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We have to build organizations that are democratic, multiracial, and militant, with a foundation in solidarity…"Solidarity" meaning that even if you don't experience a particular oppression, it doesn't matter, because you understand that as ordinary people, our fates are tied together, and that one group's liberation is dependent upon the liberation of all the oppressed and exploited." -Keeayanga-Yamahtta Taylor 1 "In the airports, we have formed our itinerary. Begin with the joy of disobedience, the love of the stranger, and the hope for the new. Move onward to class hatred and the science of structural analysis. Continue to travel, never satisfied, to arrive at the power that is constituted by organization." -Asad Haider 2
Five Summary Remarks about Socio-Political Solidarity and Action What is at issue in this paper? I am making five basic points. These are guided by an attention to paradox and counter-finalities. The first point is really a question. First, how do we today proceed toward organized political action in the name of abjected groups or in the wake of economic and ecological catastrophe? Admittedly, this is an abstract way of phrasing the question. I’ll remain abstract for a moment, and ask, psychologistically: How to create a “we” today; a “we” that acts together enduringly? Second point, which is a contention: there are useful and less useful measures available for constructing a “we.” To begin with, a “we” plausibly defines itself in light of a “they.” But the key in oppositional situations is not to project noxious elements of a received imaginary onto groups that thereby become potential or real victims—within or without one’s unfolding “we-space.” Third, historical point: If the creation of some “they” is unavoidable—please keep in mind that the conditions of the definition and enactment of logics of enemy-other versus “we-same” or allies becomes, in Carl Schmitt, the essence of what is political because he declares himself strictly opposed to ‘illegitimate’ harm (COP, 48-49). It was Schmitt—right Hegelian student of Max Weber—who most effectively reminded us that the governing concepts in our many political imaginaries were drawn from theology—sovereignty, majesty, solidarity, eschatology. Thus a “we” may close ranks before a “they”; or by a different logic, “we” may coalesce around one who sets “us” apart as our ruler or symbolic institution, say: a certain justice or “the Law.” These are two ways a socio-political “we” forms. In the second case, the symbolic institution (understood actively, as instituting us), like the leaders, also need to mobilize something like a sublime, which provides an ideal for striving and sense of vocation at best; or again something that awes and paralyzes critique at worst. This “something” answers abstractly but effectively the “identity” question: What shall we become? Now a little over ten years ago, Drucilla Cornell wrote of the “imaginary domain” in which women (in her At the Heart of Freedom) could dream of alternative possibilities for living their desire, the orientation of and the work done by their sexuation. For Cornell, this requires the primacy of a positive principle of freedom and equivalent equalities. More on that shortly. For now, I emphasize that this metaphoric “space,” this heuristic, for the imaginative re-creation of a “we”—perhaps even a “we” lacking some threatening “they” to consolidate it—requires an extensive cultural effort—from the arts to literature, to architecture and religion, as these are what configure our willing with our imagining. Fourth point, the counter-imaginary: Marimba Ani, speaking in Harlem, realizes all of this. She gives Pan-Africanists her version of a negative creation myth, combined with unrelenting deconstruction of Western hypocrisy. The book, Yurugu, reads at points like Adorno and Horkheimer’s Dialectic of Enlightenment. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2X_NwaHQsOA (1:40-3:30) “Yurugu”
2021
www.cambridge.org © in this web service Cambridge University Press 1 Leo stands and invites the rest of us to do the same. We push back our small, plastic chairs. About forty of us rise in the circle, acknowledge each other with small nods, and join hands. Witness Against Torture has gathered at Saint Stephen’s Episcopal Church in Washington DC. It is the first week of January 2014. People are now entering the fifth day of their fast. Many have bundled themselves with scarves and hats. Those wearing orange jumpsuits have packed layers of wool and down under the iconic outerwear, preparing to stand for hours in front of the White House in what is certain to be a freezing drizzle. The room is necessarily large for all that it must accommodate. Rectangles of butcher paper scribbled with colorful notes line the back wall. There are lists of team members and their requisite tasks, words, and shapes from direct action planning. A tenfoot plastic folding table is set up for letter writing ...
