THE APOCALYPSES IN THE NEW PSEUDEPIGRAPHA

APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE AND RELATED WORKS -(Ethiopic Apocalypse of) 1- Enoch (Second Century B.C.-First Century A.D.) -(Slavonic Apocalypse of) -2Enoch (Late First Century A.D.) -(Hebrew Apocalypse of) -3Enoch (Fifth to Sixth Century A.D.) 223 -Sibylline Oracles (Second Century B.c.-Seventh Century A.D.) 317 -Treatise of Shem (First Century B.C.) 473- Apocryphon of Ezekiel (First Century B.c.-First Century A.D.) 487 -Apocalypse of Zephaniah (First Century B.c.-First Century A.D.) 497- The Fourth Book of Ezra (Late First Century A.D.) -Greek Apocalypse of Ezra (Second to Ninth Century A.D.) - Vision of Ezra (Fourth to Seventh Century A.D.) -Questions of Ezra (Date Unknown) -Revelation of Ezra (prior to Ninth Century A.D.) 601- Apocalypse of Sedrach (Second to Fifth Century A.D.) 605 -2 (Syriac Apocalypse of) Baruch (early Second Century A.D.) 615- 3 (Greek Apocalypse of) Baruch (First to Third Century A.D.) 653 -Apocalypse of Abraham (First to Second Century A.D.) 681 -Apocalypse of Adam (First to Fourth Century A.D.) 707 -Apocalypse of Elijah (First to Fourth Century A.D.) 721 -Apocalypse of Daniel (Ninth Century A.D.) 755 -TESTAMENTS (OFTEN WITH APOCALYPTIC SECTIONS) Introduction J. H. Charleswort Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs (Second Century B.C.) 775- Testament of Job (First Century B.C.-First Century A.D.) 829 -Testaments of the Three Patriarchs Introduction - 869 -Testament of Abraham (First to Second Century Bc) 871 -Testament of Isaac (Second Century A.D.) 903 -Testament of Jacob (Second to Third Century A.D. 913 -Testament of Moses (First Century A.D.) 919 Testament of Solomon (First to Third Century A.D.) 935 Testament of Adam (Second to Fifth Century A.D.) (BELOW ARE TAGS AND ABREVIATIONS IN THE BOOK)Letter of Aristeas ArisEx Aristeas the Exegete Aristob Aristobulus Art Artapanus 2Bar 2 (Syriac Apocalypse of) Baruch 3Bar 3 (Greek Apocalypse of) Baruch 4Bar 4 Baruch CavTr Cave of Treasures CIMal Cleodemus Malchus ApDan Apocalypse of Daniel Dem Demetrius ElMod Eldad and Modad ApEl Apocalypse of Elijah HebApEl Hebrew Apocalypse of Elijah lEn 1 (Ethiopic Apocalypse of) Enoch 2En 2 (Slavonic Apocalypse of) Enoch 3En 3 (Hebrew Apocalypse of) Enoch Eup Eupolemus Ps-Eup Pseudo-Eupolemus ApocEzek Apocryphon of Ezekiel ApEzek Apocalypse of Ezekiel EzekTrag Ezekiel the Tragedian 4Ezra 4 Ezra GkApEzra Greek Apocalypse of Ezra QuesEzra Questions of Ezra RevEzra Revelation of Ezra VisEzra Vision of Ezra HecAb Hecataeus of Abdera Ps-Hec Pseudo-Hecataeus HelSynPr Hellenistic Synagogal Prayers THez Testament of Hezekiah FrgsHistWrks Fragments of Historical Works TIsaac Testament of Isaac Ascenls Ascension of Isaiah Martls Martyrdom of Isaiah Visls Vision of Isaiah LadJac Ladder of Jacob PrJac Prayer of Jacob TJac Testament of Jacob JanJam Jannes and Jambres TJob Testament of Job JosAsen Joseph and Asenath HisUos History of Joseph PrJos Prayer of Joseph Jub Jubilees LAB Liber Antiquitatum Biblicarum LosTr