A Guide for Signal Processing of Sensors and Transducers

Sensors, 2020

Un ni iv ve er rs si it tá á d di i B Br re es sc ci ia a, , I It ta aly Abstract: In today's automation systems transducers are making core elements in the instruments and the circuits used for measurement, control and industrial applications. The task of a transducer is to reproduce a physical quantity as an electrical signal which with the help of conditioning circuits, is transformed into a form that suits a corresponding ADC requirement before a digital equivalent output of the required physical quantity is produced. In the most ideal cases a digital quantity is a true replica of the physical quantity when the transducer has got a linear response. However, in most of the cases the transducers characteristics are nonlinear, and hence at very points along the whole range of the transducer characteristics, the corresponding digital output is an exact replica of the concerned physical parameter. This work is about how a physical read more accurately in the case of nonlinear sensor characteristics, and then a microcontroller is programmed with the same technique while reading from an input over the entire range. The data of the microcontroller reading shows very closely matched with the actual sensors response. Further, the reading error is considerably reduced to within 10 % of the actual physical which shows the utility of the technique in very sensitive applications.

Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International …, 2003

IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2013

IEEE Sensors Journal, 2015

The need for the use of sensor networks in ever more efficient manner drives research methods for better information management. It would be useful to decrease the amount of managed data. Often, we are interested in few noteworthy information of a signal (for example, period, amplitude, time constant, steady state value, and so on) not in the whole waveform. The idea is to take less data, but acquire the same information. In a highly oversampled signal, each single sample does not carry a lot of information. From this point, two different algorithms are compared, in which only few samples are stored or transferred. This paper describes these two algorithms: 1) the first one is the segmentation and labeling algorithm, also proposed for the definition of the new standard of the IEEE 1451 and 2) the second one is based on compressive sensing theory. These two algorithms are compared, the simulations results are shown, and it is discussed which case could be more suitable for.

Sensor & Is Applications Series 4, 2018

This book is a compilation of chapters that are related to sensors technology and their applications, particularly in the engineering system. This book not only covers sensors use in industrial processes, but also sensors that are used for intelligent system for games and also sensors that are used for flow measurement. This book consists of eleven chapters that cover the sensors used in various systems and applications, including tomography applications, a portable emergency power pack, an artificial intelligent mobile robot, an anti-theft system, a smart walking cane, pipe leakage detection, a system for human detection device for urban search and rescue, and a smart solar charger controller. Each book chapter discusses the details of the sensors used for the applications, including the methods for the detections.

1996

NIST researchers have developed a reference implementation and companion demonstration for this currently defined set of specifications to provide a concrete example of the IEEE P1451, Draft Standard for a Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and Actuators. The reference implementation includes both hardware and software components that when integrated together yield an environment for illustrating complete P1451 functional aspects and capabilities. This document briefly provides an overview of both parts of the standard and more specifically how they relate to this demonstration. The reference implementation approach used as well as resources required are also discussed to familiarize the reader with the demonstration environment. Specific implementation issues are then discussed concerning the several main areas of the software and hardware components used in this implementation. The first software component, called NCAPTool, written in C++, provides a graphical user interface (GUI)-based Windows environment in which various functional aspects of the standards can be exercised. The second component is a dynamic link library (DLL), also written in C++, that provides an Application Programming Interface (API) to the P1451.1, Draft Standard for a Network Capable Application Processor (NCAP) Information Model. The third component provides the hardware necessary to illustrate a tangible implementation of the P1451.2, Draft Standard for a Transducer to Microprocessor Communication Protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats. All three components together illustrate the integration of both P1451.1 and P1451.2 as well as providing a visual capability for demonstrating the standards' key functional aspects.