 3. aquatic bird tied to a rope Rebus readings of these hieroglyphs/hypertexts signify metal implements from the Meluhha mint. Clay storage pot discovered in Susa (Acropole mound), ca. 2500-2400 BCE (h. 20 ¼ in. or 51 cm). Musee du Louvre. Sb 2723 bis (vers 2450 avant J.C.) The hieroglyphs and Meluhha rebus readings on this pot from Meluhha are: 1. kāṇḍa 'water' rebus: khāṇḍā 'metal equipment'; 2. aya, ayo 'fish' rebus: aya 'iron' ayas 'metal alloy'; khambhaṛā 'fish fin' rebus: kammaṭ a 'mint, coiner, coinage' 3. pōlaḍu 'black drongo' rebus: polad 'steel. Vikalpa: करड m. a sort of duck -- f. a partic. kind of bird ; S. karaṛa -ḍhī˜gu m. a very large aquatic bird (CDIAL 2787) karaṇḍa‘duck’ (Samskrtam) rebus: karaḍā 'hard alloy'; PLUS 4. meṛh 'rope tying to post, pillar’ rebus meḍ‘iron’ med ‘copper’ (Slavic)

Repeated references in Ṛgveda to work of artisans finds expression in the Sūktams of विश्व--कर्मन्, also named भौमन. Viśvakarma Temple at Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh Viśvakarma Temple, Lohgarh, Zirakpur (Near Chandigarh) Lord Krishna in the Golden City Dwarka built by Viśvakarma Lord Krishna in the Golden City from the Harivamsha (Geneology of Vishnu) Opaque watercolor and gold on paper H: 34.9 W: 23.2 cm India The painting represents the mythical city of Dwarka, where the blue-skinned Krishna, an incarnation of the Hindu God Vishnu, is enthroned on a golden palace and surrounded by his kinsmen. A pastoral scene in the foreground evokes a familiar village setting and a sense that the gods are present in everyday life. This manuscript was painted for the Mughal emperor Akbar (r. 1556–1605) who was quite interested in other religions. Akbar had translations made of major Hindu texts, including the Sanskrit epic the Mahabharata(Great Story of the Bharatas), known in its Persian translation as Razmnama (Book of Wars). This page is from a section appended to the Razmnama known as the Harivamsa (Genealogy of Vishnu), which narrates of the life of Krishna. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishvakarman#/media/File:Dwarka.jpg The role of Viśvakarma is consistent with the designation by Ṛṣi Viśvāmitra (RV 3.53.12) of Bhāratam Janam, an expression related to the following glosses, also attested in Sarasvati Script Corpora: bharatiyo 'caster of metals', bharat 'metal alloy'; भरत (p. 603) [ bharata ] n A factitious metal compounded of copper, pewter, tin &c.भरताचें भांडें (p. 603) [ bharatācē mbhāṇḍēṃ ] n A vessel made of the metal भरत. 2 See भरिताचें भांडें.भरती (p. 603) [ bharatī ] a Composed of the metal भरत. (Molesworth Marathi Dictionary).This gloss, bharata is denoted by the hieroglyphs: backbone, ox. Seal published by Omananda Saraswati. In Pl. 275: Omananda Saraswati 1975. Ancient Seals of Haryana (in Hindi). Rohtak. This pictorial motif gets normalized in Indus writing system as a hieroglyph sign: baraḍo = spine; backbone (Tulu) Rebus: baran, bharat ‘mixed alloys’ (5 copper, 4 zinc and 1 tin) (Punjabi) Tir. mar -- kaṇḍḗ ʻ back (of the body) ʼ; S. kaṇḍo m. ʻ back ʼ, L. kaṇḍ f., kaṇḍā m. ʻ backbone ʼ, awāṇ. kaṇḍ, °ḍī ʻ back ʼH. kã̄ṭā m. ʻ spine ʼ, G. kã̄ṭɔ m., M. kã̄ṭā m.; Pk. kaṁḍa -- m. ʻ backbone ʼ.