2025
Plea, defence, utopia-solidarity has become a buzz word. New technologies and the associated national and global networking through data, the challenge of political upheavals that affect social coexistence, the world of labor, access to education as well as family and identity politics, repeatedly raise the question of changing solidarity practices. They make it necessary to fill and define the concept of solidarity anew. The background to this anthology is therefore the question of solidarity practices in an increasingly digitalized, globally connected world that is repeatedly challenged by multiple crises. New connections as well as disruptions are emerging, particularly in the context of social networks, which include not only, but also, spaces within the digital sphere. The call for more solidarity has very different consequences, depending on the context. It quickly becomes clear that what is meant by solidarity and what consequences accompany the call for solidarity is by no means an undisputed universal. The different definitions in terms of extensionality, intensity, framework conditions, forms, goals and duration make it clear that solidarity is a broad field whose ambiguity sometimes carries the risk of instrumentalization (see Dabrock: 2022; and the contribution by Megan Arndt in this volume). Nevertheless, the concept of solidarity is a 'Sehnsuchtswort' (cf. Högg/Rung: 2019), a 'word of longing'. The term continues to be addressed anew, time and time again, particularly in the current German and European political debates on democracy and its foundations (cf. Lesch: 2019), which is increasingly under threat amid the questioning of the social constituent. Nationalist and radical right-wing parties are increasingly gaining ground in Europe and around the world. Their agendas consist of narrowing group affiliations. In the face of this challenge to democracy, work on the concept of solidarity is far from over. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has also played a formative role in the global debate on the concept of solidarity in recent years. It has once again shown the interconnectedness of human actions and bodies in a globalized world as well as their disruptions. The calls for solidarity in times of the pandemic showed that these calls had very different consequences. Often the concept of solidarity was understood asymmetrically in this context. It was linked to the question of 'who is (most) vulnerable?' when it came to determining whom solidarity is applied to.
Monthly Review, 2021
Bill Fletcher Jr. and Bill Gallegos interview Fernando Gapasin on race, class, and building communities of solidarity.
Cultural Politics, 2017
T his article is composed of photographs and remembrances: my own and those of several students and friends who participated in the Women's Marches in New York and Washington, DC, on January 21, 2017. The images and text raise questions brought to life by the marches. They address the efficacy of mass marches and similar forms of protest in an era driven by polarization of both social media and mainstream news media. The article poses such questions as, what was the nature of the Women's March, and how did it differ from previous demonstrations? What did it achieve? Can solidarity be sustained in an environment of heightened and ongoing divisiveness? The election of President Donald J. Trump was a nightmarish event for a large number of Americans and peoples worldwide. Aside from his obvious lack of qualifications and a long list of ongoing questionable business practices, Trump's discourse of hate and fearmongering, coupled with his authoritarian white nationalist agenda and apocalyptic tweetstorms calling for a strong man to "fix" the nation's problems, has set in motion forces and policies that, if implemented, would deny whole segments of the population the very basic dignity of their humanity. Trump's attacks on historical memory, facts and science, public education, the press, and the institutions of governance are paired with his shocking disrespect for the rule of law, including civil, individual, and political protections. Trump's rhetoric has given right-wing extremists in our own and other nations a sense of confidence in their appeal to
If solidarity differs according to the specific concerns that historically oppressed groups face, then some versions of solidarity may offer better resources than others for organizing liberatory movements to end cultural and institutional forms of oppression. Whereas solidarity simpatico to terms of moral and political theories can provide some forms of limited respite from oppression, and may even afford shares of cultural and political rule for some, such forms of solidarity may not foster liberatory emancipation from the long-term status quo that sustains cultural and institutional cruelties overall. Even while grassroots political movements may aim for expanded access to institutional claims and for equality and cultural representation, liberatory movements also have more specific objectives: to challenge the legitimacy of political and moral regimes, and to put those regimes in the obediential service of the vulnerable and oppressed. As I argue, to organize movements around these sorts of objectives will likely require what moral and political solidarity cannot afford. To that end, I propose a notion of liberatory solidarity as relational that differs substantively from other forms because it derives from a concept of relations as making one another.
