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作为明清笑话书的代表作之一,清代笑话书《笑林广记》号称大成之作。因为其内容五花八门、无所不包,并且它包含着不同作者,甚至不同时代的笑话,所以我们可视之为中国各个朝代的笑话集的顶点。在最近几年学术界对幽默研究表示了前所未有的关注的背景下,本文试图按照若干西方文论而对《笑林广记》进行新颖的分析、解读。基于这种比较研究,本文的意图是将这部笑话书放置到比较文学的视野下,在某种程度上可以说,本文拟让《笑林广记》进入到比较文学学界。 第一章分析这部作品里的最突出、最显著的特点,即其可笑性。本文首先对“笑”字进行了初步的分析,展示出公开的笑、失笑以及一方之笑三个宏观范畴的不同作用。接下来,按照西方的优越理论、不协调理论以及释放理论而解释、分析《笑林广记》的可笑特点。 在第二章里我着重于笑话里的幽默特点。最初,本章力图展现出幽默与可笑的不同之所在,以便证明此两者是不一样的概念,含有不同的特点。之后,基于西方文学批评家对幽默的界定,我分析笑话里的幽默,为的是解释可笑之余的可悲以及可悲之余的可笑。在这一章里,我涉及到了幽默的三个主要组成部分,便是语言、人物、接受者。最后,我试图解释笑话的人物和情况所导致的异化效果。 第三章所关注的是讽刺。首先我简短地解释讽刺作品在中国和在西方的特点、它的起源以及发展;接着,以讽刺诗为主,我介绍《笑林广记》里的讽刺特点,并且分析这种文风的二元论,即“温和讽刺”与“辛酸讽刺”、“直接”与“间接”、“写实”与“夸张”之间的关系和张力。最后,我简短地介绍《笑林广记》若隐若现指出的社会问题。即便这部作品是在清代成书的,但是它所指出的不少问题其实是源于明代的,因此第三章的最后一部分是以明代的社会问题为主。 在第四章里我分析笑话里的狂欢以及怪诞元素。基于前苏联文学批评家米·米·巴赫金对这两个概念的界定,本章分析《笑林广记》里的广场语言及其怪诞身体的描述,尤其值得注意的是人身的废物、性器官以及降格。
Anhui shixue [Anhui historical studies], 2020
This paper suggests that attention to Chinese philanthropy is not, however, as limited as often suggested because this topic has often been “embedded,” or hidden, in other subject areas that resulted in their exclusion from bibliographies under the keywords philanthropy or charity. The main example of this “embedding” can be seen in studies of missionary history, which often included significant exposition of the philanthropic work of missionaries in China despite not being categorized under the “philanthropy” subject heading. A complete understanding of Western studies of Chinese philanthropy cannot ignore the contributions of these studies. This paper also argues that the dominance of missionaries in Western perceptions of philanthropy in China for a long time hindered, or even distorted, the growth of the history of Chinese philanthropy as a specialized area of research. It was only with the development of other trends in Western studies of Chinese history, beginning with an emphasis on “China-centered history,” that eventually helped to correct the distortions in Western perceptions about Chinese philanthropy. These development ultimately contributed growing attention to this subject that finally promises to bring more strength and better balance to the study of Chinese philanthropy in the West.
2015
Depuis 1979, les critiques d'art en Chine ont accompagné le développement de l’art contemporain, participant à la renaissance de la vie intellectuelle durement éprouvée sous le règne de Mao. Les revues d'art reflètent l’évolution de leur réflexion. Dans ma thèse je présente d’une part ce paysage intellectuel dans lequel s’est construite la critique d’art chinoise, et d’autre part, après avoir analysé comment certains concepts passent d’une langue à l’autre, j’aborde les textes théoriques et leur réception dans le milieu académique. Attirés au départ par la pensée occidentale, un champ référentiel qui s’étend de Platon à Danto, les critiques chinois se sont tournés ensuite vers le corpus classique, voire le Livre des mutations, pour forger des outils “propres à la Chine” afin de ré-écrire une histoire de l’art contemporain chinois délivrée du carcan post-colonial, mais au risque de se prendre au piège d’un nationalisme insidieux encouragé par le Parti. Les larges extraits que...
Journal of Suzhou College of Education, 2011
Professor Zhang Xiping's The Study of Missionary Sinology provides an overall,close and bidirectional perspective for us to observe the ideological and cultural dynamics and interaction between the two great civilizations in the East and the West.It is of great significance and has important reference value in the study of the history of East-West exchange,the history of Western Sinology,the study of the historical development of christinity in China,and the study of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
2015
Conference Theme: Chinese Characters Education and Research随着汉语的国际化趋势明显,汉字教学方法研究越来越受到重视。掌握一个汉字,要辨认其形、听读其音、理解其义。新加坡华族学生拥有独特的双语背景,学好汉字,有助于提高中文阅读能力。信息时代,阅读平台多样化和多元化,现在不仅有纸制的书籍、杂志、报刊等平面载体。越来越多的电子产品进入我们的生活。随着各类阅读平台的大量涌现,儿童读到影视屏幕上汉字的机会越来越多。孩子使用电子产品,会影响他们的学习,有些家长甚至不让孩子多看视频。那么,信息时代的孩子不可避免地会接触到电子产品 ...postprin
Advances in Psychology, 2015
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine a factor structure for the immersed tendency questionnaire (ITQ) under the background of Chinese culture. The 14 items comprising the ITQ originally derived from Witmer and Michael's immersed tendency questionnaire (1998). Methods: Data from 360 university students were subjected to exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and 440 university students were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results: CFA confirmed that ITQ was a 4-factor structure. EFA explained 50.65% of the variance through a 19-item, 4-factor structure (game immersed, state involvement, focus, and emotional involvement). Adding the total score, Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.512 -0.789. ITQ had satisfying structure validity (χ 2 /df = 2.736, NNFI = 0.91, IFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.064) and criterion validity (r = 0.575, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The revised ITQ had a satisfying structure validity and reliability; the 4-factor had a significantly better fit, and could be used in the related fields of research.
Daojiao xuekan 道教學刊 , 2020
2021
person pronouns are qualified, the other for the first-person pronouns contrastive form. At the same time, we try to propose two suffixes */ɯ/ and */m/.
Theory and Practice of Psychological Counseling, 2020
This paper probes into three parts. Firstly, bewriting the occurrence and development of the concept of "social self " in social psychology. Secondly, expounding the concept of Persona in Jung psychology has a narrow definition and a broad definition. The narrow definition refers to the persona archetype in the collective unconscious, which is the extrovert attitude of that used to reconcile individual and collective, the subject and the external object. The broad definition refers to the social roles of the individual, the presentation of the social identity systems, as a subpersonality located on the surface of personality. Thirdly, according to the topography of "collective unconscious, cultural unconscious, individual unconscious, individual consciousness", this paper tries to amplicate the psychic structure of social self under the framework of Analytical Psychology and Chinese culture. It includes four parts: Being born in the archetype of persona and taking it as a collective unconscious basis; a cultural unconscious part connected to the spiritual and SHE god, individual and
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