Metal artefacts from the Severynivka hillfort (in English)

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2021

Bronze objects discovered in the settlements of the Noua-Sabatinovka cultures from the collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova The bronze objects attributed to the Noua-Sabatinovka cultural assemblage come largely from hoards or are stray finds, very rarely being found in settlements. Over 70 bronze pieces discovered in settlements or by chance (except for those in hoards) are stored in the National Museum of History of Moldova. The present paper introduces this collection of objects, as well as the chemical analysis of the metal alloy, which will elucidate some aspects related to the spread of metals in the settlements of Noua-Sabatinovka in the western part of this cultural community. The distribution by categories of the pieces discovered in the settlements, places the tools on the first position (30 units), followed by ornaments (25 units) and weapons (3 units). Except for uncleaned objects, the least impurities (Sn: 0.5-1.2%; Pb: 0.35-1.2%) were found on a piece of wire, pins, a Rollenadel type pin and bracelet and most impurities (Sn: 13-16%; Pb: 5.3-5.6%) were found on awls, knives and pins with ring heads. At the same time, the average values of tin are almost the same for tools and adornments and amount to about 7%; the values of lead, arsenic and antimony being visibly higher for tools (especially knives). The awls are among the tools in whose composition the tin can amount to 10-11%, the average values of this metal being lower in the case of pins and knives. In the category of ornaments, the tin content of the alloy is usually below average, although there are samples with a tin content of 8-13%. We mention that most of the bronze objects discovered in the Noua-Sabatinovka settlements are of western origin, analogous to those in Transylvania, but there are also items of Eastern origin-from the Dnieper region, such as daggers.

Bronze Age Crafts and Craftsmen in the Carpathian Basin. Proceedings of the international colloquium from Targu Mures, Biblitheca Musei Marisiensis. Seria Archaeologica VI, B. Rezi, R. E. Nemeth, S. Berecki (eds.), Tagru Mures, 2013

The southwesternmost findspots of type B battle axes with a plaque are situated in Vinkovci and the surrounding area. In addition to the find of axes, the 1977 salvage excavations of a Middle Bronze Age settlement in Vinkovci yielded a fragment of a mould for casting battle axes with a plaque. The Vinkovci area has so far yielded 5 such axes, invariably chance finds. The finds of moulds for casting jewellery from the Vinkovci settlement make it clear that a metallurgical workshop was in operation in that Middle Bronze Age settlement of the Belegiš I culture, whose smiths communicated with the workshops in the Carpathians. These contacts took place through communications along the courses of the Danube and Tisza rivers. Taking into consideration the size of the Middle Bronze Age settlement in Vinkovci, and the continuity of habitation and the tradition of casting operations, we could perhaps be discussing a major manufacturing centre. Such a view is reinforced by the fact that the moulds were discovered at several different positions within the settlement. Considering that the number of presently known bronze objects of Middle Bronze Age date from northern Croatia is relatively small, this hampers the analysis of local distribution networks. The position of the Vukovar and Lovas hoards in the Danubian basin, and the object types from settlements and hoards, as well as chance finds, all point to strong connections with the area of eastern Hungary. The workshop in Vinkovci should therefore be considered as a metallurgical centre at the southwestern edge of the production centre of the eastern Carpathians.

