It's the economy, stupid!

Criminal Justice, 2002

The concept of occupational crime—as one of the principal forms of white collar crime—has been quite familiar and widely invoked since the publication of Clinard and Quinney's influential Criminal Behavior Systems: A Typology. More recently, however, the term occupational crime has been applied to activities quite removed from the original meaning of white collar crime, and it has been used interchangeably with such terms as occupational deviance and workplace crime. In the interest of greater conceptual clarity within the field of white collar crime the argument is made here for restricting the term `occupational crime' to illegal and unethical activities committed for individual financial gain—or to avoid financial loss—in the context of a legitimate occupation. The term `occupational deviance' is better reserved for deviation from occupational norms (e.g. drinking on the job; sexual harassment), and the term `workplace crime' is better reserved for conventional fo...

2015

occupational deviance, and workplace crime: Sorting out the difference

Global Crime, 2008

This paper elaborates upon occupations, work relations, work settings, and their connection with organised crime activities. The analysis is based upon data from 120 case studies from the Dutch Organised Crime Monitor, involving 1623 suspects. The paper describes the different kinds of occupations encountered in cases of organised crime and the main characteristics of these occupations. Furthermore, the paper describes in more detail four cases of organised crime that illustrate the embeddedness of certain organised crime activities in work relations and work settings. Following Mars, 1 the paper analyses both the grid dimension and the group dimension of certain occupations and work settings. The paper concludes that social relations as well as settings and opportunity structures provide structure to the organisation of many forms of crime, including organised crime.

International Journal of the Sociology of Law, 2007

The debate around the criminality of white-collar crime is far from exhausted, leaving one wondering whether Sutherland (1945), when asking 'is white-collar crime crime?' intended to pose a mere rhetorical question and enjoy the interminable debate and controversies such a question was bound to generate. After providing a review of the major arguments which emerge from such debate, this paper notes the ambiguity of the responses given to Sutherland's original question. Given the increasing variety of white-collar criminal offences being committed, and the avalanche of crimes perpetrated by states and other powerful actors, scholars are faced with a fuzzy analytical framework, with the result that some may be tempted to describe as crime everything they, understandably, find disturbing. The complexity, evasiveness and deceptive profile of the crimes of the powerful contribute to this process, so that the expansion of criminology into the terrain of powerful offenders risks turning our object of study into 'everything we might not like at the time' (Cohen, 1993, p. 98). What follows is an attempt to classify the diverse white-collar, corporate and state offences, with a view to drawing a tentative template within which each offence can be identified as a distinct type of illegitimate or harmful conduct. Prior to attempting such classification, however, a preliminary proviso is necessary as to which specific conducts the proposed typology will include. 1. Power crimes The formulation 'white-collar crimes are crimes committed by persons of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation' (Sutherland, 1983) continues to be

Studies in Sociology of Science, 2016

A quite interesting aspect of economics involves profits of illegal origin in a given society. One can talk about a certain spectrum of illegality ranging in various degrees incrementally, from untaxed informal economy, disregard of copyrights, black market, contraband, counterfeit money on to sheer criminal activities like embezzlement, swindling or forgery which target specific individuals; for the purpose of gain. In this respect, certain economic endeavors can be observed to go hand in hand with unscrupulous ways of victimizing people.

This chapter has one main objective: to present a succinct overview of key debates and ideas associated with theory, research and practice in the area of white-collar and corporate crimes. First, we think about white-collar and corporate crimes in the 21st Century, contextualising these phenomena and reinforcing their criminological significance, despite their analysis remaining at the margins of mainstream discourse. Second, we revisit on-going conceptual debates, identifying central analytical features of white-collar and corporate crimes before going on to argue in favour of shifting attention towards understanding how white-collar crimes are organised and the conditions that shape this over time. Third, we look at ways of explaining these behaviours, ranging from consideration of individual propensities and rationality, through organisational context and culture, to wider social conditions. Fourth, we analyse current policing and regulation strategies. We conclude with a discussion of key themes in white-collar crime research and scholarship.

Criminal justice in Ireland, 2002

The Journal of Human Justice, 1992

More than virtually any other realm of criminological scholarship, white collar crime study is plagued by unresolved definitional conceptual and typological issues. The present confused and contradictory invocations of the core terminology pertaining to white collar crime introduce a significant element of incoherence into the field. In this paper the seminal origins of the concept of white collar crime, in the work of E. A. Ross and E. H. Sutherland, are explored. The principal elements of subsequent efforts to define white collar crime are identified. It is claimed that a "war of white co Uar criminologists' has emerged, principally pit tin g critical white collar criminologists against positivist white collar criminologists. Some of the strengths and weaknesses of each of the principal constituencies in this definitional war are examined. The paper concludes with the argument that the concept of white collar crime is defined on three different levels-presentational, typological and operational-and that any definition of white collar crime is meaningful only in relation to its stated purpose.

Studia Prawnicze / The Legal Studies, 2018

Pracodawcy na potęgę łamią przepisy. Trzeba zmienić prawo http://tvn24bis.pl/wia domosci-gospodarcze,71/pracodawcy-na-potege-lamia-przepisy-trzeba-zmienic-prawo, 485006.html (July 2018).

Social Science Research Network, 2019