(CDIAL 2670) Rebus: kaṇḍ ‘fire-altar’ (Santali) The hieroglyph ligature to convey the semantics of ‘bone’ and rebus reading is: ‘four short numeral strokes ligature’ |||| Numeral 4: gaṇḍa 'four' Rebus: kaṇḍa 'furnace, fire-altar' (Santali) bharatiyo = a caster of metals; a brazier; bharatar, bharatal, bharataḷ = moulded; an article made in a mould; bharata = casting metals in moulds; bharavum = to fill in; to put in; to pour into (Gujarati) bhart = a mixed metal of copper and lead; bhartīyā = a brazier, worker in metal; bhaṭ, bhrāṣṭra = oven, furnace (Sanskrit.) m1225a Side b: ‘svastika’ hieroglyph: Rebus: jasta, sattva , satthiya, zasath ‘zinc’PLUS ‘four’ strokes: |||| Numeral 4: gaṇḍa 'four' Rebus: kaṇḍa 'furnace, fire-altar' (Santali) PLUS | koḍa ‘one’ Rebus: koḍ ‘workshop’ Thus, zinc fire-altar, workshop Side a: balad m. ʻox ʼ, gng. bald, (Ku.) barad, id. (Nepali. Tarai) Rebus: bharat (5 copper, 4 zinc and 1 tin)(Punjabi)pattar ‘trough’ Rebus: pattar ‘guild, goldsmith’. Thus, copper-zinc-tin alloy (worker) guild. kanac ‘corner’ Rebus: kañcu ‘bronze’ (Telugu) dula ‘two’ Rebus: dul ‘cast metal’ kolom ‘three’ Rebus: kolami ‘smithy, forge’ Numeral || dula ‘two’ Rebus: dul ‘cast metal’ Numeral III kolom ‘three’ Rebus: kolami ‘smithy, forge’ kuṭila ‘bent’ CDIAL 3230 kuṭi— in cmpd. ‘curve’, kuṭika— ‘bent’ MBh. Rebus: kuṭila, katthīl = bronze (8 parts copper and 2 parts tin) kastīra n. ʻ tin ʼ lex.H. kathīr m. ʻtin, pewterʼ; G. kathīr n. ʻ pewter ʼ.2. H. (Bhoj.?) kathīl, °lā m. ʻ tin, pewter ʼ; M. kathīl n. ʻ tin ʼ, kathlẽ n. ʻ large tin vessel ʼ(CDIAL 2984) kaṇḍa kanka ‘rim of jar’ Rebus: karṇīka ‘account (scribe)’ karṇī ‘supercargo, helmsman’. kaṇḍa 'fire-altar'. भौमन [p= 768,3] m. N. of विश्वकर्मन् MBh. (prob. w.r. for भौवन).भौवन [p= 768,3] mfn. (fr. भुवन) belonging to the world AV. m. patr. of विश्व-कर्मन् (cf. भौमन) , of साधन &c VS. Br. BhP. भुवन [p= 760,3]n. a being , living creature , man , mankind RV. &c; (rarely m.) the world , earth ib. (generally 3 worlds are reckoned [see त्रि-भुवन and भुवन-त्रय] , but also 2 [see भुवन-द्वय] , or 7 [ MBh. xii , 6924] or 14 [ Bhartr2. ] ; cf. RTL. 102 n.1);place of being , abode , residence AV. S3Br.; m. of an आप्त्य (author of RV. x , 157) RAnukr.; m. of a teacher of योग Cat. विश्व--कर्मन् a [p= 992,3]mfn. accomplishing or creating everything RV. AV. Br. MBh. Hariv.; m. " all-doer , all-creator , all-maker " , N. of the divine creative architect or artist (said to be son of ब्रह्मा , and in the later mythology sometimes identified with त्वष्टृ q.v. , he is said to have revealed the स्थापत्यवेद q.v. , or fourth उप-वेद , and to preside over all manual labours as well as the sixty-four mechanical arts [whence he is worshipped by कारुs or artisans] ; in the Vedic mythology , however , the office of Indian Vulcan is assigned to त्वष्टृ as a distinct deity , विश्व-कर्मन् being rather identified with प्रजा-पति [ब्रह्मा] himself as the creator of all things