トニー・ウォルターの悲嘆文化論

Existential Perspectives on Human Issues, 2005

The words fuwen , fugao , indicate 'death announcement', according to the Hanyu Cidian. In the Kangxi zitian the character fu means 'announcement of a funeral where attendance is required'. In Imperial China the news of someone's death and funeral was given with a brief announcement called "fugao " . Written in the classical language, using a standard formulation and specific order, it announced the death of people of a certain social standing, indicating the name, birth place, post and rank, and the month and year of their birth and death, and was accompanied by words of condolence; it also gave the date of the funeral and place of burial. The announcement carried the signatures of family members up to 5 degrees of kinship [Sun Jie]. Various forms of elegiac commemoration were developed over time, bringing celebrity to their authors: lamentation ( aici), funeral eulogy (leici "huanci ), funeral oration (jiwen ), and epitaph on the grave (muzhiming ). Following the rise of the press in the modern sense of the term in the second half of the 19th century, in 1905 the Da Gong Bao of Tianjin became the first newspaper, under the slogan "publishing a necrology is the gateway to civilization", to launch a section devoted to death announcements. The appearance of obituaries in the sense of the story of a life produced at the moment of death and published in a special section of the newspaper is a very recent phenomenon in China, dating from the middle of the first decade of the 21st century. It is part of a much more generalised transformation affecting the world of media as a whole and, in this case, the printed press [S. L. Shirk]. It is modelled, like many other current trends in journalism, on Western, and above all American, reality. The idea of starting up a section devoted to people who have just died was probably sparked off by a book published in 2002 by Gu Xiao, then vice editor-in-chief of a Shenzhen newspaper. The book, entitled

Vocabulary for the Study of Religion (Ed. by R. Segal and K. von Stuckrad)

Hanminjog eo'munhag, 2022

This essay describes contemporary cultural practices related to death, dying and bereavement in Judaism, Mayan Indian and Christian traditions. Twelve types of loss that a client might experience. Three influential innovators of loss and grief theory: Bowlby, Kübler-Ross and Worden. The four tasks of grieving by Worden. Three complicated grief reactions: delayed grief, masked grief and chronic grief. And the importance of rituals and experiential activities in response to loss.

This chapter aims to help schools, teachers and school staff to address more effectively the area of death, bereavement and loss - both in primary and secondary settings. The purpose is to assist in the process of helping children and young people and their families to feel more familiar and confident in this challenging area of their lives.

China Review International, 2017