MA complete thesis.docx

I dedicate this work to my family members who instilled great inspiration to me during the course. To my Mum Rukiah K. Namaswa for the prayers, support and the constant encouragement she instilled in me all through the process of making this research paper a success. A special dedication to my Dad who would have been prouder for this great achievement, may his soul continue resting in peace. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am grateful to the Almighty God for the good health, wellbeing and intellectual power which were crucial for this research. To Mum, I offer my sincere gratitude to you for your moral, financial and material support that you have graced upon my education. Indeed, you have been a source of inspiration to my life. I also acknowledge my brothers and sister: Michael S. Namaswa, Philip W. Namaswa Dickson W. Namaswa and Rehema Nalwende who greatly encouraged me to employ the best possible efforts in this research. To my ever supportive relatives, to you I am indebted! I wish to convey my sincere thanks to my supervisor, MR. MAURICE ODUOR, for the great support, for his motivation, patience, insightful comments, and expertise. His guidance assisted me greatly during the dissertation. To Moi university teaching, non-teaching staff and the Class of 2020, thank you for being resourceful and enabling me to complete this journey. A special mention to Hosea Kibett who was ever at the forefront championing for rights and entitlements, we are grateful Kiongozi.

God, first and foremost, for bringing me this far and never leaving my side until this dissertation was completed, "For I was confident of this, that he who began a good work in me will carry it on to completion until the day of Christ Jesus" (Phil 1:6). This was one of life"s greatest challenges but I was prepared for the task as I firmly believed that "my help would come from the Lord, who made heaven and earth" (Ps. 121:2) and that I would make a success of this journey as I have "placed my hope in the Lord and will soar on wings like eagles" (Isaiah 40:31) and reach new heights in my career. My parents and sister, for all the support and sacrifices made and for guiding me so that I could achieve all I set out to do. I am most grateful to my parents for constantly reminding me to grab every educational opportunity with both hands as they strongly believe that education is the most powerful, precious and significant thing they could ever provide for their children. They kept me focused while I was on this journey and they never failed to reassure me that I was capable of completing this dissertationeven at times when I felt I could not carry on. A special word of thanks goes to my supervisor, Professor Robert Peacock who guided and supported me without wavering, never doubting my potential as a young academic. I appreciate and respect your professionalism and your encouraging words to always try my best in order to produce optimal results. Thank you to my extended family, colleagues and friends for the love and support throughout this entire process. And lastly, but not leasta big thank you to the shelters, organisations and participants who formed part of this study. My sincerest appreciation goes to the participants for allowing me to document their experiences which helped give this study meaning, purpose and value. Declaration I, Jean-Paul Pophaim, declare that this dissertation is my own unaided work. All citations, references and borrowed ideas have been duly acknowledged. This dissertation is being submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Masters of Social Science with Specialisation in Criminology at the Department of Criminology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. I also hereby confirm that this research has not been previously submitted for a qualification at another institution of higher education.

APPROVED BY: _________________________ ______________ Advisor Signature _________________________ _______________ Examiner Signature ________________________ _______________ Examiner Signature 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Firstly, I would like to extend my appreciation to my advisor Doctor Abiy Yigzaw for his valuable comments to my work accomplishment in a friendly professional manner and for his fatherly active approach of teaching. Secondly, my heartfelt gratitude is to my wife Beletu Bahiru and my daughter Ephrata Minasie for their unfailing inspirational motive that they inculcate in my mind which enforces me to finalize my paper on time. I am indebted also to my mother 'Emet' Bithon Kidie, to the whole family for their cordial moral and material support. Above and beyond, the batch that I have learned with has had substantial contributions in my work in constructing my wrongly perceived ideas with new scientific perspectives. Finally, I would like to extend my outright gratitude to Doctor Rebecca Simon for her humorous, friendly, orderly, planned and systematic teaching style, to Mrs. Emily Boersema for her devotion in helping the batch to have established published article writing style by handing immense articles which the researcher has found substantial. Last but not least, I would like to admire Ato Mulugeta for his fresh memories in learning research methods in language teaching and the department of English and staff members for their mannerly cooperativeness for every gears of my study. 5 Abstract The importance of conducting needs has been found fundamental. The aim of this study has been to identify English language needs of Alkan, Kiyamed and Gambi Medical colleges in Bahir Dar town. Three hundred students and five teachers, and five executive bodies of each of the medical colleges and the Amhara Bureau of Education and Health Bureau had participated in the study. The methods of data collection were semistructured questionnaire, semi-structured interview and document analysis. The data collection methods were referring to the language skills, language use, language testing, teaching methods, and other related issues to ESP (English for Academic Purposes). Both descriptive and inferential statistics had been employed in analyzing the raw data collected. Quota and random, comprehensive, and purposive samplings were used to the students, to the teachers and executive bodies respectively. The result shows that speaking and reading are favorite skills of the students while the teachers recommend speaking and writing as the most important skills to medical students. Reported speech, communicative activities and tense types were found the grammatical and functional language needs of the students. The teachers and the students prescribe the need of learning ESP for the best possible English use in their field of study while the executive bodies suggested GPE. Using varying items in testing (depending on their needs) is recommended to meet the diversified needs of the students. Thus, the colleges and Bureau of education and Bureau of Health need to emphasis the need of the students and have to revise the present day materials in light with the students needs.

