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2009, Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery from Sensor Data - SensorKDD '09
Clustering is an established data mining technique for grouping objects based on similarity. For sensor networks one aims at grouping sensor measurements in groups of similar measurements. As sensor networks have limited resources in terms of available memory and energy, a major task sensor clustering is efficient computation on sensor nodes. As a dominating energy consuming task, communication has to be reduced for a better energy efficiency. Considering memory, one has to reduce the amount of stored information on each sensor node.
International Conference on Broadband Networks, 2000
By deploying wireless sensor nodes and composing a sensor network, one can remotely obtain information about the behavior, conditions, and positions of entities in a re- gion. Since sensor nodes operate on batteries, energy- efficient mechanisms for gathering sensor data are indis- pensable to prolong the lifetime of a sensor network as long as possible. A sensor node consumes energy:
22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications - Workshops (aina workshops 2008), 2008
Sensor networks usually generate continuous stream of data over time. Clustering sensor data as a core task of mining sensor data plays an essential role in analytical applications of sensor networks. Although several algorithms have been proposed to address the problem of distributed clustering, in the domain of sensor networks these algorithms face major new challenges such as limited communication bandwidth and constraints in power supply, and storage resources. Moreover, previous studies about clustering in sensor networks have mostly focused on clustering sensor nodes and designing better network topology for the purpose of energy conservation rather than clustering sensor data for future analytical purposes. In this paper a communication efficient distributed algorithm is proposed for clustering sensory data. This approach addresses the limited bandwidth issue through summarized transmissions. Furthermore communication efficiency of the algorithm contributes to reduced power consumption. Time efficiency of the algorithm is evaluated through simulation experiments and the results are presented.
—A wireless sensor network comprises a number of small sensors that communicate with each other. Each sensor collects the data and communicates through the network to a single processing center that is a base station. The communication of node and process of message passing consumes energy. This energy consumption by the nodes to transmit data decreases the network lifetime significantly. Clustering is by far the best solution to save the energy consumption in the context of such network. Clustering divides the sensors into groups, so that sensors communicate information only to cluster heads and then the cluster heads communicate the aggregated information to the processing center so as to save energy. This paper studies and discusses various dimensions and approaches of some broadly discovered algorithms for clustering. It also presents a comparative study of various clustering algorithms and discussion about the potential research areas and the challenges of clustering in wireless sensor networks.
Why to build clusters in sensor networks ? Agregating nodes in clusters allows to reduce the complexity of the routing algorithms, to optimize the medium resource by letting it to be locally managed by a cluster head, to make easy the data fusion, to simplify the network management and particularly the address allocation, to optimize the energy consumption, and at last to make the network more scalable. Using clusters allows also to stabilize the topology if the cluster size is large in comparison to the speed of the nodes. This chapter is dedicated to clustering in sensor networks. First, the state of the art is presented, followed by the detailed presentation of one of the best and most cited cluster formation method with its validation and correction. Then, the next parts of the chapter are dedicated to some considerations on cluster modelling. In the last part, a method to assign addresses to the nodes within a cluster is presented.
International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing, 2006
Since sensor nodes operate on batteries, energy-efficient mechanisms for gathering sensor data are indispensable in prolonging the lifetime of a sensor network as long as possible.
2019
Wireless Sensor Networks are comprised of thousands of sensor nodes which are disseminated in a specific region to screen natural conditions like temperature, sound, pressure and so on and agreeably pass their information to the base station. WSN is steadily creating innovation. There are substantial scale applications in WSN like ecological observing, front line mindfulness, temperature detecting and so on in this way, there is need of expanding network lifetime in WSN as changing sensors regularly isn't conceivable for all intents and purposes constantly. In the past methods, the clustering of nodes isn't balanced and this can make the network energy unbalanced. Based on their separation and location, making it basically not quite the same as the Proposed Location Based Clustering Algorithm (LBC) can perform superior to anything leaving LEACH and Rescue Phase to shape a cluster. In LBC algorithm the location of every single present hub in the network are computed as for X, Y-organizes. This can maintain a strategic distance from arbitrary choice of nodes in clusters. It enhances the adjusting of the network and energy of network can be spared. Proposed Center Point Detection Clustering Algorithm (CPDC) decides the focal point of the cluster and closest hub to that point with high energy chose as Cluster Head (CH).