Българско е-Списание за Археология, 2015

Praehistorische Zeitschrift, 1993

89 prähistorische Kupferartefakte aus Ost-und Zentralserbien wurden auf ihre Neben-und Spurenelementgehalte und die isotopische Zusammensetzung ihres Bleis hin untersucht. Die Proben umspannen einen langen Zeitraum, der von den frübesten Phasen von Vinca-Plocnik bis in die frühe Bronzezeit reicht, wobei die Mehrheit aus dem Äneolithikum stammt. Die Serie beinhaltet 17 Objekte von Plocnik und 12 von der Zlotska pecina. Mehr als ein Drittel der untersuchten Objekte sind kreuzständige Hacken von verschiedenen Fundplätzen. Außerdem wurden 18 Proben von Malachitperlen und Malachitfragmenten von Selevac und Medvednjak untersucht, die in die späte Vinca-Tordos bis frühe Vinca-Plocnik Phase datieren. In Übereinstimmung mit früheren Untersuchungen wurde festgestellt, daß die meisten äneolithischen Kupferobjekte mit Ausnahme von zwei Meißeln und einer Hammeraxt von Plocnik und einer Hammeraxt von Sumrakovac aus bemerkenswert reinem Kupfer bestehen. Alle späteren Metallobjekte enthalten wesentlich höhere Gehalte an Verunreinigungen, besonders an Arsen und Antimon. In vier der frühesten Objekte wurden Spuren von Quecksilber gefunden, was darauf hindeutet, daß die Objekte aus gediegenem Kupfer hergestellt sind. Dieser Befund stimmt mit ihrer extremen Reinheit gut überein. Das wichtigste Ziel dieser Untersuchung war die Abschätzung der Rolle des äneolithischen Kupferbergwerks von Rudna Glava für die frühe Metallurgie im Zentralbalkan. Deshalb wurden Erze von Rudna Glava und den großen Kupferlagerstätten der Region, sowie von mehreren kleineren Vorkommen in gleicher "Weise untersucht und mit den Artefakten verglichen. Das überraschende Ergebnis war, daß Rudna Glava sowohl aufgrund der Bleiisotopenzusammensetzung als auch aufgrund des Spurenelementmusters seiner Erze als Ausgangsquelle für alle untersuchten Metall-und Malachitproben ausgeschlossen werden kann. Andererseits könnte ein Großteil der Meißel und kreuzständigen Hacken der Bodrogkeresztur-Periode von Majdanpek, der größten Kupferlagerstätte der Region, stammen. Für die frühesten Metallobjekte von Selevac, Plocnik und Gomolava sowie die Malachitproben von Selevac und Medvednjak wurden bisher keine passenden Erze gefunden. Außerdem bilden weder die Artefakte von Plocnik noch von Selevac eine Gruppe einheitlicher Zusammensetzung, weder chemisch noch isotopisch. Offensichtlich gab es noch weitere Bergwerke in dieser Region neben Rudna Glava, das aber weiterhin als Beweis für den frühen Bergbau in der Vinca-Periode Bestand haben wird. On a soumis 89 artefacts prehistoriques en cuivre de Serbie Orientale et centrale, a une analyse de leur teneur en traces d'elements et celle de corps etrangers qu'ils contiennent, ainsi qu'a une analyse de la composition isotopique du plomb. Les prelevements couvrent une longue periode, qui s'etend des phases les plus anciennes de Vinca-Plocnik jusqu'au Bronze ancien, toutefois la majorite d'entre eux provient de l'Eneolithique. La serie renferme 17 objets de Plocnik et 12 de la Zlotska Pecina. Plus d'un tiers des objets etudies sont representes par des baches cruxiformes provenant de divers gisements. On a aussi soumis a une analyse 18 prelevements de

2013

Starinar LXVIII, 2018

A part from the huge contribution to the knowledge of the topic of the Early Iron Age in the territory of the Balkans and Serbia, R. Vasi} also made huge contributions to studying the Bronze Age in the Balkans. In the volume Die Nadeln im Zentralbalkan (Vojvodina, Serbien, Kosovo und Make-donien) from the series Prähistorische Bronzefunde, he published decorative pins from the Velebit necropolis, on the periphery of the village of Velebit, in the vicinity ofKanjìa (northern Ba~ka). 1 On this occasion, we present jewellery made of bronze sheets. Besides the highest production techniques being applied, it also represents rare, but not unique, bronze products of the Kozsider horizon of the Middle Bronze Age in the territory of Serbia. Hügelgräber culture, or The Tumulus Culture, extended over a wide area from the Rhine in the west to the Carpathian basin in the east, Czechia in the north and Ba~ka and western Serbia in the South of Europe. 2 If we presume that the northwestern parts of Pannonia represented the core of this cultural manifestation, other regions show local features in such numbers that they resemble different cultures. This depended on the power of newly arriving communities that mixed with local populations. 3 Numerous metal finds that possess characteristics of the Kozsider horizon during the Bronze Age in the Carpathian basin show superiority made through the trade and exchange of high quality bronze weapons Abstract-In 1970, a Bronze Age necropolis in the village of Velebit to the north of Vojvodina was fully explored, but has remained unpublished until today. Apart from possessing all of the features of a Hügelgräber culture complex, some finds indicate connections to the Belegi{-Cruceni culture, developed at the very south of the Carpathian basin. In this paper, we shall present only some of the most attractive finds from the necropolis, including jewellery made of bronze sheets. They include spiral greaves, a belt and finger-rings. The remaining finds shall be presented in a monograph that is being planned. The paper represents the results of the projects Archaeology of Serbia: cultural identity, integration factors, technological processes and the role of central Balkans in development of European prehistory (OI 177020) and Cultural changes and population migrations in early prehistory of the central Balkans (OI 177023) financed by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia.

Trabajos de Prehistoria, 2010

The present article describes materials from the ritual site of Shaitanskoye Ozero II, Sverdlovsk Oblast. Few excavations carried out at the site measuring less than 240 sq. m in size, yielded more than 160 bronze artifacts: utensils, weapons, rolled copper ornaments, and abundant smelting and casting waste. Apart from Seima-Turbino (celts and laminar knives) and Eurasian types (daggers with cast hilts, truncated knives with guards, fluted bracelets and rings), several metal artifacts were revealed manufactured in the style of the Samus-Kizhirovo tradition. Bronze artifacts, stone knives and scrapers, and numerous arrowheads are accompanied by ceramics of the Koptyaki type. Metals use mainly a copper-tin alloy. This assemblage is shown to be relevant to the local tradition of metalworking, which, in this particular region, was comparatively ancient having been left uninterrupted by the rapid migrations of the Seima-Turbino people. In addition, the assemblage indicates the sources from which post-Seima artifacts reached the Alakul people. These artifacts may also have been linked with a large metalworking center located in the Middle Urals.