iarec.pdf

Civil Engineering and Architecture , 2020

The increased population density, technological advances and modern communication tools have affected urban design, planning and architecture in urban centers. On the other hand, the disproportionate population growth has caused urban managers not to pay much attention to non-physical aspects of cities and to ignore the mental impacts of urban sprawl on citizens. The street has undergone a variety of changes historically and functionally over time; hence this study aims to assess the physical-functional characteristics and their effect on social relationships on Bagdat Street. This study is an applied research in terms of its objectives and employs a descriptive-analytical methodology. The information is collected through field research (observation, interview and questionnaire). The field data is obtained by distributing the questionnaires. According to the research on green spaces, numerous coastal walking spaces, cafes and shopping malls have had a great influence upon people's social relationships on Bagdat Street, but these social spaces profoundly have affected the relationships of residents in terms of furniture, performance at urban level and physical changes of the street throughout history and even led to problems, which are properly investigated in this study.

2013

It's for decades and perhaps centuries that the world moves toward "urbanization". By 2025,urban population will form 3/2 of the world, and more than 90% of new urban residents will settle in developing countries. In recent decades, Policy making take urban space into consideration as a milestone in urban development program. Place possessing the necessary qualification of urban design appropriated to the hustle and bustle of city life. A vital urban environment increases the underlying social interactions between different individuals creating a social capital .the vitality of city or metropolitan area, is also effective in the development of prosperous economy, however The role of the urban spaces enhancing the culture of the community in its context is in decline in our country from day to day, and the vitality and popularity of the city are ignored.. Among the types of urban spaces, planning and designing of the urban streets demand further delicacy and elegance. So paying serious enough attention on these factors and their impact on a pedestrian movement in urban spaces are essential. Current article, as a primary step, offers a theoretical framework to understand the role of social values and public urban space in the quality (performance) of urban life, which is crucial for a vital street. Then As an example, a survey on a practical Case, BoaliSina St. as one of the main streets of Hamadan on behalf of a large number of people every day, being performed. So, consequently, the analytical model of recognizable affecting factors on vitality of this street has been gathered and these aforementioned factors being determined. The results from this study indicate that factors such as safety, security, diversity of users etc had a great impact on vitality and popularity of this street, and its two variables, namely availability of vehicle and pedestrian-oriented have not been assessed as an ideal.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2017

Public spaces constitute one of the main elements of the living cities. They stand out as places reflecting the social structure of the society and the past values. They appear as the places one can observe the changes and modernity of the society as well as socializing places. Following to private and semi-private spaces, public spaces such as streets, squares and parks provide people a chance to be together and contact with each other. In living and vibrant places with these random appointments they feel that they belong to social urban life. Therefore, welldesigned living public spaces are important indicators of the quality of life and user satisfaction. In the scope of this paper the basic principles and design criteria that create living public spaces and their effects on user satisfaction are discussed. By analysing the spatial reflections of used design criteria it is aimed to relate the existing arrangements to user satisfaction. For these analysis, Yüksel Street located at Kızılay Square in Ankara centre and side streets of Karanfil and Konur (all car-free) were selected as case study area. This area is one of the most important and most densely used pedestrian zone of the capital with its green pattern, location and crossroads. At the beginning, basic design criteria and implementation methods are detailed with the literature survey. Then basic criteria and design principles are verified by using field studies including a survey with randomly asked 270 questionnaires. For defining the user satisfaction and bringing out the qualifications and failures in the case study area user surveys are analysed by field study observations and SPSS Statistics software. Finally, practical suggestions which are believed to be useful for this type of public places in developing and less developed countries are proposed

Transport, 2014

Levels Of Service (LOS) evaluation criteria for off-street pedestrian facilities are not well defined in urban Indian context; hence an in-depth research is carried out in this regard. Defining Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) criteria is basically a classification problem; therefore a comparative study is made using three methods of clustering i.e. Affinity Propagation (AP), Self-Organizing Map (SOM) in Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Genetic AlgorithmFuzzy (GA-Fuzzy) clustering. Pedestrian data are used on validation measure of clustering method to obtain optimal number of cluster used in defining PLOS categories. To decide the most suitable algorithm applicable in defining PLOS criteria for urban off-street facilities in Indian context, Wilk’s Lambda is used on results of the three clustering methods. It is observed from the analysis that GA-Fuzzy is the most suitable clustering analysis among the three methods. With the help of GA-Fuzzy clustering analysis the ranges of th...