The Lost Tribes 3Mac 3 Maccabees 4Mac 4 Maccabees 5Mac 5 Maccabees PrMan Prayer of Manasseh SyrMen Syriac Menander ApMos Apocalypse of Moses AsMos Assumption of Moses PrMos Prayer of Moses TMos Testament of Moses BkNoah Book of Noah Ps-Orph Pseudo-Orpheus PJ Paraleipomena Jeremiou PhEPoet Philo the Epic Poet Ps-Philo Pseudo-Philo Ps-Phoc Pseudo-Phocylides FrgsPoetWrks Fragments of Poetical Works LivPro Lives of the Prophets HistRech History of the Rechabites ApSedr Apocalypse of Sedrach TrShem Treatise of Shem SibOr Sibylline Oracles OdesSol Odes of Solomon PssSol Psalms of Solomon TSol Testament of Solomon 5ApocSyrPss Five Apocryphal Syriac Psalms Thai Thallus Theod Theodotus T12P Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs Josephus Ant Jewish Antiquities Apion Against Apion Life Life of Josephus War Jewish Wars New Testament Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha EBar Epistle of Barnabas GBart Gospel of Bartholomew QuesBart Questions of Bartholomew lClem 1 Clement 2Clem 2 Clement PseudClemRec Pseudo-Clementine Recognitions Did Didache GEbion Gospel of the Ebionites GEgyp Gospel of the Egyptians GHeb Gospel of the Hebrews ShepHerm Shepherd of Hermes Aploan Apokalypsis tou hagiou Idannou Protlames Protoevangelium of James ActsJn Acts of John GMatthias Gospel of Matthias GNic Gospel of Nicodemus ActsPaul Acts of Paul ApPaul Apocalypse of Paul ApPet Apocalypse of Peter GPet Gospel of Peter PrPet Preaching of Peter ActsPhil Acts of Philip GPhil Gospel of Philip RevSteph Revelation of Stephen ActsThom Acts of Thomas ApThom Apocalypse of Thomas GThom Gospel of Thomas GTr Gospel of Truth ApVirg Apocalypse of the Virgin Early Fathers AdvHaer Epiphanius, Adversus haereses AposCon Aposto CommGen Procopius of Gaza, Commentary on Genesis, part I Commlsa Basil Caesar, Commentary on Isaiah CommJn Origen, Commentary on the Gospel of St. John DialTrypho Justin, Dialogue with Trypho Divlnst Lactantius, Divine Institutes ExcerPss Origen, Excerpta in Psalmos HE Eusebius, Histoha ecclesiastica HebQuaestinLibGen Jerome, Hebrew Questions on the Book of Genesis Horn Macarius, Spiritual Homilies Paid Clement of Alexandria, The Tutor {Paidagogos) Philoc Origen, Philocalia PrEv Eusebius, Praeparatio evangelica Princ Origen, De principiis Ref Hippolytus, Refutation of All Heresies Strom Clement of Alexandria, StromataThe Vision of Daniel, The Death of Abraham (both ed. by A. Vassiliev in Anecdota Graeco-Byzantina, vol. 1. Moscow, 1893), the Hebrew Apocalypse of Elijah (ed. and trans. M. Buttenwieser, Die hebrdische Ellas-Apokalypse. Leipzig, 1897), the Book of Jasher (ed. J. Hive, The Book of Jasher. Bristol, 1829), the Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan (ed. A. Dillmann, Das christliche Adambuch des Orients. Gottingen, 1853; ET: S. C. Malan, The Book of Adam and Eve. London, 1882), the Cave of Treasures (ed. C. Bezold, Die Schatzhohle: Syrisch und Deutsch, 2 vols. Leipzig, 1883, 1888; ET: E. A. W. Budge, The Book of the Cave of Treasures. London, 1927), the Book of the Rolls (cf. M. D. Gibson, Apocrypha Arabica. Studia Sinaitica 8. London, 1901), the Sin of Solomon (unpublished, probably a homily, cf. Cod. Par. Gr. 1021, fols. 184v-185v in the Bibliotheque Nationale), Pirhe de Rabbi Eliezer (trans. G. Friedlander, Pirfce de Rabbi Eliezer. New York, 1981 4), the Syriac Apocalypse of Ezra (ed. and trans. J.