and architect of the universe ; in the hymns RV. x , 81 ; 82 he is represented as the universal Father and Generator , the one all-seeing God , who has on every side eyes , faces , arms , and feet ; in Nir. x , 26 and elsewhere in the ब्राह्मणs he is called a son of भुवन , and विश्व-कर्मन् भौवन is described as the author of the two hymns mentioned above ; in the MBh. and Hariv. he is a son of the वसुप्रभास and योग-सिद्धा ; in the पुराणs a son of वास्तु , and the father of बर्हिष्मती and संज्ञा ; accord. to other authorities he is the husband of घृताची ; moreover , a doubtful legend is told of his having offered up all beings , including himself , in sacrifice ; the रामा*यण represents him as having built the city of लङ्का for the राक्षसs , and as having generated the ape नल , who made राम's bridge from the continent to the island ; the name विश्व-कर्मन् , meaning " doing all acts " , appears to be sometimes applicable as an epithet to any great divinity) RV. &c; m. of one of the seven principal rays of the sun (supposed to supply heat to the planet Mercury) VP.; m. (also with शास्त्रिन्) N. of various authors Cat. 10.157.01 May we, along with Indra and the universal gods, possess all these worlds. 10.157.02 May Indra with the A_dityas perfect our sacrifice and our bodies and our offspring. 10.157.03 May Indra with the A_dityas, and attended by the Maruts, be the protector of our bodies. 10.157.04 When the gods returned (home), after slaying the asuras, (then were) the deities protecting their divinity. 10.157.05 When (the worshippers) with their pious acts offered praise in honour (of the gods), then (men) beheld around them the swift descending rain. Griffith: RV 10.157 HYMN CLVII. Visvedevas. 157 1. WE will, with Indra and all Gods to aid us, bring these existing worlds into subjection. 2 Our sacrifice, our bodies, and our offspr. let Indra form together with Adityas. 3 With the Adityas, with the band of Maruts, may Indra be Protector of our bodies. 4 As when the Gods came, after they had slaughtered the Asuras, keeping safe their Godlike nature, 5 Brought the Sun hitherward with mighty powers, and looked about them on their vigorous Godhead. साधन [p= 1201,1]mf(ई or आ)n. leading straight to a goal , guiding well , furthering RV.;m. N. of the author of RV. x , 157 (having the patr. भौवन) Anukr.10.081.01 The r.s.i, the

baḍaga, varāha is venerated, worshipped as Veda puruṣa, yajñapuruṣa. On this Khajuraho monument, the caṣāla , ‘snout’ is sigified by the sacred Pratimā of Sarasvatī, embodiment of knowledge system. Circular working platforms: pavements:*prastarapaṭṭa ʻ stone slab ʼ. [prastará -- , paṭṭa -- 1]Ku. pathrauṭī f. ʻ pavement of slates and stones ʼ.