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The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. UB Robot Swarm – Design, Implementation, and Power Management Abstract— In this paper we describe the hardware architecture of an inexpensive, heterogeneous robot swarm, designed and developed at the RISC lab, University of Bridgeport. Each swarm robot is equipped with sensors, actuators, control and communication units, power supply, and interconnection mechanism. This article also describes the essential features and design of a power distribution and management system for a dynamically reconfigurable system. It further presents the empirical results of the proposed power management system collected with the real robotic applications.
In this work we present the hardware architecture of a mobile heterogeneous robot swarm, designed and implemented at the Interdisciplinary Robotics, Intelligent Sensing and Control (RISC) Laboratory, University of Bridgeport. Most of the recent advances in swarm robotics have mainly focused on homogeneous robot swarms and their applications. Developing and coordinating a multi-agent robot system with heterogeneity and a larger behavioral repertoire is a great challenge. To give swarm hardware heterogeneity we have equipped each swarm robot with different set of sensors, actuators, control and communication units, power supply, and an interconnection mechanism. This paper discusses the hardware heterogeneity of the robotic swarm and its challenges. Another issue addressed in paper is the active power management of the robotic agents. The power consumption of each robot in the UB robot swarm is calculated and the power management technique is also explained in this paper. We applied this heterogeneous robot swarm to perform three sample tasks – Mapping task, human rescue task and wall painting task. Copyright © Research Institute for Intelligent Computer Systems, 2015. All rights reserved.
This paper describes the design, development and implementation procedures of a swarm-robotics project at the Machine Intelligence Laboratory (MIL) at the University of Florida. The main objective of this work is to develop a multipurpose and powerful platform for the study and improvement of swarm robotics techniques. The first objective is to produce a set of at least eight small expandable (and easily replicated) robots with on-robot sensory and processing abilities, and with a communication system for off-robot sensors and processing. The second goal is the creation of a cross language platform composed of code written in C, C++ and C#; with a well designed objectoriented platform that closely follows the main paradigms and ideas of object-oriented programming techniques. This paper presents the current state of the ongoing project to create a lowcost, reliable, robust, reusable, movable, size-efficient, powersaving, wireless-capable, and dynamically programmable multiuse research project.
In this paper we described the hardware architecture of an inexpensive, heterogeneous, mobile robot swarm, designed and developed at RISC lab, University of Bridgeport. Each UB robot swarm is equipped with sensors, actuators, control and communication units, power supply, and interconnection mechanism. Robot swarms have become a new research paradigm in the last ten years offering novel approaches, such as self-reconfigurabity, self-assembly, self-replication and self-learning. Developing a multi-agent robot system with heterogeneity and larger behavioral repertoire is a great challenge. This robot swarm is capable of performing user defined tasks such as wall painting, mapping, human rescue operations, task allocation, obstacle avoidance, and object transportation.
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2020
This project presents a swarming and herding behaviour using simple robots. The main goal is to demonstrate the applicability of artificial intelligence (AI) in simple robotics that can then be scaled to industrial and consumer markets to further the ability of automation. AI can be achieved in many different ways; this paper explores the possible platforms on which to build a simple AI robots from consumer grade microcontrollers. Emphasis on simplicity is the main focus of this paper. Cheap and 8 bit microcontrollers were used as the brain of each robot in a decentralized swarm environment were each robot is autonomous but still a part of the whole. These simple robots don't communicate directly with each other. They will utilize simple IR sensors to sense each other and simple limit switches to sense other obstacles in their environment. Their main objective is to assemble at certain location after initial start from random locations, and after converging they would move as a single unit without collisions. Using readily available microcon-trollers and simple circuit design, semi-consistent swarming behaviour was achieved. These robots don't follow a set path but will react dynamically to different scenarios, guided by their simple AI algorithm.
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2015
Swarm Robotics (SR) is a new field of study that is mainly concerned with controlling and coordinating a multiple small robots. SR has several key characteristics that make it a preferable choice for a variety of tasks. The characteristics include lower cost, easiness to program, scalability of tasks and fault tolerance. The robustness from fault tolerance in SR comes from having a group of small robots working on the same task and thus enabling them to tolerate the loss of a few members of the swarm as the other members can still continue with the mission. However it has shown that
2008
This paper describes the design, development and implementation procedures of a swarm-robotics project at the Machine Intelligence Laboratory (MIL) at the University of Florida. The main objective of this work is to develop a multipurpose and powerful platform for the study and improvement of swarm robotics techniques. The first objective is to produce a set of at least eight small expandable (and easily replicated) robots with on-robot sensory and processing abilities, and with a communication system for off-robot sensors and processing. The second goal is the creation of a cross language platform composed of code written in C, C++ and C#; with a well designed objectoriented platform that closely follows the main paradigms and ideas of object-oriented programming techniques. This paper presents the current state of the ongoing project to create a lowcost, reliable, robust, reusable, movable, size-efficient, powersaving, wireless-capable, and dynamically programmable multiuse research project.
