A Study of the Sugar Industry in Bukidnon Province

2004

International Journal of Business Administration, 2022

Sugarcane is an important crop in Brazil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the expansion areas, especially in the state of Goiá s, in order to contribute to the understanding of sugarcane agribusiness. In the methodology used, data were obtained from IBGE and from ÚNICA and other sources, from 1980 to 2020. The results showed that in the Cerrado, especially in the states of Goiá s and Mato Grosso do Sul, there has been an expansion of sugarcane areas since the end of the last century, but that it was optimized in the mid-2000s. These are located predominantly in the southern region of Goiá s, particularly in the southwest micro regions; Quirinópolis, Meia Ponte and Vale do Rio dos Bois. One fact to highlight is that the expansion occurs preferably in areas of grain cultivation and supplementary pasture, in fertile soils and with the use of technology.

The East African geographical review, 1963

2007

Pontal do Paranapanema is the only region in São Paulo state where a large scale sugarcane expansion can take place. Such expansion is expected and will likely affect the rural family farmers in the region. Without regulations, the expansion might negatively affect the income of family farmers who start to grow sugarcane. Some family farmers already grow sugarcane and it has been shown that their average income from sugarcane is sometimes less than 3 times the average income from sugarcane in the rest of the state. The same is expected to be the case for all family farmers who start to grow sugarcane if no regulations are added. The family farmers have such small properties that it is not profitable for them to buy all necessary equipment for growing sugarcane. They rent some services from the sugarcane industry leading to lower net incomes. The sugarcane expansion can lead to increased socioeconomic benefits for the family farmers if the expansion is done in combination with changed cattle farming. Family farmers can have a combined production system where they grow sugarcane on parts of their property and in exchange for the delivered sugarcane to the sugarcane industry they could receive nutritious cattle feed made from sugarcane residues. If the cattle stock is changed and feed with the cattle feed this can lead to large increases in milk production and hence large income gains. To evaluate the socioeconomic and climate impacts of expanding ethanol sugarcane production in conjunction with this combined production system, two models were created: one for calculating income growth of family farmers when a combined sugarcane and milk production system is introduced and one for calculating energy and emissions from a sugarcane expansion when coupled with the combined production system. The model analyses indicate that income could 10-fold for family farmers if a combined sugarcane and milk production system is introduced. At the same time, the global emissions of greenhouse gases could be significantly reduced if the ethanol from such production replaced gasoline used for transportation in the EU. If a sugarcane industry wants to run in Pontal regulations could state that they then have to produce cattle feed of some of the sugarcane residues in order to promote the combined production system.

Journal of Rural and Community Development, 2006

In mid-2002, the Cuban government announced a radical transformation of its sugar agro-industry. The element of the restructuring plan that has received the most attention is the initial shutting down of 71 of the nation's 156 sugar mills, and the assignment of 14 others to produce sugar derivatives. This was followed by a second announcement of additional closings, thereby further reducing the sugarcane-milling capacity of the industry. Less attention has been given to the shift of land from sugarcane to other crops, and to the elimination of about 100,000 sugar agro-industry jobs, which together have resulted in drastic changes in Cuba's rural landscape and communities. This article intends to fill that void. The first part provides economic context for the restructuring process. The second part describes the impacts of restructuring on grinding capacity, geographic distribution and the rural landscape, and labour redeployment. The third part analyzes some results of the restructuring process, including sugar production, agricultural diversification, and labour and community adjustments. The paper ends with some thoughts about the planning and implementation of the restructuring process and the future of the Cuban sugar agro-industry. 1.0 The Economic Rational For Restructuring The Cuban sugar industry was in the doldrums in the 1990s (Pérez-López and Alvarez 2005a)Faced with a large and unwieldy sugar agro-industry starved for investment, and unwilling to take unpopular action to downsize the industry by shutting down redundant capacity, beginning in the mid-1990s the Cuban government adopted a policy of temporarily shutting down some 45 mills during the harvest season (Varela Pérez 2004a), spreading the pain of economic idleness across the country. Since about the same time, Cuban authorities had been contemplating a drastic restructuring of the sugar industry, including the possibility of permanently closing down some sugar mills, and turning some sugarcane lands to other agricultural uses. The delays in implementing those changes were in large part the result of the

1983

Agro Ekonomi, 2021

Sugarcane revitalization is both a challenge and an opportunity in Indonesia. Demand for sugar tends to increase from year to year that fulfilled by domestic production and imports. Thus, it is necessary to increase domestic sugarcane competitiveness to balance national sugarcane production and consumption. This study’s objectives were (1) to determine the forward linkage and backward linkage of sugarcane in Indonesia, and (2) to know the output, income, and employment multiplier. The linkages and multipliers of sugarcane were calculated by the input-output analysis of 66 sectors from 1975 to 2005 by Statistics Indonesia (BPS). Estimation values for 2010, 2015, and 2020 are obtained from the linear forecasting method. T-test was used to compare linkages and multipliers between sugarcane and the average of all sectors in the economy. The results showed that the backward linkage, output, and employment multiplier of sugarcane were lower than the average of all sectors in the economy. ...

