HERITAGE MANAGEMENT USING GIS

In the recent years, the usage of Geographic Information Systems has been rapidly increasing and it became the main tool for analyzing spatial data in unprecedented number of fields of activities. The integration of GIS, Remote Sensing and modeling technologies applied to the field of Cultural Heritage Conservation can be an important tool for management and decision making. This article will present a study regarding the applicability of GIS in cultural heritage conservation, documentation and promotion in Bihor County Romania

The cultural heritage inventory of a particular region is mainly used for any analysis of macro level issues. Heritage preservation, regeneration and conservation are demonstrated in the current situation of urbanization for significant regions. GIS is used for database creation with its own limitations. Exploring the tangible and intangible aspects of a region has to be interlinked with maps, its location, attributes and the current issues which are possible in GIS maps. It is used as one of the main infrastructure elements for a range of planning and it helps the government authorities in combining the complex information. In this paper, review of application of GIS in various heritage areas and its usage is analyzed. Few of the application have been already established with protection zones criteria and few countries have given open public options to educate the community. There are also countries started with cultural resource management by utilizing GIS.

Proceedings of the XXI International CIPA Symposium, …, 2007

In the last years, GIS technology became a usual tool for heritage managers, conservators, restorers, architects, archaeologists, painters and all other categories of experts involved in cultural heritage activities. More and more central and local authorities responsible for cultural heritage embarked on creating complex and integrated information systems, having GIS as one of the main infrastructure component. This paper is a report that attempts to describe the current status of the use of GIS in cultural heritage. The data provided by the national CIPA delegates represent the main source of information the report is based on.

Documentation is one of the most important stages in preserving urban and architectural heritage. Moreover, it is considered as the base for any development decisions (process). Technical tools that can help with documentation has been developed through the last decade. Computer software was one of these tools. It gave the documentation new dimensions. Geographic Information Systems has emerged as a new tool that can be utilized in this field. It has the ability to link a huge number of different types of data. Such databases can include descriptive and spatial information. Linking building’s descriptive data to their geographic ones gives a huge opportunities for detailed and accurate documentation. Moreover, It facilitates monitoring the changes not only in the targeted buildings but also on their surrounding built and natural environment. It also gives a big possibilities for studying and analysis. The paper also presents a case study for application. A prototype project to document historic central area of Makkah city and its valuable buildings. The project presents different levels and different dimensions of documentations, It shows, how the changes in the urban form of Makkah city across time can be recorded and presented in three dimensions. It also shows, how architectural changes that tock place on the important and valuable buildings can be recorded and retrieved in their sequence for analysis. The paper concluded with recommendations for GIS applications in documenting architectural and urban heritage.

Proceedings of 16th International Conference on New Technologies and Cultural Heritage, Wien, November, 11-16, 2011, 254-263. Stadt Archäologie Wien. Vienna 2012. ISBN 978-3-200-02740-4

The paper describes an innovative approach to the process of creating a novel GIS for analyses and protection of archaeological heritage of Bulgaria. Firstly, it describes in brief the appearance and evolution of the electronic database for registration and documentation of archaeological sites and monuments known as ‘Archaeological Map of Bulgaria’ (AMB). Secondly, it gives details about the existing legal framework under which the novel information system and the methods for fieldwork have to be conducted. The imposed by it technical requirements and public obligations entail development of an innovative analytical technique for assessment of the threats of destruction of archaeological heritage. In order to meet these high expectations we suggest a Bayesian statistical approach that incorporates the spatial results obtained from terrain surveys and highprecision registration and documentation techniques into one process of generating key information about the existing threats of destruction of archeological sites in a given region. This procedure is synchronized with the novel methods for fieldwork which are also described briefly. Last but not least the basic functionality and characteristics of the GIS-based Information System are described, including its logic and mode of operation.

The analysis and understanding of processes of decay, in the case of historical buildings and monumental architecture, call for an interpretative overview encompassing data which stem from different areas of study but are globally interrelated and constitute essential elements for the purpose of assessing the state of preservation. ARKIS -Architecture Recovery Knowledge Information System -is an Information System configured in AVENUE programming language (by ESRI), set up as an auxiliary tool for the organisation, representation and utilisation of knowledge of data in the recovery of historical buildings. Based on GIS technology transposed to an architectonic scale, it regards the architectural item, its immediate context and its territorial location. ARKIS is user friendly and represents an operative tool for different Organisation, for example monuments offices or agencies. To this end, mainly important is to create transfer environments and use of knowledge, through a set up of multi-medial data base in remote access, for disseminating heterogeneous information into Internet (alpha-numerical data, geometrical data, images) which are based upon the needs of potential users (researchers, designers, architects, restorers, decision makers). ARKIS-NET, here presented, is based on the ArcIMS software package and provides the foundation for disseminating high-end heterogeneous data, organised and represented in GIS form, and mapping services via Internet. Clients may display, query, and analysis information in an easy-to-use Web browser, and also integrate local data sources with Internet data sources. Some case history will be presented.

cipa.icomos.org

The historical centres of our cities represent the physical supports of the collective and contemporary memory, the attestation of the several civilizations which have left a trace of their own history. The identity elements of places make up a territory's cultural link, a man's psychological sense of belonging and respect to his own territory, as well as an interurban competition relating to globalization.

This work, carried out with an integrated methodological approach, represents an effort to evaluate the state of conservation of the ancient palaces, characterized by an architectural structure and a constructive culture, through their fieldsurvey and analysis in a GIS platform with the main aim to detect the priorities of intervention for their structural recovery and management.

Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences, 2021

The paper presents an application of the methodology used in the paper "Synthetic analysis of geoinformatics technologies for cultural heritage conservation, methodological approach". The creation of the 3D model of the Rákóczi-Bánffy Castle in Urmeniș, Bistrița Năsăud County, was done by applying and integrating Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) technologies and aerial photogrammetry performed with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Agisoft Photoscan was used to compare the results and then they were compared with the images scanned using CloudCompare software. Thus, following the performance, with the help of the mentioned software, of a series of processing of the point cloud obtained, through the two imaging technologies, the error between the points belonging to the point cloud taken with UAV and the one taken with Laser Scanner was between 1 and 15 mm, the margin of error being acceptable for monuments without complex architectural details, so that the point cloud resulting from UAVs can be used successfully in this activity. The aim of the paper is to elaborate a geomatic methodology with an optimized cost-quality ratio, later replicable in the analysis of the current state of other constructions of the same type, knowing that over 600 castles in Transylvania alone are in a similar state, and such cases can be found in other Central European states as well.