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This research examines Bronze Age burials excavated from Tqemlara, detailing the findings from various kurgans, artifacts including pottery, obsidian tools, and burial practices. The study identifies key cultural markers of the Bedeni and Martqopi cultures, comparing them to associated archaeological contexts, and explores the significance of cart deposition in burial customs. The results contribute to the understanding of regional burial practices and the chronology of the different cultural groups in the Early Kurgan Culture of Georgia.
Mountains and lowlands, Essays in the archaeology of …, 1977
Khirbat Iskandar: Fial Report on the Early Bronze IV Area C "Gateway" and Cemeteries, 2010
Proceedings of the International Workshop Held in Florence, Italy, on March 29-30, 2018, (Eds. N. Laneri, G. Palumbi, S. M. Celka), Center For Ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern Studies (CAMNES), Studies on the Ancient Near East and the Mediterranean (SANEM 4), Arbor Sapientiae Editore, Roma 2019: 91-104.
The tradiOon of burying the dead in burial mounds (kurgans), usually consisOng of a funerary chamber limited by stone or brick slabs and covered by dirt and gravel, started in the fourth millennium BCE in the northern Caucasus and then spread south to the rest of the Caucasus regions, eastern Anatolia and northwestern Iran during the Bronze Age and Iron Age. The spread of the kurgan tradiOon, as well as the territorial, poliOcal, social, and cultural values embedded in their construcOon and their symbolic relaOon to the surrounding landscape are under debate. The workshop aims to examine chronological issues, cultural dynamics at inter-regional scale, rituals and burial pa\erns related to these funerary structures. The beliefs and ideologies that possibly connected the "kurgan people" over such a wide geographical area, as well as past and present theoreOcal frameworks, will also be discussed.
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Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran und Turan, 40 : 27-44
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