The Edible Mushrooms Pleurotus spp.: Medicinal values

Mushrooms health benefit was recognized in the Orient from several thousand years ago as globally consumption and has third largest commercially production. The genus Pleurotus (oyster mushroom) is an organoleptic fast growing fungus which belongs to basidiomycota group. Although 70 species is discovered until now for this genus, but only few of them are available in market such as Pleurotus florida, P. sajor-caju and P. ostreatus. They have been used in human diet throughout the world due to their rich nutrients such as protein, fiber carbohydrate, minerals, vitamins and lipid. It should be noted that low amount calories, Sodium, fat and cholesterol is reported in this genus. Many pharmaceutical companies in the Far East and China are viewing the medicinal mushrooms as a rich source of innovative biomedical molecules. These molecules can be extracted from different part of oyster mushroom such as fruiting body, mycelia and culture broth. Mainly they are biopolymers including polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids as they are more variable to carry biological information. The medicinal properties of Pleurotus spp studied by several authors, as a result antitumor, immunomodulating, antiviral, antibacterial, antigenotoxic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolamic, antihypertensive, antiinociceptive, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-platelet-aggregating, antihepatoma, anti poliferative and antiatherosclerotic. In this chapter, biodivertsity of genus Pleurotus will be discussed regarding nutritional and bioactive compounds. Furthermore the prospective of oyster mushroom for therapeutic application and concept will be highlighted.

Mushrooms have been used as food supplement from times immemorial not only for their flavour, aroma and nutritive values but also for their medicinal properties as evident from ancient literature. In the present day world they are known for culinary values due to their high-quality proteins, vitamins, fibres and many medicinal properties and accordingly they are called nutraceuticals. Pleurotus as health promoter and environmental restorer is gaining more importance as compared to other medicinal mushrooms resulting in an upsurge in their R and D activities during the past two decades. The chemical nature of the bioactive compounds present in this mushroom includes: polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, proteins, peptides, glycoproteins, nucleosides, triterpenoids, lectins, lipids and their derivatives. In this review databases were extensively searched, collected and analysed with an aim to update the present status and to project future prospects of Pleurotus for their biomedical potentials. The presented information will give a new notion to researchers for upgrading Pleurotus species from functional food to holistic mushroom medicine.

Mushrooms have been used as food supplement from times immemorial not only for their flavour, aroma and nutritive values but also for their medicinal properties as evident from ancient literature. In the present day world they are known for culinary values due to their high-quality proteins, vitamins, fibres and many medicinal properties and accordingly they are called nutraceuticals. Pleurotus as health promoter and environmental restorer is gaining more importance as compared to other medicinal mushrooms resulting in an upsurge in their R and D activities during the past two decades. The chemical nature of the bioactive compounds present in this mushroom includes: polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, proteins, peptides, glycoproteins, nucleosides, triterpenoids, lectins, lipids and their derivatives. In this review databases were extensively searched, collected and analysed with an aim to update the present status and to project future prospects of Pleurotus for their biomedical potentials. The presented information will give a new notion to researchers for upgrading Pleurotus species from functional food to holistic mushroom medicine.

Novel Research in Microbiology Journal, 2020

In this review paper, different characteristics especially medicinal values of Oyster mushroom were described. As a mycological expression, mushrooms are a fruiting body of macro fungi i.e. Basidiomycota that represents only a short reproductive stage in their life cycle. They have a long association with humankind, and provide profound biological and economic impacts. Starting from ancient times, mushrooms are consumed by man with delicacy, due to their good taste and pleasing flavor. Pleurotus ostreatus is an edible mushroom with high nutritional values and biomedical importance's, since it contains a large number of bioactive components that cause development of its therapeutic functions. The bioactive components that are present in Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom comprise: polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, proteins, peptides, glycoproteins, nucleosides, tri-terpenoids, lectins, lipids and their derivatives, in addition of its vital medicinal components beneficial for the human health. Moreover, Pleurotus ostreatus possess several medicinal properties including; anti-arthritic, antitumor, immune-modulatory, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antigenotoxic, hypo cholesterolaemic, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-hypertensive, antiplatelet aggregating, antiviral and antimicrobial activities.

Folia Horticulturae

There are about 40 species in the Pleurotus genus, including those with high economic significance, i.e. P. ostreatus and P. pulmonarius. The fruiting bodies of oyster mushrooms are of high nutritional and health-promoting value. In addition, many species belonging to the Pleurotus genus have been used as sources of substances with documented medicinal properties, such as high-molecular weight bioactive compounds (polysaccharides, peptides and proteins) and low-molecular weight compounds (terpenoids, fatty acid esters and polyphenols). The bioactive substances contained in the mycelium and fruiting bodies of Pleurotus species exhibit immunostimulatory, anti-neoplastic, anti-diabetic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-oxidative properties. Their multidirectional positive influence on the human organism is the result of interaction of bioactive substances. Extracts from individual Pleurotus species can be used for the production of dietary supplements inc...