Ethnic Studies Review, 2020
A discussion facilitated by Jason Magabo Perez, Assistant Professor of Ethnic Studies at California State University (CSU), San Marcos. Featuring commentary and analysis of the statements of solidarity curated by Natchee Blu Barnd included in this issue. KEYWORDS activism, ethnic studies, Statements of Solidarity This historical conjuncture demands deep reflection, critical imagination, and continued action. In the midst of popular protest against continued state-sanctioned anti-Black violence; in the midst of an ongoing pandemic that is disproportionately devasting Black communities, Native communities, and poor communities of color; and in the midst of drastic shifts in the landscape of higher education, the California State Senate passed AB 1460, a bill that would make Ethnic Studies a graduation requirement at California State University. As CSU faculty, we feel it urgent to build solidarity across campuses and with local communities. Using the topic of recent solidarity statements as our point of departure, we gathered to discuss solidarity statements, activism, and the limitations and possibilities of ethnic studies at the university. What follows are excerpts from a casual conversation among five colleagues. By no means is this intended to be representative of our programs, departments , or campuses. We understand this humble effort as a beginning of a conversation, a move toward genuine solidarity.
Intersectionality has gone global. The application and adoption of the concept cuts across disciplinary and territorial boundaries. How can intersectionality inform the work of social justice in the 21 st century? This essay focuses on the practical implications of intersectionality for social movements. First, this essay reviews prominent definitions of intersectionality, identifies a series of tenets, and presents a brief history of the notion of intersectionality. Second, the essay reviews extant explanations of solidarity. This review ends with a proposal for enacting solidarity that is viable for articulating intersectionally-conscious forms of solidarity—intersectional solidarity—suitable for scholars of global politics.
Springer eBooks, 2022
Building a Solidarity Society "Marianne Hill draws on her experience as an activist in both the public and private sectors of our seriously unequal society to expose and challenge the power of the wealthy, and the economic structure on which it is based. This book, then, provides its readers with invaluable insights into how to participate in the struggles for a new and just society. It is recommended, in particular, for inclusion in economics courses that all too often preclude such discussions."
Organization, 2022
This special issue explores how solidarity in difference can be organized as a mutual relation that is based on participation on equal footing, fostering bonds of heterogeneity beyond conceptualizations of solidarity that depend on homogeneity. In this editorial and the five articles comprising this special issue, not only are the challenges to such an endeavor explored, but also the achievements in the present and emerging imaginaries of organizing solidarity beyond an exploitative understanding of difference. The perspectives this special issue brings together include re-centering the Eurocentric concepts of organizing and solidarity, solidarity in research, solidarity as affective practice as well as the political and socio-economic relations that frame them. In addition to promoting an understanding of subjectivity shaped by power relations embedded in multiple social experiences, the articles in this special issue elaborate on solidarity in difference rather than a benevolent s...
Journal of Political Philosophy, 2012
Solidarity is a significant but poorly understood feature of political life. It is typically conceived, in “associative and teleological” terms, as working together for common political aims. But this conception misses the fact that solidarity requires individuals to will collective ends despite incompletely shared interests. Careful consideration of these elements reveals four “dynamics of solidarity”: its characteristic duties, the durability of commitments made in solidarity, the deference it involves, and its effects over time on agents’ habits and capacities. In this article I describe these dynamics, first contrasting solidarity-given duties with duties of beneficence, justice, and loyalty. These contrasts lay bare the distinctive durability of solidarity, which differs from both the liberal’s commitment to justice and the loyalist’s commitment to the group. I then discuss deference, a feature of solidarity that has implications for individual engagement in political life more generally. Finally, I discuss the effects of solidarity on agents’ intellectual and physical capacities. I conclude by drawing out implications of these dynamics, challenging Tommie Shelby’s influential conception and justification of black solidarity and buttressing Philip Soper’s rejection of the Principle of Autonomy.
