Meal-induced metabolic changes

2017

Book Diet, Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome 25th – 26th August 2016 The Novo Nordisk Foundation, Tuborg Havnevej 19, Hellerup, Copenhagen Organising committee Bjørn Richelsen, Professor, Aarhus University Jens Meldgaard Bruun, Consultant, Aarhus University Hospital Mette Pedersen, Dietitian, Chair of The Danish Dietitic Association Tore Christiansen, Danish Diabetes Academy Tina Hansen Barbisan, Danish Diabetes Academy [email protected] Welcome This symposium will give a comprehensive update of the newest research focusing on the impact of diet on the development, prevention, and treatment of diabetes (type 1 and type 2) and metabolic diseases. Several of the more controversial questions concerning the effects of dietary proteins and carbohydrates on body weight regulation and glucose metabolism will be covered by internationally esteemed researchers. Danish Diabetes Academy Funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation

TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa), 2019

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Diabetologia, 1972

Invest. clín, 1990

Se realizó un estudio en un grupo de pacientes que asistían a una Consulta de Enfermedades Metabólicas, con el propósito de conocer las alteraciones metabólicas y clínicas que desarrollan más frecuentemente los pacientes diabéticos y analizar la relación existente entre el ...

FAMILY PRACTICE AND PALLIATIVE CARE

Introduction: The visceral adiposity index is a reliable indicator of visceral adipose tissue dysfunction. The aim of this research was to determine the cut-off points of the visceral adiposity index in predicting metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension at specific age ranges and in both sexes separately.Methods: This research is both descriptive and analytical. The research was conducted with 951 participants aged 18 and over between July 2019 and July 2020. 51 participants that did not meet study criteria were excluded from the research. The research was completed with a total of 900 participants, 577 females and 373 males. A physical examination and anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure) of all participants were conducted. After 12 hours of fasting, the HDL, TG, glucose, and insulin levels of participants were measured. The blood pressure of participants was measured after 15 minutes of rest...

Diabetologia, 1966

A review is given on insulin secretion in the normal and prediahetic states. It is emphasized that glucose intolerance may be the result of either decompensation of the equilibration in prediabetes between insufficiency in insulin secretion and factors compensating for this, or the addition in prediahetes of factors that increase the demand for insulin which cannot be satisfied. Obesity is one such additional factor.

Path Directed towards a Stage when we almost Cure Type1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1dm) after a Century of Insulin Advent, 2020

Following the discovery of insulin lives of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients changed dramatically so that what was literally a death warning became a disease that could be controlled although still remaining a chronic disease, with insulin not curing the disease process, rather only its consequences i.e. blood sugars. Noticeably insulin does not achieve normoglycaemia. Despite maximum sophisticated, practically 'near closed loops' ways, glucose homeostasis does not get back to normal. Both short as well as long term complications are incurred by T1DM patients, with hypoglycaemic as well as hyperglycaemic events as well as long term effects of enhanced glycosylation of proteins resulting in eye, renal, central nervous system (CNS) as well as other complications. These sequelae are correlated with marked morbidity as well as mortality despite following aggressive insulin treatment. Practically a century after insulin discovery, we still battle with the hurdle of addressing disease process by itself, just to make the life of these patients better. Lot of work have been done to be able to totally arrest the autoimmune mechanism damaging the insulin synthesizing cells within the pancreas, or minimum at least reduce the speed of the process for blunting as well as delaying short as well as long term complications. Basic idea is to discuss a method that might aid in quantitative result measurements by particular therapies, short or clinical cure might be contrasted and exact advantage of their help in DM treatment might get assessed by the T1DM metabolic recovery index (DMMRI).

2014

Introduction. An important way of preventing type 2diabetes is by adopting a proper diet by which means appropriate control over blood glycaemia and lipids can be achieved. Objectives. To assess selected biochemical and haematological markers in overweight subjects or those suffering from type 2 diabetes in relation to their estimated dietary intake. Material and methods. The study was conducted in 2012 on n=86 overweight or obese subjects living in Warsaw or its environs, of whom n=43 had type 2 diabetes. Dietary intakes were compared between non-diabetics (control group) and diabetics (test group) by 3 day records, whilst the relevant blood biochemistry and haematology results were obtained from medical records; with patient consent. Results. Diabetic subjects had significantly higher serum glucose and CRP levels than controls, respectively; 190 vs 98 mg/ dl and 1.4 vs 1.1 mg/dl. Lipid profiles were however more significantly abnormal in controls, compared to diabetics with respectively; total cholesterol 220 vs 194 mg/dl, LDL-cholesterol 131 vs 107 mg/dl and triglycerides 206 vs 157 mg/dl. There were no significant differences in HDL-cholesterol; respectively 55 vs 51 mg/dl. In the diabetics, calorific intakes from carbohydrates, especially sugars, were significantly lower than controls i.e. 9% vs 13%. The proportional share of calories derived from dietary fats did not differ between groups, nevertheless a positive correlation was observed between dietary fat content with blood cholesterol concentrations in diabetics. Conclusions. Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism were confirmed in both overweight and diabetic (type 2) subjects. In addition, both groups demonstrated untoward lipid profiles that correlated with their improper nutrition.

2008

Diabetes is fast becoming a global pandemic and diabetic complications are moving upwards as the top seven cause of death. Diabetes is a chronic disorder of glucose metabolism. Studies in the UK show that proper change in diet, daily exercise and brisk walking can greatly aid to reduce blood sugar levels that are not too far above the healthy levels. A blood sugar reading of 10.4 can drop to 9.2, a decline by 12% by a twenty minute brisk walk. A change in the fat:protein:bone ratio with reduction in total body fat and a reduction in the girth circumference by 8-12% can reverse the diabetic condition in borderline cases. The primary issue here is the conversion of fat into glucose that is then utilized in cells to yield energy. Unfortunately many diabetics suffer a further problem in glucose metabolism when they are put on drugs that block the conversion of lipids into glucose. Over a short time, their blood lipid profile begins to change, adding a new risk to health.

Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on plasma hormone levels, which regulate energy metabolism, and on the lipid profile of rats fed a standard and fatty diets. The study was performed on four experimental groups for 6 weeks using Wistar Albino rats weighing 200-260 g, aged 5-6 months, with 10 rats in each group. 1) The control group: Rats were fed a standard diet and given 1 ml 0.9% saline /kg body weight/day by gastric gavage. 2) The TQ group: Rats were fed a standard diet and given 50 mg TQ/kg body weight/day dissolved in 1 ml 0.9% saline, by gastric gavage. 3) The fatty diet (FD) group: Rats were fed an experimental diet containing 50% animal fat and given 1 ml 0.9% saline/kg body weight/day by gastric gavage. 4) The FD+TQ group: Rats were fed an experimental diet containing 50% animal fat and given 50 mg TQ/kg body weight/day dissolved in 1 ml 0.9% saline by gastric gavage. At the end of the experimental period, plasma insulin, thyroxine (T 4), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly decreased in the TQ group compared with the control group while the plasma glucose level was increased (P<0.01). In the FD group compared to the control group, HDL and carnitine levels were significantly decreased while plasma leptin, glucose, total triiodothyronine (T 3), T 4 , free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4), trigliseride (TG), LDL and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels were significantly increased. Compared to the FD group, in particular, leptin, T 3 , FT 4 , TG, LDL and VLDL levels were significantly decreased in the FD+TQ group except for increased glucose. The study concludes that TQ may be a natural source for the provention of the harmful effects of a fatty diet, due to the dropped levels of leptin, TG, LDL, VLDL and could be considered for use in the field of preventive medicine.