COMBATING CLIMATE CHANGE WITH LANDSCAPE DESIGN

RECENT STUDIES IN PLANNING AND DESIGN, 2022

—Permanent environmental influences such as sun, fog, acid rain can destroy structures, buildings and the environment. Improving the quality of urban environment with utilizing green roof and green facades is illustrated for several years and installing them can offer multiple benefits. A detailed integrated presentation of green roof and green facade systems is provided in this paper. The aim of the research is to illustrate the effect of green façade and green roofs and generally greenery structure on the climate changes. The author tries to find a solution for the climate changes and environmental issues and resolving it by above-mentioned landscape architecture methods.

The Indonesian Journal of Planning and Development, 2014

In the context of rising concerns about global warming and sustainable development this paper examines the challenges of landscape architecture (LA) in developing and developed countries in handling climate change adaptation. The paper aims to find how the LA institutes define their professionals' roles in dealing with society and environment. It seeks to focus on the professionals' involvement in climate change adaptation programs in Indonesia and Australia. The paper seeks to determine how contextual factors such as institutional roles and types of prevalent governance systems shape the development of landscape architecture discipline and its professional capability with respect to other related built environment professions (architecture and planning). The websites of the ISLA (Indonesian Society of Landscape Architects) and the AILA (Australian Institutes of Landscape Architects) are examined and analysed from the perspective of professional principles of the International Federation of Landscape Architects (IFLA). The aim is to determine the LA practitioners' awareness and approaches in handling climate change challenges in various roles and capabilities. It has found that the professional institute in Australia has been involved in the educational program to equip their practitioner members to have a basic knowledge and further application of climate change adaptation in their design and planning projects; whereas in Indonesia the practitioners are actively involved in community capacity building to increase people's awareness and participation in mitigating the climate change at local as well as regional levels. Findings from the study seek to establish the universality of the LA profession and its relevance in both developed and developing countries.

IKSAD GLOBAL PUBLISHING, 2022

Climate change is one of the biggest problems faced globally today. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)'s Sixth Assessment Report 2021, climate and biodiversity emergencies create an interconnected web of disasters that threaten all life. The consequences of climate change (e.g. sea level rise, extreme weather events, changing weather patterns, biodiversity loss, crop shortages, water shortages, forest fires, and changing disease patterns) have many negative consequences (e.g. inequality, displacement, migration, conflict, hunger, disease, and death) as well. It is estimated that climate change will cause sea levels to rise, more frequent and extreme weather events, hotter and drier summers, and warmer and rainier winters. The built environment sector is responsible for about 40 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. Today, there are roughly 255 billion m2 of buildings in the world and this number is increasing by approximately 5.5 billion m2 every year. Factors such as the construction of buildings, the materials used, their versatile functional use, the destruction of buildings, the wastes that occur during their physical life, and toxic gases in the built environment sector cause climate change. The built environment is an indicator of the quality of life. The purpose of the built environment is to create safe, comfortable living spaces that facilitate individual and community health and well-being. The built environment has many environmental impacts such as greenhouse gas emissions from energy use, material and resource use, waste generation, effects on water systems, and damage to biodiversity and soil health. In many cities, a large portion of raw material consumption and waste generation is associated with the construction and demolition of buildings. The actual environmental impacts of buildings, products, and materials drive proportional climate change in the context of often conflicting factors, including finance, well-being, life cycle, and operational and whole-life impacts. COP26's decisions have made it mandatory to include robust, ambitious, and comprehensive actions on the built environment. “Decarbonisation efforts in the design of new buildings, which are often responsible for one tonne of CO2 per square meter of construction, have brought new approaches and solutions to the fore. It is known that global climate and biodiversity emergencies cannot be overcome without making the design vision and organizational process compatible with nature and sustainable in the built environment sector consisting of buildings and environments. New paradigms for low-carbon building design are needed to mitigate climate change. Strategic actions such as reducing the demand for new construction, using existing buildings better, designing environmentally friendly, ecological, and sustainable buildings, and minimizing the negative environmental effects of new buildings are recommended. All stakeholders involved in the built environment sector (built Architects, landscape architects, interior designers, civil engineers, contractors, investors, users, etc.) should address and contribute to the solution of climate and biodiversity emergencies.In this study, within the scope of climate change adaptation, the basic components in the design of the built environment (e.g. Building, landscape, parcel-building/ location relationship, building form and functionality, design setup, building envelope, building geometry, building roof system, building materials and accessories, Air conditioning (heating) and cooling) systems, waste management, water management) were determined and nature-based solutions were proposed.

Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2017

Green infrastructure is strategic and spatial approach to landscape and environment planning, applying key principles of landscape ecology to urban environments, and specifically planning in multi-scale approach. It is adopted and developed as a result of the opportunities it has provided in various disciplines to meet ecological, environmental, social challenges of landscape planning. Multi use of green infrastructure has the potential of contributing to climate change adaptation in various scales and regions. Climate change as a result of historical emissions of greenhouse gases would jeopardize cities. The deficiency of existing urban systems to cope with the risks resulting from these changes such as floods, droughts and extreme temperatures (intensification of the urban island heat effect), render residents of cities vulnerable to these changes. Green infrastructure by providing a range of ecosystem services has a significant role to play in helping to combat climate change. In this paper, it is investigated how and in what function and services, Green infrastructure strategy can help us in adopting to climate change in urban landscape context. At the first step, we classified the methods, principle and impacts on these two strategies (climate change adaptation and green infrastructure) to compare them. Then through this comparison, a conceptual model is developed clarifying their complementarity and relationship.