A Study On Measuring Pedestrian Comfort Level In Istanbul Kadıköy City Center, 2018

This study is to measure the level of pedestrian comfort level in an urban area. The level of pedestrian comfort was measured by conducting a study in the selected area where Istanbul's Kadıköy district is located and its connected roads. Firstly, an inventory of the area was made by examining the current state of the area, its location, the historical development of the area. literature study and field analysis work were done. These analyzes include; morphological analyzes (sunbathing, dust / noise / wind), transportation (pedestrian and vehicle), open space/green spaces analysis, reinforcement analysis (barriers, lighting, other equipment) and image analysis. In addition to these analyzes, pedestrian counts were made at peak hours, weekdays and weekends, at various points to measure pedestrian comfort level. Pedestrian comfort level, pedestrian service level, pedestrian density level values were reached from pedestrian counts and physical and morphological values of area. Pedestrian comfort level analysis was conducted in two step. First step is pedestrian service level that is measured with pedestrian counts and other step of analysis is pedestrian comfort level that depends on current physical conditions of area. Service Level and Comfort level is between A to E level (Ocakçı, 2010). The result of comfort level of Bahariye Street is E level, Sakız Gülü is D level.

2019

The starting point of the study is the importance of interior architectural design discipline as a force that can positively affect the urban wellbeing in metropolitan cities. The notion of publicness or being public and the public spaces that have an essential and inevitable part in the daily urban life, defines the potentials that interior architectural design in terms of enhancing the urban wellbeing. In this context, the concept of urban interior and urban interior practices which also includes the characteristics of public and interior spaces, are considered an efficient tool for improving the urban environment. In this thesis, it is suggested that transportation nodes, which are accepted as the intersections of everyday urban life, as well as urban mobilities and public life, are also urban and public interiors. Based on the hypothesis that transportation nodes accepted as urban and public interiors, public transport structures have been specified due to their direct relation with the concept of urban wellbeing. On this purpose, railway stations which are parts of urban setting from the initial phase of the transformation process of metropolitan cities are selected as the main areas of the study. The aim of the study is to compare the existing conditions of urban and public interiors among selected transportation nodes and then discuss design approaches to improve them. The study offers a relatively experimental approach on evaluating the quality of urban and public interiors. Also, it is intended that the developed method would be beneficial for further studies about urban and interior spaces. The thesis begins with a descriptic cross reading on the structural and sociological evolution of public space in metropolis. The first part consists of examinations on transformation of metropolitan cities as the determinant factor in the evolution of public spaces. The first topic of the thesis also related to the notion of urban mobility and its role in the expansion of the cities. Together with the transition of urban public life and public spaces, the urban wellbeing concept and the quality of public spaces are discussed to define the current position of public spaces. The notion of interiority in the urban context and the current urban interior practices are also explained within the first part of the thesis. In the second part of the thesis, the notion of urban mobility reconsidered as a form of interiority in metropolitan cities. The interconnection of these notions is especially distinctive in the public transportation structures. Thus, suggestions on the interiority of urban mobility and public transportation structures is developed. Amongst transportation structures, railway stations have been distinguished due to arguments in regard to recognizing railway stations as community hubs as well as transportation hubs in the city. In the thesis, it is suggested that railway stations that are urban and public interiors and community hubs, are also posing important potential for enhancing the urban wellbeing. The urban interior practices that are also discussed in the thesis, can be efficient tool to improve the current conditions of these spaces. In the third part of the thesis, the study method, which is evaluating the quality level of urban and public is introduced. In order to compare and improve the existing conditions of selected public interiors that have different urban environments, an empirical method was developed that evaluates the quality of the space according to components of good urban and public interiors. The method consists of a two-phased field study, observing and conducting a comprehensive survey, respectively. On Gebze-Halkalı Marmaray railway transport line, Sirkeci and Bakirkoy railway stations in Istanbul are selected as the case studies, while background information about the railway stations and causality of each railway station are also discussed. After the analysis of the evaluations, the field study ends with statistical data acquisitions. Comparisons between the two railway stations are performed in terms of the positive and negative aspects of the assesments. As a result, depending on the analysis and findouts of behalf of design approaches recommended for each space improving the existing qualities. In conclusion, it is stated that transportation nodes, in this case, the railway stations as urban and public interior spaces, carry important potentials to enhance urban wellbeing. Thus, by developing a relatively original evaluation system, analyzing the spaces accordingly and then discussing the possible design approaches for each space, it was possible to experiment with a method that could be beneficial for further studies related to urban and public interiors.