(CDIAL 8858) prastará m. ʻ anything strewn, grass to sit on ʼ RV., ʻ flat surface ʼ Mn., ʻ (v.l. prastāra -- ) plain ʼ Hariv., ʻ rock, stone ʼ Hit. [√str̥]K. pathur, °thuru (dat. °tharas, °tharis) m. ʻ levelled area, bare floor ʼ, pathürü f. ʻ level piece of ground, plateau, small village ʼ; S. patharu m. ʻ rug, mat ʼ; Or. athuripathuri ʻ bag and baggage ʼ; Bi. pāthar ʻ outside of edge of felly when flat (not bevelled), sowing wide apart ʼ; G. pāthrɔ m. ʻ cut grass lying in a field ʼ; M. pāthrā m. ʻ a line (of plants &c.) set out to dry ʼ; Si. patara ʻ anything that spreads itself ʼ (or < prastāra -- ); -- Pa. Pk. patthara -- m. ʻ stone ʼ, S. patharu m., L. (Ju.) pathar m., khet. patthar, P. patthar m. (→ forms of Bi. Mth. Bhoj. H. G. below with atth or ath), WPah.jaun. pātthar; Ku. pāthar m. ʻ slates, stones ʼ, gng. pāth*lr ʻ flat stone ʼ; A. B. pāthar ʻ stone ʼ, Or. pathara; Bi. pāthar, patthar, patthal ʻ hailstone ʼ; Mth. pāthar, pathal ʻ stone ʼ, Bhoj. pathal, Aw.lakh. pāthar, H. pāthar, patthar, pathar, patthal m., G. patthar, pathrɔ m.; M. pāthar f. ʻ flat stone ʼ; Ko. phāttaru ʻ stone ʼ; Si. patura ʻ chip, fragment ʼ; -- S. pathirī f. ʻ stone in the bladder ʼ; P. pathrī f. ʻ small stone ʼ; Ku. patharī ʻ stone cup ʼ; B. pāthri ʻ stone in the bladder, tartar on teeth ʼ; Or. pathurī ʻ stoneware ʼ; H. patthrī f. ʻ grit ʼ, G. pathrī f.*prastarapaṭṭa -- , *prastaramr̥ttikā -- , *prastarāsa -- .Addenda: prastará -- : WPah.kṭg. pátthər m. ʻ stone, rock ʼ; pəthreuṇõ ʻ to stone ʼ; J. pāthar m. ʻ stone ʼ; OMarw. pātharī ʻ precious stone ʼ.(CDIAL 8857) Feeding trough in front of cattle (even wild animals) Ta. paṭṭai painted stripe (as on a temple wall), piebald colour, dapple. Ma. paṭṭa stripe. Ka. paṭṭe, paṭṭi id. Koḍ. paṭṭe striped or spotted (as tiger or leopard); paṭṭati n.pr. of dappled cow. Tu. paṭṭè stripe. Te. paṭṭe stripe or streak of paint; paḍita stripe, streak, wale.(DEDR 3877) Ta. pātti bathing tub, watering trough or basin, spout, drain; pattal wooden bucket; pattar id., wooden trough for feeding animals. Ka. pāti basin for water round the foot of a tree. Tu. pāti trough or bathing tub, spout, drain. Te. pādi, pādu basin for water round the foot of a tree(DEDR 4079) Rebus 1: pāṭaṇ maritime town, port: పట్ర paṭra paṭra. [Tel.] n. A village, a hamlet. పల్లెపట్ర villages and hamlets. H. iv. 108. paṭṭana n. ʻ town ʼ Kauṭ., °nī -- f. lex. 2. páttana -- n. MBh. [Prob. ← Drav. T. Burrow BSOAS xii 383 and EWA ii 192 with ṭṭ replaced by IA. tt. But its specific meaning as ʻ ferry ʼ in S. L. P. B. H. does lend support to its derivation by R. A. Hall in Language 12, 133 from *partana -- (√pr̥ ~ Lat. portus, &c.). Poss. MIA. pattana -- , paṭṭana -- ʻ *ferry ʼ has collided with Drav. loanword for ʻ town ʼ] 1. Pa. paṭṭana -- n. ʻ city ʼ, °aka -- n. ʻ a kind of village ʼ; Pk. paṭṭaṇa -- n. ʻ city ʼ; K. paṭan m. ʻ quarter of a town, name of a village 14 miles NW of Śrinagar ʼ; N. pāṭan ʻ name of a town in the Nepal Valley ʼ; B. pāṭan ʻ town, market ʼ; Or. pā̆ṭaṇā, °anā ʻ town, village, hamlet on outskirts of a big village ʼ; Bi. paṭnā ʻ name of a town ʼ; H. pāṭan m. ʻ town ʼ, G. pāṭaṇ n.; M. pāṭaṇ ʻ name of a town ʼ; Si. paṭuna ʻ town ʼ. -- Pa. paṭṭana -- n. ʻ harbour, port ʼ, Pk. paṭṭaṇa -- n.; H. paṭnī, pā̆ṭaunī, pāṭūnī m. ʻ ferryman ʼ; Si. paṭuna ʻ harbour, seaport ʼ.2. Pk. pattaṇa -- n. ʻ town ʼ, Si. patana. -- S. pataṇu m. ʻ ferry ʼ (whence pātaṇī m. ʻ ferryman ʼ, f. ʻ ferry boat ʼ); L. pattan, (Ju.) pataṇ m. ʻ ferry ʼ; P. pattaṇ ʻ ferry, landing -- place ʼ, pattaṇī, °tuṇī m. ʻ ferryman, one who lives near a ferry ʼ; B. pātanī ʻ ferryman ʼ.