Reveiw Guyton

E.S.Prakash, 2014

Science and medicine constantly change, and while I have tried to check the information presented here with sources known to be reliable, I cannot guarantee that this book is error-free. I encourage you to crosscheck the information contained herein with other sources. This book is not written to be used to guide the care of patients directly. Therefore, I cannot accept any responsibility for any consequences arising from the use of information contained here in the care of patients.

International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2015

Background: A traditional clinical examination (TCE) in physiology focuses on the "knows" and "knows how" aspects and is inadequate in evaluating the overall performance of the students. Objective structured practical examination (OSPE) focuses on the "shows how" aspect of Miller's pyramid of competence. Objective: This study was aimed to compare and establish the relation of the marks given by examiners with varied teaching experiences in determining the validity and reliability of TCE and OSPE. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 first-year MBBS students in Physiology were divided in two batches of 25 each. These were further divided in three batches with eight, eight, and nine students examined by three examiners with teaching experience of 35 years, 6 years, and 1 year, respectively, in each batch. All the examiners conducted TCE followed by OSPE for the same batch of students for four modules in abdominal system. Results: Analysis of variance and post hoc Bonferroni's test for comparative study among examiners in TCE showed significant difference (module A, P = 0.000; module B, P = 0.000) in the mean marks given by all the three examiners while OSPE showed no significant difference (module A, P = 0.829; module B, P = 0.842) in the mean marks given by all the examiners for all the modules. Conclusion: OSPE is an objective, structured, unbiased assessment method that can be incorporated with less experienced examiners along with the TCE for overall assessment of the students.

pumhs

Background: When we use a single test in clinical care, for appropriate management of patients and correct diagnosis in clinical care the validity and reliability of that single test is important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the statistical issues about validity and reliability used in medical papers focusing on common mistakes and misinterpretations. METHODS: The articles about validity and reliability published in PubMed in 2012-2015, were searched using MESH term. 200 most relevant papers with our topic were reviewed for assessing the correctness of methodology and statistical tests used to assess validity and reliability. Results: our study showed that the clinical researchers make many mistakes in assessing of validity and reliability of a single test. In more than half of the papers the methodology and statistical tests used for evaluating of validity and reliability of a single test were incorrect or incomplete. Conclusion: In analysis of validity and reliability of a test in published papers, there are many mistakes and clinical researchers need to gain more knowledge about that.

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