Proceedings of the Ninth International Space Syntax Symposium, Seoul: Sejong University, 2013, 2013

This study provides guidelines on some design measures and implementations through relating the social, socio-physical and spatial (syntactical) factors to the way people behave and use streets in Pasir Gudang City Centre (PGCC). In giving people the priority of use of the streets, their dynamic and static activities are observed and analysed. People behave dynamically when they walk and they are static when stopping, sitting, standing, waiting, watching, eating, etc. The impact of these behaviours are examined in relation to the interrelated function of streets with the affordance of the socio-physical factors which are the architectural topography (i.e. physical designs such as building indents, ledges, windowsills). Accordingly, the scientific aspect of Space Syntax technique or axial line analysis is applied onto the streets in order to obtain their integration (syntactical) value to represent the level of spatial connectivity (configuration) within the streets' local and global network. Static activities are asserted as the predominant social variable in the framework to measure the success of streets in their social and spatial functions i.e. sociability and accessibility. The sociability is measured through the capacity of the street to accommodate static activities. The accessibility relates to the ability of the street to accommodate and distribute static activities within its local and global network. Streets in the twelve zones of areas within a 3 km radius of distance from the city centre were analysed. Interestingly, some primary streets which are highly accessible (or highly-integrated) have been observed with high usage of vehicular traffic but low in use and rather in conducive to the pedestrians and other soft modes of traffic, i.e. the cyclists. On the contrary, the less accessible streets i.e the secondary and tertiary streets with the lower integration values have been more actively used by people. The study concludes by putting forward some recommendations, which include aspects on pedestrian safety and the improvement of the hard and soft scapes in the streets' layout.

Abstract The priority accorded to automobility, the unconditional adaptation of cities to car flows that constantly increased, for several decades, had a negative impact on the natural and urban built environment, leading to an unbalanced and unsustainable use of public space resources. Moving or stationary vehicles "confiscated" streets and squares - former community’s spaces, with aesthetic attributes - and turned them (only) into road infrastructure, concrete urban forms in which the quality of living and travels safety thus decreased. In this dynamic and despotic urban geography of traffic flows, city areas, addressed only as Origin and Destination, have lost their significance of places and territories with social and cultural substance, with specificity and heritage value. The current paradigm shift in urban mobility, according to the logic of sustainability, aimed at (re)balancing accessibility requirements with those of living environment and urban heritage protection. Traffic flows are those that, still answering the accessibility requirements, have now to be adapted to the city areas they are passing through, taking into account their morphological, functional, historical and sociological characteristics. The present paper proposes models of streets and traffic flows adaptation to the new demands of city areas: 1. a new type of streets classification, through the reconsideration of the ratio between theirs functions of traffic infrastructures and living spaces, as tool for differentiating urban character of streets; 2. modal shift and bypass arterial systems for city areas sensitive to motorized traffic impact. Key words: streets classification, traffic, city areas, quality of urban living

One of the characteristics of an excellent urban environment is a friendly environment for pedestrians. Pedestrian facilities that meet the standards are required in the central business district, where most activities are walking. In recent years, Jakarta, as a business city, has continued to improve its pedestrian facilities. Of course, these improvements must be examined whether they are following the community's needs or viceversa. This paper aims to find out about the level of comfort and level of service at the new pedestrian facilities in the Metropolitan City of Jakarta. The research method was carried out through a survey and a questionnaire. Data was collected in the Mega Kuningan Business District with repaired pedestrians. The number of respondents was 100 people. The analysis carried out is Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Level of Service (LoS) analysis. The results of this study indicate that the newly built pedestrian has met level A. Based on the analysis of interest, it is still necessary to increase security. Meanwhile, based on the comfort analysis, additional lighting and shade are required. This study shows that pedestrians' improvement in the business district in the Metropolitan City of Jakarta is good and needs to be developed in other locations.