Folia Horticulturae, 2018

There are about 40 species in the Pleurotus genus, including those with high economic significance, i.e. P. ostreatus and P. pulmonarius. The fruiting bodies of oyster mushrooms are of high nutritional and healthpromoting value. In addition, many species belonging to the Pleurotus genus have been used as sources of substances with documented medicinal properties, such as high-molecular weight bioactive compounds (polysaccharides, peptides and proteins) and low-molecular weight compounds (terpenoids, fatty acid esters and polyphenols). The bioactive substances contained in the mycelium and fruiting bodies of Pleurotus species exhibit immunostimulatory, anti-neoplastic, anti-diabetic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-oxidative properties. Their multidirectional positive influence on the human organism is the result of interaction of bioactive substances. Extracts from individual Pleurotus species can be used for the production of dietary supplements increasing the organism's immunity. They are also used for the production of cosmetics. They can be added to functional foods as probiotics, or used as natural preservatives or ingredients of special foodstuffs for patients with specific diseases. Ke y wor d s: fruiting bodies, functional food, health-promoting activities, oyster mushrooms Bioactive compounds and medicinal properties of Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus sp.

Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security, 2021

HE HUMANITY tries to find alternative sources for everyday nutrition beside the traditional ones, which include meats, fruits and vegetables. The edible mushrooms are considered a promising non-traditional source for human diet. Among mushroom species, the genus of Pleurotus is commercially essential mushrooms, which produces alone about 25% of total cultivated throughout the world. Pleurotus mushrooms are rich in several nutritional compounds like dietary fibers, proteins, carbohydrates, essential amino acids, water-soluble vitamins, and minerals as well as many functional bioactive molecules including polyphenols, polysaccharides, lipids, and terpenoids. The current review focuses on the genus of Pleurotus and its different mushroom species. This mushroom has a great attraction from consumers due to its desirable flavor and aroma. This mushroom has also several applications because of its antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, hypotensive and cytotoxic attributes. Like any scientific theme, more and further open questions concerning the mushroom of Pleurotus ostreatus and its handling should be answered.

Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2016

Background: The particular characteristics of growth and development of mushrooms in nature result in the accumulation of a variety of secondary metabolites, several of them with biological activities. The genus Pleurotus is a cosmopolitan group of mushrooms with high nutritional value and therapeutic properties, besides a wide array of biotechnological and environmental applications. Scope and approach: The present report aims to provide a critical review on aspects related to chemical compounds isolated from the genus Pleurotus with possible biotechnological, nutritional and therapeutic uses. Investigations on the genus have immensely accelerated during the last ten years, so that only reports published after 2005 have been considered. Key findings and conclusions: The most important Pleurotus species cultivated in large scale are P. ostreatus and P. pulmonarius. However, more than 200 species have already been investigated to various degrees. Both basidiomata and mycelia of Pleurotus are a great renewable and easily accessible source of functional foods/nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals with antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antitumor and immunomodulatory effects. A series of compounds have already been precisely defined including several polysaccharides, phenolics, terpenes and sterols. However, intensification of structure determination is highly desirable and demands considerable efforts. Further studies including clinical trials need to be carried out to ascertain the safety of these compounds as adequate alternatives to conventional drugs. Not less important is to extend the search for novel bioactives to less explored Pleurotus species.

Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences

International Journal of Biotechnology for Wellness Industries, 2015

Mushrooms are macrofungi with numerous varieties and widely known as food and medicine in many ancient cultures. They are considered as potential source of many essential nutrients as well as therapeutic bioactive compounds and thus became one of the main components in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and in Japanese herbal medicine since more than two thousand years. The genus Pleurotus (widely known as oyster mushroom) is fast growing fungus belongs to basidiomycota group and considered as one of the famous species with many health benefits. Nowadays, seventy species of this genus has been discovered, but solely a few of them such as P. florida, P. sajor-caju and P. ostreatus are available in the market. The rich nutrients such as proteins, fibers, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and lipids present this mushroom as famous healthy food. Furthermore, Bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acid are extracted from various species of Pleurotus tends the researcher to investigate more on this beneficial genus. This work is focused on reviewing the recent work published in the biodiversity and nutritional content of Pleurotus spp.