2016
In nature it is observed that many insects like bees and ants work in unison .Efficiency of these swarms has been observed to be higher than any individual. Inspired from them, the concept of swarm robotics is presently being researched. This paper aims to explain the basics of swarm robotics and a comparative study of the three fundamental swarm projects. This paper can emerge as a stepping stone for the further developments in the fields of Swarm Robotics. The main aim of this paper is to predict the flow of research in this field and thus provide a base for further development. Thus, after an in depth study of the current projects the practical realization of the prototypes of swarm robots can be achieved without industry level precision.
… on Robotics) October
Service robotics, as it has been intended so far, views the accomplishment of a service mission mainly as the result of the action of a single robot. Swarm robotics tackles the very same problem from a different stance, i.e., as the result of a team effort of simple units. The project described here shows this particular approach. It defines first one simple unit (s-bot) capable of independently moving about on the ground and of dynamically establishing rigid or semi-rigid connections with other fellow units, and then it shows how a large group of them can, as a whole entity (swarm-bot), carry out a given task. Thanks to the ductility in assembling and forming its connections, a swarm-bot can readily cope with occasional failures of some components and promptly reshape the remaining swarm so as to replace the role of the failing units. Given such a plasticity, their possible applications is rather large ranging from harsh environment exploration to goods harvesting or goods transportation. At the moment, the project is at the stage of having defined a first simulating environment to be used both for the ongoing hardware design and for the software control. The present paper describes this particular aspect of the project.
Cornell University - arXiv, 2022
Experiments using large numbers of miniature swarm robots are desirable to teach, study, and test multirobot and swarm intelligence algorithms and their applications. To realize the full potential of a swarm robot, it should be capable of not only motion but also sensing, computing, communication, and power management modules with multiple options. Current swarm robot platforms developed for commercial and academic research purposes lack several of these critical attributes by focusing only on a few of these aspects. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the HeRoSwarm, a fullycapable swarm robot platform with open-source hardware and software support. The proposed robot hardware is a low-cost design with commercial off-the-shelf components that uniquely integrates multiple sensing, communication, and computing modalities with various power management capabilities into a tiny footprint. Moreover, our swarm robot with odometry capability with Robot Operating Systems (ROS) support is unique in its kind. This simple yet powerful swarm robot design has been extensively verified with different prototyping variants and multi-robot experimental demonstrations.
Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics
Robotic swarms represent the application target of the studies presented in this book and therefore required the reader to be acquainted with the main concepts behind this branch of robotics. The introduction of swarm robotics principles is done only after presenting multi-robot systems, in comparison with single robot systems. Among the concepts that are defined in this chapter we mention: swarm robotic system, stigmergy and neighborhoods. After this theoretical introduction, the chapter continues with a presentation of robotic platforms that can be used to validate swarm algorithms. Among the robots listed are the Kilobot, the e-puck and the Khepera. As swarm robotics generally requires a large number of individuals, the costs of running experiments on real robots can become high. For this reason, robot simulation platforms are also discussed at the end of this chapter.
2008 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 2008
In order to develop a robotic system of systems the robotic platforms must be designed and built. For this to happen, the type of application involved should be clear. Swarm robots need to be self contained and powered. They must also be self governing. Here the authors examine various applications and a prototype robot that may be useful in these scenarios.
2007
Swarm robotics deals with emergent behavior of a collection of robots. These robots must be cheap and small in order to make it feasible to have a swarm out of them. In this work we present a prototype for one of such robots with emphasis on communication and processing capabilities. The result is a flexible, reconfigurable, dual-processor robot that could be used in physical modeling of robot swarms. The built prototype shows that further implementations can be easily downsized and inexpensive.
