Renewable Energy for Sustainable Development of Bangladesh
Md. Mashiur Rahman
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Abstract
Bangladesh is an emerging country, it has grate prospect to development towards increasing the demand of energy .Now a day, Bangladesh is facing energy crisis. In Bangladesh, around 70% of people having lack accesses to electricity and most of them are living in the village. Among them about 40% of them are living in below poverty line. On the other hand climate change puts addition threats to development. Like the rest of the countries of the world, the demand for power is increasing day by day in our country. At present, power failure has become a severe problem for this country. It has become hard to solve the power crisis. There are several reasons behind this problem such as limitation of resources, low generation capacity, high demand, de-rated capacity of power station machineries, poor management, poor distribution line etc. To become a developed country, Bangladesh needs to overcome the problem of power crisis soon. To fight these situations, Renewable energy can be a great source to solve the power crisis problem at a great extent. Here we have discussed about different forms of renewable energy that we can use to meet the increasing power demand of Bangladesh. We have mainly discussed those renewable energy sources which can be used in solving the power crisis and sustainable development of Bangladesh such as Solar energy, Bioenergy, Geothermal, Wind energy, Micro Hydro, Ocean wave energy and Tidal energy. This paper explores the prospect, trend, utilization and its technology as well as reviews the policy and institutions and opportunities of renewable energy technology on the way to sustainable development of Bangladesh.
Key takeaways
- Bangladesh, with its 160 million people in a land mass of 147,570sq km is an emerging economy of South Asia successfully maintaining sustained economic growth of least 6% since last decade resulted a considerable high electricity demand each year.
- Bangladesh can produce sufficient amount of electricity by solar energy.
- It has a great potential to recover electricity by wind energy for Bangladesh.
- Although previously it was believed that Bangladesh has plenty amount of gas, but recent study has shown that natural gas reserve of Bangladesh is not sufficient to meet the daily cooking purpose of the people for next few decades, let alone generation of electricity.
- With the help of these resources Bangladesh can make sustainable development and export electricity meeting the internal demand in the future.
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While other neighboring countries are emerging with strong economic growth, Bangladesh, in spite of having abundant resources, is still struggling with power shortage. Energy-starved Bangladesh is facing daunting challenges to meet projected demands for electricity that will exceed domestic supply capabilities within a few years. With only 49% of Bangladeshis having access to electricity, the per capita energy use is only 180 Kilowatt-hours, which is one of the lowest in the region. The vision of increasing economic growth to 8% by 2014 and eventually to 10% by 2017 will come into reality only by proper utilization and collaboration of conventional with renewable energy resources. This paper presents a comprehensive study on current energy scenario in Bangladesh and demonstrates the potential of renewable energy resources that could be integrated through national energy planning and therefore, be a step in the right direction for a sustainable development of the country.
Energy scarcity and potential of renewable energy in Bangladesh
Energy is one of the indispensable inputs for the survival of human being in the earth. Bangladesh has the very inadequate amount of indigenous non-renewable energy resources even which is being diminishing rapidly to increase the electricity generation. Although the installed electricity generation capacity has been increased to 10907 MW, still the amount is insufficient to meet the demand of the country. In addition to this, the insufficient power generation hinders the socio-economic and industrial development. This current problem in power generation of Bangladesh can be removed by incorporating renewable energy into electricity generation. Recently, utilization of renewable energy and Renewable Energy Technologies (RETs) are getting momentum in the country to achieve not only energy security but to reduce environmental pollution and to limit the imminent depletion of the non-renewable energy resources. Overall, Bangladesh has the vast potential of biomass, solar, hydro, wind, and tidal powers. This paper outlines the present energy scenario of the country. Following this, the potential of available renewable energy resources is also reviewed and presented in this paper. Key words: Energy crisis; Renewable energy; RETs; Bangladesh.
Alternative energy resources in Bangladesh and future prospect
2013
Present energy scenario, alternative energy resources and future prospect in Bangladesh have been reviewed comprehensively and presented in this paper. This work compiles latest literatures in terms of thesis, journal articles, conference proceedings, web materials, reports, books, handbooks on energy and renewable energy resources in Bangladesh. Deficiency in the energy sector is a major problem in Bangladesh, which hinders the smooth economic development workflows. Being the eighth most populated country in the world, Bangladesh is one of the most electricity deprived nations with a total electricity generation of only 5000 MW. Thus, Bangladesh is facing difficulty to achieve an overall sustained progress in the economy due to the lack of a sound energy security. In this context, alternatives of conventional energy sources, renewable energy resources can be the sustainable solution for the energy security. This study has discovered the factors that are useful to lessen the existing power supply crisis and summarized the current energy scenario, lack of infrastructure and conventional energy sources to promote the renewable energy sources to fulfill the power demand in Bangladesh.
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