Tayo_Oke_LLM_ICGREL_dissertation.pdf

2012

Bull and Dr Felia Allum, for having provided guidance, advice, consistent encouragement and, finally, patience for the duration of my PhD. I am also very grateful to the Italian section, the administrative staff and the rest of the Department of POLIS for the ongoing support, kindness and good humour that have been extended to me during my time as a research student. The Department also provided me with invaluable funding for the first three years of my project, for which I am very grateful. I would like to thank Dr. Cataldo Motta, Don Raffaele Bruno, and Dr. Mariano Longo for the invaluable support that they offered me during my fieldwork project in Lecce. I would also like to thank some of my friends for their specific assistance with the thesis, particularly Ernie, Henry, Ian, Karoline, and Peter. The final stages of the thesis have been made far easier as a result of the support of my friends in Bath, particularly Eva, Gordon, and John. I have also appreciated the camaraderie, guidance, encouragement and sometimes necessary distraction offered by the other PhD students in the department, particularly Brett, Christin, Christos, Claire, Max, and Wen Wen. Beyond my life in Bath, I cannot fail to mention my friends that have helped me get through the difficult phases of the thesis with the confidence they have repeatedly instilled in me, even in times of selfdoubt, and I would especially like to thank Abigail Brown, Amy, Jasper, Lucy Tammam, and Mary. Special thanks are reserved for my family. I could never have done it without you! I want to thank my sister Charlotte for her steadfast belief in me and in my thesis, her thorough proofreading, and her understanding, patience and guidance in times of need. Finally, and most importantly, I would like to thank my parents, without whom none of this would have been possible. My mother has provided me with a listening ear, kindness and compassion, and my father sage advice and practical solutions in times of crisis. Your unwavering support has helped me every step of the way, so thank you.

Critical Asian Studies, 2019

I regard as axiomatic that we scholars, scientists, intellectuals, and academics need to be fed and funded. Intellectual endeavors are expensive: archives to be mined, interviews to be done, experiments to be conducted. Even pure philosophy or mathematics requires access to books and articles, use of pen and paper, and living is not always cheap or easy. Money is a sine qua non of knowledge production and reproduction. The path of purity is a road to nowhere. It would be tempting to shield the purity of research from the pollution of mammon, but absolute autonomy is well-nigh impossible. Ascetic purists rely upon others; Gautama on his path to Buddhahood was fed by Sujata. From medieval monks and friars to imperial sages and scholars, external sponsors and patrons fueled the variegated endeavors of intellectual and creative work. There are, to be sure, occasional exceptions but they are rare exemplars that in turn prove the rule of dependency. The capitalist Engels supported the revolutionary Marx; the businessman Schopenhauer père bequeathed a fortune to the philosopher Schopenhauer fils. There are rare self-enriched individuals, such as the chemist cum humanitarian Antoine Lavoisier, who financed his scientific research and public ventures by financial speculation, but wealth, upon close inspection, almost always comes dripping with blood, sweat, and tears. Some university professors may be inclined to believe that they are blissfully secluded from the struggle over insalubrious funding. Along the line of Wallace Stevens as insurance executive by day and poet by night, their work may appear free from the taints of the mundane and the filthy. Yet who pays for the university and therefore their salaries? Would an undue stress on researcha notoriously time-consuming activitybe unfair or even exploitative of students? How can a professor travel to Zanzibar or conduct a serious scientific experiment? I do not mean to deny or demean the existence of heroic scholars who pursue their passions against great odds, without apparent support from friends and family, organizations and patrons. 1 But autochthonous knowledge is an oxymoron; we stand perforce on the shoulders of giants and size-challenged of the past, who in turn were supported by one or another sponsor. We cannot wave away the web of dirty money or the genealogy of dubious fortune. And who did the labor of reproductionthe quotidian tasks of feeding and cleaningto support the great male thinkers of

2009

O sympathies go to Dr. Philip Osei, Senior Research Fellow, Professor Andrew Downes, SALISES’ University Director and Professor Elsie Le Franc (Professor Emerita) who lost their mothers during the course of this year. The conference on Promoting Child Research in the Caribbean (the second so far) took place on October 24-25, 2007. It was cocoordinated by Dr. Aldrie Henry-Lee and Dr. Julie Meeks Gardner (CCDC, UWI). It was even more successful than the first. It was sponsored by UNICEF, organized by SALISES and the CCDC, OCA, and implemented by SALISES. Other partners included the ECC, the PIOJ, MoEY, inter alia. The Ninth Annual SALISES Conference, in honour of Professor Norman Girvan on the theme Reinventing the Political Economy Tradition of the Caribbean was deemed a resounding success. The Opening Ceremony address by Dr. Yash Tandon, Executive Director of the South Centre was outstanding and Professor Compton Bourne, President of the Caribbean Development Bank’s presentation was...

Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks, 2016

1999

detailed response of the industry to proposed regulations for non-bank money businesses in the USA. Peter Djinis (FinCEN) was kind enough to send us transcripts of public hearings on the same issue. Bonnie Klapper (Assistant US Attorney, N. District of NY) spent a morning with us and supplied court documents on black market peso cases. The Hong Kong Police Force sent in a report answering a set of questions on the situation there. Lisa Carroll (Interpol and Sam Houston University) shared some of her materials and spent time on telephone interviews. Willard Myers, the director of the Center of Asian Studies, made himself available a whole evening for a discussion of Chinese "underground banking" in the USA and provided a report summarizing his database and knowledge on the issue at hand. Matt Miller (writer for the Institutional Investor) made time for interviews and shared his findings from a trip to Pakistan, as he prepared an article on "underground banking" for his magazine. Most grateful I am to three exceptionally helpful persons. Patrick Jost (FinCEN) devoted many hours to this project, including several interviews in person and on the telephone, a day-long seminar based on material he has been collecting for years on the subject, and countless e-mail communications. Rick McDonell (FATF Asia, Australia) responded graciously to a very long telephone interview, suggested contacts persons in Hong Kong, participated in several e-mail exchanges and faxed a lengthy report furnishing the Australian experience and response. Detective Superintendent Nick Jackson (West Yorkshire Police, England), with whom I spoke extensively and repeatedly on the telephone. He not only sent in a paper of his outlining the problem from the British perspective, but also wrote another paper answering specific questions related to this project. Finally, I am most grateful to my research assistants, Rob Dovidio, Kelly Lawlor and Hildrun Passas, for their wonderful collaboration and hard work. Contents Preface 1 Contents 2 Abbreviations 2 Executive summary 1 1 Introduction 7 1.1 Definitions: "underground" banking or Informal Value Transfer Systems? 9 2 The origins of IVTS 2.1 Hawala/hundi 2.2 Chinese IVTS-fei ch'ien 2.3 Chits and chops 2.4 "Facts by repetition" and other inaccuracies regarding IVTS modi operandi 2.5 The Colombian black market for pesos 3 Causes for continued use of IVTS 4 Where IVTS can be found

The following is an analysis of a recent conference held by the Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists in Hong Kong. Five educational aspects of the conference were scrutinized; i.e. the speakers and panelists, or instructors; the types and amount of information presented; the attendees or students; how information was presented; and the spillover between the four previously mentioned areas and the teaching learning environment. The main deficiency was the lack of a definitive conceptualization for terrorism and counter terrorism financing. As a result the curriculum had gaps of knowledge that generated teaching and learning flaws. Institutionalization of a valid conceptualization would help to negate the observed flaws.