Diversity and function of archaea in freshwater habitats

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020

In addition to inhabiting extreme territories, Archaea are widely distributed in common environments spanning from terrestrial to aquatic environments. This study investigated and compared archaeal community structures from three different habitats (representing distinct environments): agriculture soils (from farming system trials FST, PA, United States), freshwater biofilms (from White Clay Creek, PA, United States), and estuary water (Chesapeake Bay, United States). High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes indicated that Thaumarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, and Diapherotrites were the commonly found dominant phyla across these three environments. Similar to Bacteria, distinct community structure and distribution patterns for Archaea were observed in soils vs. freshwater vs. estuary. However, the abundance, richness, evenness, and diversity of archaeal communities were significantly greater in soils than it was in freshwater and estuarine environments. Indicator species (or amplicon sequence variants, ASVs) were identified from different nitrogen and carbon cycling archaeal groups in soils (Nitrososphaerales, Nitrosotaleales, Nitrosopumilales, Methanomassiliicoccales, Lainarchaeales), freshwater biofilms (Methanobacteria, Nitrososphaerales) and Chesapeake Bay (Marine Group II, Nitrosopumilales), suggesting the habitat-specificity of their biogeochemical contributions to different environments. Distinct functional aspects of Archaea were also confirmed by functional predictions (PICRUSt2 analysis). Further, co-occurrence

This research is the first study focusing to explore the diversity of Archaea and methanogens in sediments of 19 selected lakes nearby the Czech polar station on James Ross Island (JRI), Antarctica. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing provided a general view of a diversity of archaeal members and the mcrA gene sequencing has offered deeper insight into the taxonomical diversity of methanogens. Archaea rarely exceeded 1% of the total prokaryotic community. Genera Methanothrix and Methanosarcina were found as the predominating methanogenic members in the lake samples. For the first time in Antarctica, sequences of representatives belonging to Methanothermobacter sp. and Methanomassiliicoccales, and a high proportion of sequences belonging to Methanoperedens-like archaea, methanotrophs that couples anaerobic methane oxidation to denitrification, were recorded. The presence of the genus Methanobacterium has been also captured for the first time to a such large extent. Individual lakes from one...

Annual Review of Microbiology, 2013

Archaea constitute a considerable fraction of the microbial biomass on Earth. Like Bacteria they have evolved a variety of energy metabolisms using organic and/or inorganic electron donors and acceptors, and many of them are able to fix carbon from inorganic sources. Archaea thus play crucial roles in the Earth's global geochemical cycles and influence greenhouse gas emissions. Methanogenesis and anaerobic methane oxidation are important steps in the carbon cycle; both are performed exclusively by anaerobic archaea. Oxidation of ammonia to nitrite is performed by Thaumarchaeota. They represent the only archaeal group that resides in large numbers in the global aerobic terrestrial and marine environments on Earth. Sulfur-dependent archaea are confined mostly to hot environments, but metal leaching by acidophiles and reduction of sulfate by anaerobic, nonthermophilic methane oxidizers have a potential impact on the environment. The metabolisms of a large number of archaea, in particular those dominating the subsurface, remain to be explored. 437 Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 2013.67:437-457. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by University of Vienna -Main Library and Archive Services on 09/12/13. For personal use only.

PLoS ONE, 2012

As for lineages of known methanogens, several lineages of uncultured archaea were recurrently retrieved in freshwater sediments. However, knowledge is missing about how these lineages might be affected and structured according to depth. In the present study, the vertical changes of archaeal communities were characterized in the deep sediment of the freshwater meromictic Lake Pavin. For that purpose, an integrated molecular approach was performed to gain information on the structure, composition, abundance and vertical stratification of archaeal communities thriving in anoxic freshwater sediments along a gradient of sediments encompassing 130 years of sedimentation. Huge changes occurred in the structure and composition of archaeal assemblages along the sediment core. Methanogenic taxa (i.e. Methanosaeta and Methanomicrobiales) were progressively replaced by uncultured archaeal lineages (i.e. Marine Benthic Group-D (MBG-D) and Miscellaneous Crenarchaeal Group (MCG)) which are suspected to be involved in the methane cycle.