-B. Chabot, 4 4 L'Apocalypse d'Esdras," Revue semitique 2 [1894] 242-50, 333-46), the Book of the Bee (ed. and trans. E. A. W. Budge, The Book of the Bee. Anecdota Oxoniensia, Sem. Ser. 1.2. Oxford, 1886), and the Questions Addressed by the Queen (of Sheba), and Answers Given by Solomon (trans. J. Issaverdens, The Uncanonical Writings of the Old Testament. Venice, 1901). TTT The Apocrypha, therefore, includes thirteen documents: 2 Ezra (= 1 Esdras),* Tobit, Judith, Additions to Esther, Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach, 1 Baruch, Letter of Jeremiah, Prayer of Azariah with the Song of the Three Young Men, Susanna, Bel and the Dragon, 1 Maccabees, and 2 Maccabees. Often two pseudepigrapha, 4 Ezra (= 2 Esdras)* and the Prayer of Manasseh,* are considered part of the Apocrypha. The thirteen documents in the Apocrypha, with the exception of Tobit, which may TT Some Pseudepigrapha and other Ancient Works +Other Syriac and English , Arabic , Greek works listed below I myself can obtain if you message me !Table of Contents1. The Life of Adam and Eve (Apocalypse of Moses) (Arabic)2. The Testament of Adam (Syriac and Arabic)3. The Cave of Treasures (Syriac and Arabic)4. The Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan (Arabic)5. ​The Book of Adam (Codex Nazaraeus; Mandean Fragment) (Syriac)6. Life of Abel, by Symmachus (Syriac)7. Syriac Book of Seth (Syriac)8. 1 Enoch (Syriac)9. Apocalypse of Enoch (Syriac)10. Tractate of Shem (Syriac)11. The Testament of Abraham (On the Death of Abraham) (Arabic)12. History of Melchizedek (Syriac and Arabic)13. Joseph and Asenath (Recension Two) (Syriac)14. History of Joseph (Syriac)15. History of Joseph, Son of Jacob [Version A] (Arabic)16. History of Joseph, Son of Jacob [Version B] (Arabic)17. History of Joseph (Arabic)18. Dormition of Joseph, the Son of Jacob (Arabic)19. Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs (Syriac) 20. The Names of the Wives of the Patriarchs (Syriac)21. The Conversation of Moses with God (Syriac and Arabic)22. The Book of Jubilees (Syriac)23. The Life of Moses (Arabic) 24. Instruction of David to Solomon (Arabic)25. The Palace of Solomon (Arabic)26. Questions of the Queen of Sheba to Solomon (Syriac)27. Testament of Solomon to Rehoboam his son (Arabic)28. The Final Counsel of Solomon (Arabic)29. The Death of Solomon (Arabic)30. Aphikia (2 Recensions) (Arabic)31. History of the Rechabites (Syriac and Arabic)32. History of the Prophet Elijah (Arabic)33. ​History of the Prophet Elijah and the son of the Widow (Arabic)34. ​​History of the Prophet Elijah and his Ascension (Arabic)35. ​​Sermon of Elisha the Prophet on Sinners (Arabic)36. ​​​Sermon of the Prophet Elisha .