2021
Wireless networks data aggregation allows in-network processing, reduces packet transmission and data redundancy, and thus helps extend wireless sensor systems to the full duration of their lives. There have been many ways of dividing the network into clusters, collecting information from nodes and adding it to the base station, to extend wireless sensor network life. Certain cluster algorithms consider the residual energy of the nodes when selecting clusterheads and others regularly rotate the selection head of the cluster. However, we seldom investigate the network density or local distance. In this report we present an energy-efficient clustering algorithm that selects the best cluster heads of the system after dividing the network into clusters. The cluster head selection depends on the distance between the base station nodes and the remaining power of this approach.Each node's residual energy is compared to the node count. Our results show that the solution proposed more ef...
International Journal of Scientific Research and Management, 2017
The applications of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are growing at rapid pace and providing pervasive computing environments. Energy constraints is the most critical issue in sensor applications and that needs be optimized to prolong the life of resource constrained sensor network. Clustering is an efficient technique to group the sensor nodes of entire network into number of clusters to support high scalability and provide better data aggregation by efficient utilization of limited resources of sensor nodes and that prolongs network lifetime. In this paper, some widely explored clustering algorithms in WSNs are discussed on several aspects and characteristics such as clustering timings, clustering attributes, convergence rate etc. The advantages and disadvantages of corresponding clustering algorithms are also explained with suitable examples. The paper finally concludes with discussion on the challenges of clustering in WSNs with mentioning the future research topics.
情報処理学会研究報告. UBI,[ユビキタス …, 2005
抄録 Many in-network aggregation and clustering methods have been proposed for reducing energy consumption in sensor networks. In this paper, we propose an unbalanced and distributed clustering algorithm based on in-network aggregation at nodes within clusters. ...
International Symposium on Computer Networks, 2006
Energy efficiency operations are essential in extending wireless sensor networks lifetime. Among the energy-saving-based solutions, clustering sensor nodes is an interesting alternative that features a reduction in energy consumption through: (i) aggregating data; (ii) controlling transmission power levels (iii) balancing load; (iv) putting redundant sensor nodes to sleep. This paper introduces a novel clustering algorithm that uses a distributed approach
2009 Fourth International Conference on Digital Information Management, 2009
A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a form of network that consists of randomly distributed devices/nodes in a known space. In this kind of environment there are two major concerns that governs the e f ficiency, availability and functionality of the network, namely power consumption and fault tolerance. This paper introduces a new algorithm that is Power Efficient Cluster Algorithm (PECA). The main focus of the proposed algorithm is to reduce the power consumption required to setup the network since it is the stage where power is used the most. This is achieved by reducing the total number of radio transmission required for the network setup. As a fault tolerance approach the algorithm stores some information about each node for easier recovery of the network should any node fails in the network. The proposed algorithm is compared with Self Organizing Sensor (SOS) algorithm; the result shows that PECA consume significantly less power than SOs.
The large-scale deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and the need for data aggregation necessitate efficient organization of the network topology for the purpose of balancing the load and prolonging the network lifetime. Clustering has proven to be an effective approach for organizing the network into a connected hierarchy. In this article, we highlight the challenges in clustering a WSN, discuss the design rationale of the different clustering approaches, and classify the proposed approaches based on their objectives and design principles. We further discuss several key issues that affect the practical deployment of clustering techniques in sensor network applications.
Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 2011
In many sensor network applications, it is essential to get the data distribution of the attribute value over the network. Such data distribution can be got through clustering, which partitions the network into contiguous regions, each of which contains sensor nodes of a range of similar readings. This paper proposes a method named Distributed, Hierarchical Clustering (DHC) for online data analysis and mining in senior networks. Different from the acquisition and aggregation of raw sensory data, DHC clusters sensor nodes based on their current data values as well as their geographical proximity, and computes a summary for each cluster. Furthermore, these clusters, together with their summaries, are produced in a distributed, bottom-up manner. The resulting hierarchy of clusters and their summaries facilitates interactive data exploration at multiple resolutions. It can also be used to improve the efficiency of data-centric routing and query processing in sensor networks. We also design and evaluate the maintenance mechanisms for DHC to make it be able to work on evolving data. Our simulation results on real world datasets as well as synthetic datasets show the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach.