Journal of Agrarian Change, 2020

From 2007 to 2017, the Agro-Environmental Protocol of the Sugar and Energy Sector was in force, an agreement between sugarcane mill owners and the State Government of São Paulo, Brazil, proposing to eliminate sugarcane burning as a method to facilitate the harvest. Simultaneously, the sugarcane harvest was becoming widely mechanized while, under the interests of capital accumulation, the mills were entering the information and communication technology era and providing the agricultural processes with more precise and immediate management and technological controls, similar to those implemented in the mills' administrative and industrial operations in the 1990s. Short-term factors, including environmental factors, favoured sugarcane technological changes. As a result, there was a mass layoff of rural workers and an increasing number of people/workers in agricultural mechanization, transportation and maintenance of machinery and administrative as well. The whole process highlighted the differences between mills, resulting in small and medium sugarcane farmers and mills to become the most impacted, in operational and financial terms, by the accelerating mechanization of the sugarcane industry as a whole.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2006

The cane, sugar and ethanol production in Brazil has been divided in two major production regions, the Center-South (CS) and the North-Northeastern (NNE) Brazil. These regions present very different productivity, and henceforth production costs. The Center-South average productivity is higher than 72 tons of cane per hectare, while the average cane 1 This work is part of a Ph.D. thesis of the first author: Cinthia Cabral da Costa. 2 production by hectare in the NNE is about 49 tons. The primary objective of the study was to set up the interrelations between the cane agroindustry with other regional sectors and with the overall Brazilian economy. This framework was used to compare a demand impact of each regional cane agroindustry upon the regional and the overall Brazilian economy. An interregional input-output matrix was used to characterize how a regional demand impact affects both, the regional (CS and NNE) and overall Brazilian economies. Rasmussen-Hirschman indexes, together with a pure linkage index, described by Guilhoto et al. (1996), were used for the analysis. In addition, production multipliers, with and without considering endogenous family consumption were estimated. According to these indexes, a positive demand impact upon the cane agroindustry produces a greater impact upon the NNE compared to the CS economy, when income effects are considered, indicating that cane production is more important for the NNE economy than it is for the CS economy. These results can be useful to evaluate and establish priorities for development policies through public policy for the country.

2002

The paper deals with problems concerning the current sugar policy within the Common Agricultural Policy, especially the efficiency losses due to the combination of high prices and quota on subsidised sugar production. Based on a simple econometric model, the total economic costs of the current policy setting, compared with an unregulated setting, are estimated to be in the area of 20 per cent of the total sugar production, valued at world market prices. Of these costs, some 10 per cent are due to inefficiency in the crop production, as the opportunity costs of land are not taken into account because the sugar price support within the quota overrules these opportunity costs. However, according to the estimates obtained in the present study, the main economic gains by reducing the internal prices are to be found in terms of reduced consumer costs rather than improved efficiency in land use.

Food Policy, 1988

This article examines how changing world market conditions and domestic priorities brought about fundamental changes in Philippine sugar policies. Implementation of new sugar policies to reflect the altered domestic priorities, however, awaited exogenous changes -in US sugar policy and domestic macroeconomic parameters. Rather than implement policies which encouraged efficient use of domestic resources, price and production control policies were used to transfer income to groups with most political power.

Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2016

Agribusiness participation in Brazil generates investments in rural infrastructure and employment, with direct effects on local quality of life. In this sense, government policies to support the production of ethanol from sugarcane and to promote bioelectricity from bagasse production have made Brazil a country of world leadership in this field. This paper reports an assessment of socioeconomic impacts due to sugarcane production in three regions in Brazil (Piracicaba, Presidente Prudente and Southwest Goiás). Local quality of life is defined as five dimensions: income and inequality, education, infrastructure, health and general development, analysed using panel data modelling, with variables that could explain differences in development due to local characteristics, including sugarcane activity. Presidente Prudente has the highest levels of progress in education, poverty, infrastructure and general development indicators. The models indicate that participation of sugarcane has positive impacts on the indicators of the microregion. In case of Piracicaba microregion, in two models (''L-Theil'' and ''Illiteracy rate'') indicators related with sugarcane sector are significant explanatory variables, contributing for better indicators. Finally, Southwest Goias-where sugarcane activity develops later-is the single microregion in which the adjusted models have no significant explanatory variables related to sugarcane sector.

Gestão & Produção

The launching of biofuel vehicles in 2003 led to ethanol demand increase and a new phase of expansion of sugarcane cultivation in Brazil. Although the increase in area of production and the quantity of sugarcane produced have been very important to Brazilian agribusiness, the recent agricultural productivity rate has slowed. In this context, this article analyzed the factors that influence the growth rate of sugarcane productivity in the regions of new agricultural expansions, specifically in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul and Goias. For the collection and data analysis, we used bibliographical and documentary research. The shift-share method was used to analyze the evolution of sugarcane production, through the decomposition of this variable into two factors: area effect and productivity effect. The results show that the increase in production in the region under analysis was mainly due to the incorporation of new planting areas and not to an increase in productivity. In addition...

Kasetsart Journal of Agricultural …, 1999