2017

New York : Van Nostrand and Terrett - 123 Fulton Steet , 1851

Just some of the contents listed bc I ran out of room due to Academias short abstract rules - Table of Contents • Comparison of the Apocalypse with Parallel Prophecies • Are Similar Views Found Among the Early Prophets? • On the Apocalyptic Style and the Time When the Apocalypse was Composed • Apocryphal Apocalypses that Have Reached Us • Apocryphal Revelations Still Extant • (a) The Ascension of Isaiah • (b) The Shepherd of Hermas • (c) The Book of Enoch • (d) The Fourth Book of Ezra • (e) The Sibylline Oracles • (f) Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs • General Remarks on these Apocryphal Works • Peculiar Features of the Apocalypse • (a) Numerosity • (b) Trichotomy • (c) Groups of Four • (d) Groups of Twelve • (e) Decades • (f) Heptades • (g) Parallelisms • General Remarks on Numerosity • Is the Apocalypse a Prophetic Book? • Object of the Book • Economy of the Apocalypse: The Manner of Unfolding the Prophecies • Aesthetic Character of the Apocalypse • Hermeneutical Principles Applicable to the Apocalypse • Original Recipients of the Apocalypse and Its Purpose • Original Language of the Apocalyp • Peculiar Characteristics of Age and Style • Place and Date of Composition • Historical Testimony Supporting the Apostle John as Author • (a) Irenaeus • (b) Clement of Alexandria • (c) Tertullian • (d) Hippolytus • (e) Origen • Additional Early Witnesses • Alleged Testimony Against John as Author • (a) Opposition by the Alogi • (b) Caius the Presbyter • (c) Dionysius of Alexandria • Doubts of Eusebius and Later Writers • Result of Historical Testimony • Indirect and Internal Evidence Against Apostolic Origin • Principles for Judging the Authenticity • Examination of Style, Diction, and Thought in the Apocalypse • Internal Evidence Supporting John as the Author • Summary of Findings • Examination of Schott and Lucke's Theories • Unity of the Book • Theological Rank and Credit of the Apocalypse • The Apocalypse's Purpose for the Church in Every Age • Does the Apocalypse Follow a Chronological Plan? Appendix • Extracts from the Commentary of Victorinus • Specimen of the Ascension of Isaiah • Specimens from the Book of Enoch • Specimen of Writings from Clement of Alexandria Overview of Themes • Comparative Analysis of the Apocalypse: The early sections compare the Book of Revelation with other biblical and extra-biblical prophetic works. This includes identifying parallels with ancient prophecies, exploring shared themes, and discussing how Revelation fits into the broader tradition of prophetic literature. • Historical Context and Apocalyptic Style: This part explores the unique literary style of apocalyptic writings, particularly during the time the Apocalypse was composed. This likely includes an analysis of symbolism, vivid imagery, and the themes of divine judgment and hope. It may also delve into how these characteristics were shared with other contemporary works. • Apocryphal Apocalypses: The book looks at other apocalyptic writings that didn’t make it into the canonical Bible but were widely read or influential. Notable works covered include: • The Ascension of Isaiah: An early Christian text that includes visionary experiences, possibly influencing themes found in Revelation. • The Shepherd of Hermas: An early Christian work with allegorical visions, parables, and moral teachings. • The Book of Enoch: An influential work that provides a vision of the end times, angelic hierarchies, and cosmic judgment. • The Fourth Book of Ezra and Sibylline Oracles: Both include apocalyptic themes and were valued in early Jewish and Christian communities. • Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs: This text contains deathbed speeches attributed to the twelve sons of Jacob, often including prophecies and moral lessons. • Structural Analysis of the Apocalypse: This section examines the numerical and structural elements within the Book of Revelation, such as the importance of symbolic numbers (3, 4, 7, 12, etc.), which represent various theological and esoteric meanings. The text may discuss how these numbers are repeated and arranged in groups to convey deeper layers of meaning. • Authorship and Historical Testimony: The book thoroughly analyzes historical testimonies regarding the authorship of the Apocalypse. Traditionally attributed to John the Apostle, the text examines whether this attribution holds under scrutiny. Various early Christian writers (Irenaeus, Clement of Alexandria, Tertullian, etc.) are discussed for their perspectives on the authorship. Additionally, it covers controversies over the authorship, such as doubts raised by Eusebius and other early figures. • Internal Evidence and Theological Considerations: The author delves into the internal evidence within Revelation that either supports or challenges John the Apostle’s authorship. This includes looking at the linguistic style, vocabulary, and theological ideas unique to the Apocalypse and whether