2009
Clustering is an established data mining technique for grouping objects based on similarity. For sensor networks one aims at grouping sensor measurements in groups of similar measurements. As sensor networks have limited resources in terms of available memory and energy, a major task sensor clustering is efficient computation on sensor nodes. As a dominating energy consuming task, communication has to be reduced for a better energy efficiency. Considering memory, one has to reduce the amount of stored information on each sensor node.
The wireless sensor networks have attracted much research attention in recent years and are used in many applications including military environment, health monitoring, environment monitoring and other fields. In these applications sensors with limited energy are employed. These sensors measure conditions such as humidity, temperature and light in the environment surrounding them and then transform these data into electrical signals. There is a question "Which ones of attributes processed can be seen around these sensors?" power consumption are important factors for a sensor network. In this paper a new clustering algorithm is proposed that can be used for minimizing the power consumption and prolong the network life time.
Learning from Data Streams, 2007
The traditional knowledge discovery environment, where data and processing units are centralized in controlled laboratories and servers, is now completely transformed into a web of sensorial devices, some of them with local processing ability. This scenario represents a new knowledge-extraction environment, possibly not completely observable, that is much less controlled by both the human user and a common centralized control process.
IJRCAR, 2014
Wireless sensor network consists of many tiny sensor nodes. Energy, bandwidth, processing power and memory nodes are limited. Hence reducing power consumption, increasing the network lifetime and scalability are the main challenges in sensor networks. Cluster based routing protocols are the most useful schemes for extending Wireless Sensor Networks lifetime through dividing the nodes into several clusters and electing of a local cluster head for aggregating of data from cluster nodes and transmitting a packet to Base Station. However, there are several energy efficient cluster-based methods in the literature. In this paper, we will review clustering in wireless sensor networks and LEACH algorithm
Wireless sensor networks consist of many micro sensor nodes that are dispersed in a limited geographical area. The nodes are wireless interconnected. Each node works independently and without human intervention and typically, it is physically very small with limitations in processing power, memory capacity, power supply and etc. The nodes in these networks carry limited and mainly irreplaceable energy resources. Given that a node acts also as a router, the node dysfunction eliminates them from the network topology and hence the network reorganization and rerouting the transmitting packet occurs. It will increase energy consumption and may also cause a part of the environment to get out of the supervision and control of the network. Since battery life virtually specifies the node life cycle, these network needs to work under energyefficient protocols and structures. In this paper, a Energy Aware Clustering Approach (EACA) is presented for wireless sensor networks. To reduce overhead in this study, a multilevel and distributed clustering algorithm is proposed, that converts a flat network into a hierarchical multilevel structure and provides an appropriate infrastructure to rout and gather the data correctly. Also, In this protocol the best Cluster Head is selected periodically by considering a series of criteria, including the residual energy, lower communication costs and the minimum distance between the cluster head and the cluster members which consequently offers an energy efficient clustering protocol that increases the network lifetime. Our new approach uses the least amount of energy in the clustering process and will quickly terminate the clustering process. In addition, there is no assumption about the density, capabilities or synchronization of the node. The simulation results demonstrate that the clustering algorithm can effectively reduce the energy consumption and increase the system lifetime compared to the LEACH protocol, which is one of the most efficient clustering protocols.
2011
The design of a microsensor network has to be carried out under several constraints, e.g., limited energy source and dynamic network topology. One practical design scheme in WSNs is clustering. Clustering is an energy efficient and scalable way to organize the WSN. Clustering can stabilize the network topology at the level of sensors and thus cuts on topology maintenance overhead. Recently, a number of clustering algorithms have been specifically designed for WSNs. These proposed clustering techniques widely vary depending on the overall network architectural and operation model and their objectives. In this paper, classification of clustering algorithms is carried out i.e. as energy efficient type, duty cycle control type and third type is the one derived from classic graphic theory. In this paper focus is on the energy efficient type of clustering protocols. Furthermore, classification and analysis of energy efficient protocols viz. LEACH and PEGASIS is presented. Also a hybrid ap...
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