(CDIAL 7705) Chanhudaro seal . Tail of composite animal seals Cobra hood. m0492 seal. The classifier is the cobra hood hieroglyph/hypertext: फडा phaḍā f (फटा S) The hood of Coluber Nága Rebus: phaḍa फड ‘manufactory, company, guild, public office’, keeper of all accounts, registers. Text on obverse of the tablet m453A: Text 1629. m453BC Seated in penance, the person is flanked on either side by a kneeling adorant, offering a pot and a hooded serpent rearing up. See: All Indus Script hypertexts with phaḍā 'serpent hood' signify metals manufactory public officers https://tinyurl.com/y7a26nhe Hieroglyph: फडा phaḍā f (फटा S) The hood of Coluber Nága &c. फडी phaḍī f (Dim. of फडा) The expanded hood of Coluber Nága &c. फडी फिंदारणें To expand its hood--the नाग. phaṭa n. ʻ expanded hood of snake ʼ MBh. 2. *phēṭṭa -- 2. [Cf. phuṭa -- m., °ṭā -- f., sphuṭa -- m. lex., °ṭā -- f. Pañcat. (Pk. phuḍā -- f.), sphaṭa -- m., °ṭā -- f., sphōṭā -- f. lex. and phaṇa -- 1. Conn. words in Drav. T. Burrow BSOAS xii 386]1. Pk. phaḍa -- m.n. ʻ snake's hood ʼ, °ḍā -- f., M. phaḍā m., °ḍī f.2. A. pheṭ, phẽṭ.(CDIAL 9040) phaṇa1 m. ʻ expanded hood of snake (esp. of cobra) ʼ MBh.(CDIAL 9042) फडा (p. 313) phaḍā f (फटा S) The hood of Coluber Nága &c. Ta. patam cobra's hood. Ma. paṭam id. Ka. peḍe id. Te. paḍaga id. Go. (S.) paṛge, (Mu.) baṛak, (Ma.) baṛki, (F-H.) biṛki hood of serpent (Voc. 2154). / Turner, CDIAL, no. 9040, Skt. (s)phaṭa-, sphaṭā- a serpent's expanded hood, Pkt. phaḍā- id. For IE etymology, see Burrow, The Problem of Shwa in Sanskrit, p. 45.(DEDR 47) Rebus: phaḍa फड ‘manufactory, company, guild, public office’, keeper of all accounts, registers. फडपूस (p. 313) phaḍapūsa f (फड & पुसणें) Public or open inquiry. फडफरमाश or स (p. 313) phaḍapharamāśa or sa f ( H & P) Fruit, vegetables &c. furnished on occasions to Rajas and public officers, on the authority of their order upon the villages; any petty article or trifling work exacted from the Ryots by Government or a public officer. Rebus 2: metals manufactory, retail shop, artificer's workshop: फड्या phaḍyā m ( H) One who sells (grain &c.) in small quantities, a retail-dealer. फडनीस फडनिविशी or सी phaḍaniviśī or sī & फडनिवीस Commonly फड- निशी & फडनीस. phaḍanīsa m ( H) A public officer,--the keeper of the registers &c. By him were issued all grants, commissions, and orders; and to him were rendered all accounts from the other departments. He answers to Deputy auditor and accountant. Formerly the head Kárkún of a district-cutcherry who had charge of the accounts &c. was called फडनीस. फडझडती phaḍajhaḍatī f sometimes फडझाडणी f A clearing off of public business (of any business comprehended under the word फड q. v.): also clearing examination of any फड or place of public business. 