Climate 2009: International Conference on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategies for Bangladesh; Dhaka. 18-19 February, 2009, 2009

This paper discusses the ways available to architects in facing the issue of climate change. As one of the most affected countries by climate change, Bangladesh needs to devise ways to face the challenge urgently. Climate change affects the environment we live in, producing severe weather events like cyclones and floods. On a less noticeable scale, it is also making life slowly uncomfortable and increasing the burden on corrective energy sources to reverse conditions towards comfort. The architecture of the built-environment needs to be climate-responsive in order to cope with these changing variables. At the same time, one needs to examine the present characteristics of the built-environment and seeks means of adaptation so that the existing stock can serve parameters that are being modified due to climate change. Due to the importance of the built-environment in influencing climate change, the role of architects is considered vital in the immediate future, towards designing buildings which are not too demanding on environmental conditions. Decisions during the design phase taken by architects can have significant impact on the surroundings and can influence the energy efficiency of the buildings themselves. As shapers of the built-environment Architects have a social responsibility to ensure that their designs do not unduly disturb existing environmental conditions and serve as impediments to sustainability. The key features in a building’s design that influence its impact on the environment, like orientation, form, shape, elevation, etc, are discussed in the paper. The discussion also recognises the importance of intervention at the policy-level to facilitate the task of Architects towards designing for sustainability. It requires concerted and coordinated efforts from these separate groups, the designers, the users and the policy-makers, to arrive at climatically sensitive environmental solutions.

In this selection, newly written for this edition of The City Reader, Stephen Wheeler, an associate professor of landscape architecture and environmental design at the University of California, Davis, addresses one of the most important threats to cities and towns around the world and what many consider the greatest challenge humanity has ever faced -global climate change. As Wheeler points out, carbon from greenhouse gases (GHG) is the biggest culprit, so planning low-emission or carbon-neutral cities for the future is a major urban planning challenge everywhere in the world. Wheeler argues that even meeting that very difficult urban planning goal will not be enough. Harmful effects of global climate change are already inevitable and in the coming decades urban planners must help communities mitigate the effects of global climate change that have already occurred or will occur despite best efforts now.

2012

Purpose – Urban landscapes play a significant role in supporting municipal, ecological and social systems. Besides, valuable environmental services and urban green spaces provide social and psychological services, very important for the liveability of modern cities and the well-being of urban residents. It is clear that the area of green space in a city, the method of designing urban landscape and access to urban green space potentially affect the health, happiness, comfort, safety and security of urban dwellers. Urban landscape plays a significant role in providing habitats for wildlife, and an important vegetation type in doing this is species rich herbaceous vegetation that provides pollen and nectar plus physical habitat for native fauna. Any factor that makes an impression on the urban landscape (such as climate change) will affect people’s lives directly or indirectly. There is a universal consensus that the temperature has increased in most of the world over the past century ...

Routledge eBooks, 2009

War is already upon us The war against climate change pitches mankind against a global threat that vastly eclipses that of terrorism,� 1 in battles that have already claimed the lives of hundreds of thousands of ordinary men and women from every continent. Climate change has led us into an era in which war and conflict are endemic,� 2 the widespread extinction of species approaches catastrophic proportions,� 3 and whole regions and countries will be lost beneath the swelling seas and the expanding deserts of a rapidly warming world. And the really bad news is that 'the world has only one generation,� perhaps two,� to save itself'. 4 We all instinctively know,� already,� that the climate is changing,� from the small noticed things like the unseasonable patterns of the flowering of plants,� the falling of snow and the growing in strength of the wind and the rain. With this knowledge comes a growing apprehension of danger. Deep down,� in quiet moments,� we ask ourselves questions that a year or two ago were unthinkable: l What will I do when the lights do go out? l Will the house flood next year? l Will my home get so hot this summer that I won't be able to stay in it? l How long could I survive in this building without air conditioning? l Where will we go? l Will we survive? This book is written to enable you,� the reader,� to get a clearer view of the ways in which the climate is changing and how these changes will affect your life tomorrow and the day after,� in the buildings,� settlements and regions in which you live and work. Only by emotionally registering,� by consciously taking on board,� the scale of the impending global disaster ahead will any of us find the strength to act in time to avert the worst of its impacts. But not only do we have to act fast,� we also have to act together. Actions will only be effective if we all act together because each of us is 'involved' in the fate of all mankind through the common air that we breathe and the climate we occupy. As you will see throughout this book,� people can apparently be 'familiar' with the excellent science of climate change,� and 'know' intellectually the problems that exists,� but still fail to engage Highlights from the Stern Report of 2005 showing the escalation in possible impacts or increasing global temperatures.