they align with what is known of John the Apostle. The internal consistency with other Johannine literature (like the Gospel of John) is examined here as well. • Purpose and Aesthetic Nature: The book explores the literary and aesthetic qualities of Revelation, analyzing its use of powerful and often surreal imagery to convey complex theological ideas. It also discusses the intended purpose of the Apocalypse, its spiritual and eschatological messages, and its role as a guide for the Christian community. Appendices • Commentary of Victorinus: This may include excerpts from the earliest known commentary on Revelation, offering insights into how early Christians interpreted the text. • Specimens of Apocryphal Texts: These samples from apocryphal apocalypses like The Ascension of Isaiah and The Book of Enoch provide additional context for understanding the apocalyptic genre as a whole and how it influenced Revelation. Tags(if any will fit) 1. Apocalypse 2. Revelation 3. Book of Revelation 4. Moses Stuart 5. Andover Seminary 6. Apocalyptic literature 7. Christian prophecy 8. Biblical prophecy 9. John the Apostle 10. Authorship 11. Early Christianity 12. New Testament 13. Sacred literature 14. Apocrypha 15. Apocryphal texts 16. Ascension of Isaiah 17. Book of Enoch 18. Fourth Ezra 19. Sibylline Oracles 20. Shepherd of Hermas 21. Twelve Patriarchs 22. Eschatology 23. End times 24. Prophetic literature 25. Hermeneutics 26. Numerology 27. Trichotomy 28. Christian theology 29. Old Testament 30. Roman Empire 31. Angelology 32. Apocalyptic symbols 33. Daniel 34. Ezekiel 35. Historical context 36. Allegory 37. Visionary literature 38. Martyrdom 39. Divine judgment 40. Heavenly visions 41. Patmos 42. Early Church 43. Second Temple Judaism 44. Religious symbolism 45. Christology 46. Jewish apocalypticism 47. Pagan prophecy 48. Antichrist 49. Symbolism 50. Prophecy interpretation 51. Ecclesiology 52. Ancient manuscripts 53. Canonical texts 54. Canon debate 55. Prophecy in Judaism 56. Early Church Fathers 57. Gnostic texts 58. Dead Sea Scrolls 59. Rapture 60. Tribulation 61. Seven Seals 62. Seven Trumpets 63. Seven Bowls 64. Armageddon 65. Millennialism 66. Hermas 67. Isaiah 68. Enoch 69. Ezra 70. Apocalypse of John 71. Origen 72. Tertullian 73. Irenaeus 74. Clement of Alexandria 75. Dionysius of Alexandria 76. Eusebius 77. Early Christian testimony 78. Jewish texts 79. Greek literature 80. Ancient Rome 81. Christian exegesis 82. Apostolic authorship 83. Textual criticism 84. Symbolic numbers 85. Numerology in prophecy 86. Divine revelation 87. Angelic hierarchy 88. Apostolic literature 89. Ancient religions 90. Heavenly beings 91. Early Christian martyrs 92. Victorinus 93. Early Christian commentary 94. Christian canon 95. Testimony analysis 96. Prophecy authenticity 97. Symbolic language 98. Theological symbolism 99. Apocalyptic visions 100. Early church history 101. Exegesis 102. Spiritual interpretation 103. Ancient prophecy 104. Prophetic books 105. Sibyl 106. Hellenistic influence 107. Jewish influence 108. Christian persecution 109. Canonical status 110. Historical Jesus 111. Divine mystery 112. Kingdom of God 113. Heavenly throne 114. Seven churches 115. False prophets 116. Satan 117. Eternal life 118. Christian mysticism 119. Medieval prophecy 120. Middle Ages 121. Augustine 122. Jerome 123. Basil 124. Gregory Nazianzen 125. Ambrose 126. Chrysostom 127. Hilary 128. Methodius 129. Lactantius 130. Apollonius 131. Epiphanius 132. Patristics 133. Latin Fathers 134. Greek Fathers 135. Apocalypse themes 136. Apocalyptic discourse 137. Day of the Lord 138. Old Syriac Version 139. Syriac Christianity 140. Canon formation 141. Biblical canon 142. Mystical literature 143. Heavenly realm 144. Apocalyptic motifs 145. First-century church 146. Spiritual visions 147. Book of Daniel 148. Book of Ezekiel 149. Minor prophets 150. Hebrew prophets 151. Christian martyrs 152. Christian origins 153. Apocalyptic exegesis 154. Visionary experience 155. Symbolic interpretation 156. Apocalyptic thought 157. Literary analysis 158. Theology 159. Apocalypse of John 160. Symbolic imagery 161. Old Testament prophecy 162. New Testament prophecy 163. Ancient texts 164. Apocalypse authorship 165. Apocalypse studies 166. Scholarly analysis 167. Patristic writings 168. Apocalyptic eschatology 169. Final judgment 170. Eschatological studies 171. Ancient Near East 172. Jewish thought 173. Messiah 174. Second coming 175. Prophetic symbols 176. Christ's return 177. Messianic prophecy 178. Gnostic gospels 179. Apostolic Fathers 180. Council of Nicaea 181. Council of Carthage 182. Bible interpretation 183. Canon law 184. Apostolic tradition 185. Christian doctrines 186. Salvation 187. Prophecy fulfillment 188. Spiritual warfare 189. Ancient church 190. Book of Revelation commentary 191. Apocalypse interpretation 192. Divine mysteries 193. Theological history 194. Revelation analysis 195. New Testament canon 196. Christian prophecy analysis 197. Ancient manuscripts 198. Prophecy studies 199. ...

Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament, 2017

This article approaches the ongoing scholarly debate as to what constitutes apocalypticism in ancient Judaism, and, in particular, if and how apocalyptic texts stand out as different from prophetic texts in the Old Testament. Some examples from the history of scholarship illustrate how the dichotomy between prophecy and apocalypticism has been perceived, and the underlying presuppositions are discussed critically. A case is made for assuming a fundamental continuity between so-called prophetic and apocalyptic writings as developments of the same literary tradition. Against this background is discussed how differences and nuances between texts within this continuity can be fruitfully acknowledged. Three tendencies that appear to be reinforced in so-called apocalyptic texts in the Old Testament are pointed out: The extensive use of literary loans from older texts, the development of visually suggestive, yet elusive imagery, and the combination of different literary forms and genres. Finally, some selected texts from Old Testament prophetic books (Ezekiel, Daniel, Joel, and Isaiah) serve as test cases for the first of these aspects.

Currents in Biblical Research, 2007

This paper, in two parts, discusses the significant scholarship on apocalypses and apocalypticism in antiquity published since Mysteries and Revelations: Apocalyptic Studies since the Uppsala Conference (Collins and Charlesworth [eds.] 1991). Part II contains the second half of the section on (4) origins and influences, here the prophetic and sapiential traditions of Israel. This is followed by sections on (5) apocalyptic historiography and (6) the development of apocalypticism in antiquity and late antiquity, plus (7) a brief conclusion. The bibliographies are partspecific, but their entries are integrated.

2017

This essay will present a short form critical comparison between exemplars from early Jewish (Daniel and 1 Enoch) and Christian apocalyptic literature (Revelation of John) up to the end of the 1st century CE. I want to demonstrate that Jewish and Christian apocalyptic writings show similarities in their literary devices and in their underlying worldview. Yet, there are significant differences, of which I will explore two fundamental ones: Jesus' role as the main agent in God's intervention in history; and the idea of a two-stage invasion of the present age by the age to come-the first with the Jesus' event and the second with Jesus' parousia.

Re-Imagining Apocalypticism: Apocalypses, Apocalyptic Literature, and the Dead Sea Scrolls, 2020

This essay considers scholarly typologies and definitions of apocalyptic in the light of the evidence of emergent Christ religion of the first five centuries, as well as their intersections with emergent Jewish literature. It argues that this literature represents a diverse body of literature that can understood well by application of Deleuze and Guattari's notion of the rhizome. What scholars today call apocalyptic represents a diverse field of possibilities, institutional configurations, applications of tradition, reuse and cannibalization of earlier texts, as well as diverse material productions. In short, the essay rehearses a wide spectrum of evidence considered under various aspects and cultural situations in order to champion interpretation that moves beyond scholarly strictures to consider the multiple lives of apocalyptic in antiquity.

2018

Introductory paper to the session "After the 'Initial Foray': Jewish Apocalyptic Tradition and the Shaping of New Testament Thought" hosted by the Wisdom and Apocalypticism section November 2018 at the SBL Annual Meeting. I argue that the non-eschatological aspects of Jewish apocalyptic tradition are often neglected in references to and studies of apocalypticism in New Testament studies.