Swarm Intelligence (SI) is the collective behaviour of decentralized, self-organized systems inspired from natural biological systems such as ant colonies, bird flocking, animal herding, bacterial growth, and fish schooling. Swarm Robotics (SR) is an emerging application of swarm principles to robots, it is the study of how to design groups of homogeneous, small and cheap robots that mimicking insects and animals and acts together for robust, scalable and flexible swarm robotic systems. Swarm robots operate without depending upon any external control and infrastructure, the behaviour of robots depends on interactions between robots and between the robots and the environment in which they act. Swarm Robotics has effectively applied in tasks that are risky and difficult for human being or single robot. This Paper is a review of swarm robotics from origin to its future. It contains discussion on introduction to swarm robotics, design of robot swarm, design of robotics collective behaviours, and interaction mechanism and future of swarm robotics.
SUMMARY We present a review of recent activities in swarm robotic research, and analyse existing literature in the field to determine how to get closer to a practical swarm robotic system for real world applications. We begin with a discussion of the importance of swarm robotics by illustrating the wide applicability of robot swarms in various tasks. Then a brief overview of various robotic devices that can be incorporated into swarm robotic systems is presented.
The requirements of a mobile robot to be used as part of a swarm robotic system differs from that of a mobile robot to be used as stand-alone. In this paper, we first provide a wishlist of requirements that would be sought for in mobile robot platforms to be used in swarm robotics research. Then, we describe Kobot, as a new mobile robot platform which is designed to satisfy as much of these requirements. Specifically, we first describe in detail, an infrared-based short-range sensing system that can make proximity measurements with minimal interference from environmental lighting conditions as well as from other robots. The performance of the system, is evaluated with systematic experiments. Then, we present an IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee-based communication system, which is used to develop a system, that can wirelessly program robots either one-by-one or in parallel. Finally, we provide snapshots from the flocking of a Kobot robotic swarm. The paper, reviews and evaluates existing robot platforms that are developed for, or being used in, swarm robotics research in comparison with the Kobot platform and concludes.
The Scientific World Journal, 2014
Deploying large numbers of mobile robots which can interact with each other produces swarm intelligent behavior. However, mobile robots are normally running with finite energy resource, supplied from finite battery. The limitation of energy resource required human intervention for recharging the batteries. The sharing information among the mobile robots would be one of the potentials to overcome the limitation on previously recharging system. A new approach is proposed based on integrated intelligent system inspired by foraging of honeybees applied to multimobile robot scenario. This integrated approach caters for both working and foraging stages for known/unknown power station locations. Swarm mobile robot inspired by honeybee is simulated to explore and identify the power station for battery recharging. The mobile robots will share the location information of the power station with each other. The result showed that mobile robots consume less energy and less time when they are coo...
2015
The swarm robotics inspired from nature is a combination of swarm intelligence and robotics, which shows a great potential in several aspects. It is important to study swarm robotics system because it has desirable properties unlikely to be found in other systems, for example they scale very well; there is no single point of failure, making swarm systems very robust and well suited in operating in safety critical situations. As research progresses in robot system, more and more aspects are explored in multi robot system. This paper describes advances in multi robot system and discusses the current state of art. The focus is principally on the research that has been demonstrated in various entity projects.
2012 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent Systems (CYBER), 2012
ARTICLE INFO Smart systems give rise to smart environments. Concepts of Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things make such smart systems more efficient and bring in the idea of automation. In this paper, an attempt to create such a system has been made. The system focuses on an improved version of the Self Organizing Map Approach with which multi-robots communicate with each other to achieve a specific goal. In the proposed system, the work-load which needs to be dealt with is received on the loading bay. The system stays offline when there is no load and becomes active when load arrives. Server stores the load weight in its database and assigns robots to carry out the task of moving the load. Number of robots needed to move the load is then stored into the corresponding weight file so that future work-load can be assigned the required number of robots directly without single persuasion. All the entities of the system are connected together in a network thus making the system conform to the concept of Internet of Things. The system will gradually learn from previous experiences and act accordingly, thus bringing the concept of Artificial Intelligence and hence, automation.
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Swarm robotic systems is still a new field of study, and exploration of its applications and making use of its advantages can open the door for more research on this field in the near future. In swarm robotic systems, a number of simple robots can perform complex tasks efficiently than a single robot, giving robustness and flexibility to the group. However, robustness is one of the issues that need to be resolved as most of time the robots are suffering from low energy while performing the task. The main objectives of this paper are to highlight the robustness issue in swarm robotic systems and propose a solution to allow swarm robots to remain robust on achieving its task. To demonstrate the problem, foraging algorithm, which is inspired by ant’s behaviour, is simulated to highlight the problem of low energy in swarm robotic system and its effect on its robustness. One of the solutions is mainly by using power stations or banks, but both have its own limitation which are highlighte...
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