Infrastructure and economic development

This study analyse the effects of infrastructure development on economic growth in the northern states of Malaysian namely Kedah, Perlis, Pulau Pinang and Perak. An infrastructure development index is developed by merging four main indicators with several sub indicators and using the principal component analysis (PCA). The infrastructure development index is then used together with other variables such as labour force and capital investment to estimate its effect on the economic growth. Using the Hausman's specification test, the random effect model is chosen to estimate the impact of infrastructure on economic growth. Findings indicate that infrastructure development has a positive and significant impact on economic growth of the four states. Likewise, results obtained indicate that total labour force and total capital investment also positively and significantly affect the economic growth. Therefore, it is important for the policy makers to review and implement necessary policies that can improve infrastructure facilities as well as human capital development to promote economic growth in the region.

Infrastructure Financing in Asia, 2020

arXiv: General Economics, 2019

This study examines the disparities of infrastructure in four states in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. This study used a primer data which is collected by using a face to face interview with a structure questionnaire on head of household at Kedah, Perlis, Penang and Perak. The list of respondents is provided by the Department of Statistics of Malaysia (DOS). The Department of Statistics of Malaysia (DOS) uses the population observation in 2010 to determine the respondents is provided by the Department of Statistics of Malaysia (DOS).

2012

This paper surveys the main issues and controversies in the economic literature on infrastructure in developing countries. Section I reviews the evidence on the role of infrastructure in promoting economic growth. It is argued that, although infrastructure may be more important for growth than other types of capital, the exact size and form of its effect is less clear than is often assumed. Section II looks at the issue of infrastructure “needs”, estimates of which are pervasive in both the academic and policy literature. It is argued that the preoccupation with such estimates is largely misplaced. More crucial is to develop systems of infrastructure enabling competition through an appropriate market structure. Therefore, section III reviews the economic fundamentals of infrastructure and the available market structure options and section IV considers means to attract and enable private investment. This is an important means of encouraging competition which has been amongst the top ...

Policy Research Working Papers, 2008

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

2013

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.

Journal of Assam University, 1999

Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business, 2015

This study examines the role of infrastructure on trade in Malaysia from 1980 to 2013. The main objective is to test the addition of infrastructure into the augmented gravity equation and to examine the effects on trade through improvements in infrastructure. The impact of infrastructure on trade between Malaysia and 36 countries was examined using panel data analysis. The robustness of the results was tested by applying the pooled OLS, random effect model, and fixed effect model. The Hausman results offer support to the fixed effect model. The findings showed that all variables of infrastructures are significant and positive corresponding to the volume of trade between Malaysia and its trading partners

Why are the Western countries more advanced than many African & Asian countries? Why even Indian and South Korea have raced ahead of Ghana, and other African countries in the recent times? Or for that matter, why is Ghana lagging behind many countries in terms of economic growth and poverty? There are many reasons and answers to these questions and one of them is the fact that all these nations have very good physical infrastructure. Indeed, the fact that they have better roads, ports, highways, airports, and other elements of infrastructure is one of the reasons why they have clocked faster economic growth. In a developing and expanding economy an efficient network is vital, but this requires investment in infrastructure and management. With publicly-funded programs facing scrutiny, your sector needs to find alternative procurement models, while ensuring existing asset bases. Interest is increasing in private finance initiatives that attract investment from pension funds, sovereign wealth funds and infrastructure groups and funds. This kind of initiative looks likely for many countries with secondary implications for infrastructure users in the future I. Why is Physical Infrastructure so Important to a Nation's Development? The answer is that once goods are produced, they need to be transported to the ports and airports for transportation to other states and countries. This means that excellent roads are needed to transport the goods or otherwise, they would be delayed leading to economic and reputation losses. Indeed, if a manufacturer produces goods quickly but is unable to transport them to the destination as fast as they can, then there is no point in making the goods in an efficient manner in the first place.