Special thanks go to the Most Rev. Stanley Ntagali Archbishop of the Church of Uganda for allowing me to upgrade in academics and Mr. Tumwebaze Nicholas of Kabalega College Masindi for his assistance and all guidance availed to me during this research process. And to my dear wife Mrs. Enid. A. Kiviiri, thank you for all the continuous support and encouragement till the end of this project and masters program. I feel indebted to my mother Ms. Namatovu Florence, my brother Mr. Kaye Christopher and all my children, you all contributed in one way or another and prayed to see that I complete the study successfully. Finally for those not mentioned here, I thank you very much for your contribution.

First and for most, my heartily thanks go to Almighty God for his graciously provision of knowledge, wisdom, inspiration and diligence required for the successful completion of this paper and for bringing my dreams into reality. I am also greatly indebted to my advisor Zemenu A (Ass.Proff), for his countless suggestions, assistance and invaluable advice. I would like to extend thanks to staff, who were cooperative and helpful; especially, who supported me to succeed in my academic progress. Lastly but not the least, my warmest appreciation and thanks goes to my beloved family.

2014

This dissertation would not have been completed without the contribution of the following special people to whom my sincere appreciation and thanks are due: My supervisor, Prof. Elias R. Mathipa, for his expert guidance, sound advice, inspiration and patience; My editor, Silvia Nyambura, for proofreading the manuscript, as well as for her motivation and friendly encouragement; Dr CDM Tlale for editing the final manuscript; Mom and Dad, for their support, positive expectations, patience and love; My son Leslie, for always being there, watching with interest and enduring with patience; My sisters, brother and nephews, for their unselfish support and unfailing encouragement; My friend Elizabeth, who served as my role model unknowingly, for her undying support, time and tolerance; and All lecturers and students, who participated in this study for their cooperation, and unselfish sharing of information,

First and foremost, I want to express my gratitude to my God for providing me with the courage, determination, and health that I have needed throughout my life, as well as for assisting and caring for me during the writing of this thesis. Second, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor, Dr. Damtew Tsige, and my coadvisor, Mr. Tewodros Tsegaye, for their unwavering help in the form of supervision and guidance, as well as the provision of necessary related literatures, valuable reference materials, and information to complete this study.

This thesis project is dedicated to my parents, brothers and sisters, friends, classmates and my lecturers who have helped me to be the person I am today. They have been with me every step of my way, through good and bad times. Thank you for all unconditional love, guidance and support that you have always being by my side, which helped me to reach this success. I thank to everyone for everything they have done for me. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First, I Would like to give many more thanks to ALLAH, the most merciful and the most compassionate, who gave me this wonderful opportunity to prepare and write this thesis book. My second appreciation goes to my parents: my Mother Khadija Haji Nor Heile and my Father Abdulkadir Ahmed Mohamud for their kindness, care, love, good nurturing and their endless support for me. The success of this thesis is attributed to the extensive support and assistance from my Supervisor Dr. Hassan Osman Ga'al I am gratefully thanking to him for his encouragement, and guidance from the initial to the final level which enabled me to understand and develop the subject of my thesis. I sincerely appreciate my beloved brother, Abdirahman Abdulkadir Ahmed for his continuous support since my childhood until now and stand with me during my educational journey, and my friends, Abdirahman Abdi Mohamed and Hanad Dahir Adan, whom we have supported each other during the hard times of our educational journey. Many more thanks to all my family, friends and my relatives for their sincere wish for my success and constant encouragements.