2 fig. Scolding vehemently; paying off. v काढ, घे g. of o. 3 Search of or inquiry at the several फड q.v.; taking the accounts of the several फड (as to arrivals of goods, sales, rates &c.) फडकरी phaḍakarī m A man belonging to a company or band (of players, showmen &c.) 2 A superintendent or master of a फड or public place. See under फड. 3 A retail-dealer (esp. in grain). फड phaḍa m ( H) A place of public business or public resort; as a court of justice, an exchange, a mart, a counting-house, a custom-house, an auction-room: also, in an ill-sense, as खेळण्या- चा फड A gambling-house, नाचण्याचा फड A nachhouse, गाण्याचा or ख्यालीखुशालीचा फड A singingshop or merriment shop. The word expresses freely Gymnasium or arena, circus, club-room, debating-room, house or room or stand for idlers, newsmongers, gossips, scamps &c. 2 The spot to which field-produce is brought, that the crop may be ascertained and the tax fixed; the depot at which the Government-revenue in kind is delivered; a place in general where goods in quantity are exposed for inspection or sale. 3 Any office or place of extensive business or work,--as a factory, manufactory, arsenal, dock-yard, printing-office &c. 4 A plantation or field (as of ऊस, वांग्या, मिरच्या, खरबुजे &c.): also a standing crop of such produce. 5 fig. Full and vigorous operation or proceeding, the going on with high animation and bustle (of business in general). v चाल, पड, घाल, मांड. 6 A company, a troop, a band or set (as of actors, showmen, dancers &c.) 7 The stand of a great gun. फड पडणें g. of s. To be in full and active operation. 2 To come under brisk discussion. फड मारणें- राखणें-संभाळणें To save appearances, फड मारणें or संपादणें To cut a dash; to make a display (upon an occasion). फडाच्या मापानें With full tale; in flowing measure. फडास येणें To come before the public; to come under general discussion. పట్టెడ A small anvil. దాగలి. Ta. paṭṭaṭai, paṭṭaṟai anvil, smithy, forge. Ka. paṭṭaḍe, paṭṭaḍi anvil, workshop. Te. paṭṭika, paṭṭeḍa anvil; paṭṭaḍa workshop. Cf. 86 Ta. aṭai (DEDR 3865) பட்டடை¹ paṭṭaṭai , n. prob. படு¹- + அடை¹-. 1. [T. paṭṭika, K. paṭṭaḍe.] Anvil; அடைகல். (பிங்.) சீரிடங்காணி னெறிதற்குப் பட்ட டை (குறள், 821). 2. [K. paṭṭaḍi.] Smithy, forge; கொல்லன் களரி. 3. Stock, heap, pile, as of straw, firewood or timber; குவியல். (W.)பட்டறை¹ paṭṭaṟai , n. < பட்டடை¹. 1. See பட்டடை, 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 12, 14. 2. Machine; யந்திரம். 3. Rice-hulling machine; நெல்லுக் குத்தும் யந்திரம். Mod. 4. Factory; தொழிற்சாலை. Mod. 5. Beam of a house; வீட்டின் உத்திரம். 6. Wall of the required height from the flooring of a house; வீட்டின் தளத்திலிருந்து எழுப்ப வேண்டும் அளவில் எழுப்பிய சுவர். வீடுகளுக்குப் பட்டறை மட்டம் ஒன்பதடி உயரத்துக்குக் குறை யாமல் (சர்வா. சிற். 48).பட்டறை² paṭṭaṟai, n. < K. paṭṭale. 1. Community; சனக்கூட்டம். 2. Guild, as of workmen; தொழிலாளர் சமுதாயம்.கடைச்சற்காரன் kaṭaiccaṟ-kāraṉ, n. < id. +. Turner; கடைசல்வேலைசெய்வோன். (W.)கடைச்சற்பட்டை kaṭaiccaṟ-paṭṭai, n. < id. +. Turner's lathe; கடைச்சலுளியின் சுற் றுக்கட்டை. (C.E.M.)கடைசற்பட்டரை kaṭaicaṟ-paṭṭarai, n. < id. +. Turner's shop; கடைசல்வேலைசெய்யுஞ் சாலை. Loc.கொல்லன்பட்டரை kollaṉ-paṭṭarai, n. < id. +. Blacksmith's workshop, smithy; கொல்லன் உலைக்கூடம்.