Archaea, 2013

African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2015

Our understanding of the role of archaea, and their significance, in the biosphere has changed substantially with recent advances in molecular techniques. Large numbers of environmental rRNA gene sequences currently flooding into GenBank illustrates that, archaea are ubiquitous and sometimes quantitatively abundant in the environment. Their importance in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) turnover in marine ecosystems and their dominant role in ammonium oxidation in terrestrial environments has been acknowledged. Knowledge of archaea and the factors determining their metabolism has potential implications for our understanding of plant productivity, carbon sequestration, nitrogen leakage and greenhouse gas (GHG) production. To mitigate global change and rise in GHGs like methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2), a multidimensional approach is needed to understand the complex processes. Particularly, we need to understand how different microbial groups participate in the G...

Biotechnology for Sustainable Environment, 2021

Methanogenic archaea are an environmentally enthralling proposed candidate. It has created an innovative thrust in the research world. In recent times, methanogens have been a striking paradigm and significant present-day representatives among the Archael kingdom. It has unique physical, ecological attributes with microbiological credits, which contrast from other microbial groups. In the present situation, it works viably on the carbon dioxide sequestration; it plays a pivotal part in the overall management of the carbon cycle. Principally, the emergence of methane from water muds was recorded by Alessandro Volta (1776). This discovery created an elegant and widespread interest among methanogens. Besides, it laid the sound framework for methanogenic study and the potential production of methane-based fuel. This chapter revealed out a broader understanding of the microbiological and applied aspects of methanogens. Compared to all the others, the in-depth study of

Annals of the New York Academy of …, 2008

Biological methane production or methanogenesis is an important process in the global carbon cycle, processing about 1.6% of the carbon fixed every year by plants and algae. 1 Biologically generated methane can either serve as a substrate for aerobic or anaerobic methane ...

Water Research, 2005

Distribution and occurrence of Archaea and methanogenic activity in a laboratory scale, completely mixed anaerobic reactor treating pharmaceutical wastewaters were investigated and associated with reactor performance. The reactor was initially seeded with anaerobic digester sludge from an alcohol distillery wastewater treatment plant and was subjected to a three step feeding strategy. The feeding procedure involved gradual transition from a glucose containing feed to a solvent stripped pharmaceutical wastewater and then raw pharmaceutical wastewater. During the start-up period, over 90% COD removal efficiency at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 6 kg COD m À3 d À1 was achieved with glucose feeding, and acetoclastic methanogenic activity was 336 ml CH 4 gTVS À1 d À1 . At the end of the primary loading, when the feed contained solvent stripped pharmaceutical wastewater at full composition, 71% soluble COD removal efficiency was obtained and acetoclastic methanogenic activity decreased to half of the rate under glucose feed (166 ml CH 4 gTVS À1 d À1 ). At the end of secondary loading with 60% (w/v) raw pharmaceutical wastewater, COD removal dropped to zero and acetoclastic methanogenic activity fell to less than 10 ml CH 4 gTVS À1 d À1 . Throughout the course of the experiment, microbial community structure was monitored by DGGE analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments. Five different archaeal taxa were identified and the predominant archaeal sequences belonged to methanogenic Archaea. Two of these showed greatest sequence identity with Methanobacterium formicicum and Methanosaeta concilii. The types of Archaea present changed little in response to changing feed composition but the relative contribution of different organisms identified in the archaeal DGGE profiles did change. r

Eurasian Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2020

Archaea are strange but unique beings that have evolutionary relationships with bacteria and eukaryotes and have many unique properties of genotypes and phenotypes that indicate their own evolutionary status. In addition to its presence in the human body, it plays a key role in the ecological cycle of the planet. The metabolic strategies and physiological adaptation of archaea to extreme environments are great. Accurate and Responsive Mechanisms to ensure that Taxis patterns provide the needs of the cell, or the need for Bioremediation strategies that control environmental activities, develops important features in the global ecosystem to develop tools that have great economic and health benefits for Includes human beings. This research emphasizes recent progress in recognizing archaea mechanisms and highlights new insights on structural, environmental and habitat studies.