Across the globe, conditions of labour are worsening, providing both challenges and opportunities. As labour is one of the places where the intersectionality of race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and class is always at work, new models of resistance are created here as well. Deep solidarity describes what happens when the 99% who have to work for a living (including people who are excluded from the job market) realise what they have in common, in order to employ their differences productively in the struggle. In this article, a theologian and a labour and community organiser work together showing how the Abrahamic religious traditions and developments in the world of labour help us to shape deeper forms of solidarity.
in Arto Laitinen and Anne Birgitta Pessi (eds.) Solidarity: Theory and Practice. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 1-29.
We Who Make One Another: Liberatory Solidarity as Relational, 2015
Which conceptions of solidarity will help subjugated, oppressed groups pose liberatory challenges to the regimes under which they suffer? Activists and scholars concerned with liberation err by constraining solidarity to the parameters outlined in conventional moral and political theory and, therefore, by imagining solidarity as dependent on models of identity and shared interests. Organized movements may aim for expanded access to institutional claims and for cultural representation, and yet liberatory movements also have more specific objectives: to challenge the legitimacy of oppressive political and moral regimes, and to put those regimes in the obediential service of the vulnerable and oppressed. I critique notions of solidarity conceived in political philosophy as shared interests, and as a functions of identity in discourses about anti-racist, feminist, and pro-indigenous movements for social justice and cultural inclusion. Using the works of Enrique Dussel, Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, and Elaine Scarry, I argue that a notion of solidarity developed as a relational concept, primarily as a reference to the laborious activities of relating, can serve as a resource for liberatory projects once we describe the three main ideas as a coherent proposition: liberatory solidarity as relational. The concept refers to when individuals and groups continue to relate, to make one another, for the purposes of liberation despite countervailing exploitative power relations, incentives, and disincentives. Those seeking emancipatory change either labor to relate for the sake of liberation, or preserve the bigger-picture status quo in which disparate and episodic enclave movements rise and fall on the terms set by identity politics and fictive individualistic autonomy.
Comparative Migration Studies, 2016
Amerikastudien/American Studies, 2022
Religions
Towards the end of the 20th century, the word “solidarity” became one of the most important and famous words, not only in the sphere of Euro–Atlantic civilization but the word was also readily used in political milieus. In the religious sphere, and especially in the Judeo–Christian tradition, the anthropological, ethical as well as biblical sense of this important concept was emphasized. This sense was recalled in the postulate: Bear one another’s burdens. Never one against the other, but always one and the other, one together with the other. In this day and age, solidarity as a source of inter-human hope poses a real challenge and task for us because we are experiencing such great migrations of people who—for a variety of reasons, frequently very painful ones, and among them the devastating ravages of war—leave behind their places of residence and go into exile. In my study, I will try to show how, in the contemporary world of philosophy and socio-political changes, a modern sense ...
Filozofija i Društvo, 2017
This review essay takes a critical look at two recently published edited volumes, both focusing on the notion and problems of solidarity. Solidarity: Theory and Practice (Laitinen and Pessi, eds.) attempts to unpack the complex idea of solidaristic practice by looking at a whole range of related concepts, such as the social brain, collective intentionality, empathy, work, and voluntary organizations. The Strains of Commitment: The Political Sources of Solidarity in Diverse Societies (Banting and Kymlicka, eds.), on the other hand, focuses on a concrete problem: the generation and maintenance of redistributive solidarity within societies marked by diversity. Still, both volumes take a thorough and systematic look at existing scholarship on solidarity, and by encompassing both the theoretical and the empirical, mark a significant step forward in deepening our understanding of the role and place of solidarity in general social theory.
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