History of Spinal Injury Management

European Journal of Neurology, 2004

2016

European scientists gave a fundamental contribution to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI), and consequently defined the bestsuited treatment for this disease. The historical course of the management of SCI during the last two centuries goes through intuitive open-minded practicioners, physicians, neurologists, orthopedics, and neurosurgeons, which lived and operated on in the European countries. Starting from a purely conservative approach, advocated since the dawning of civilization, they deepened their anatomical knowledge overcoming the initial therapeutic nihilism and improving the dismal prognosis ascribed to damage to the spinal cord. Their achievements have driven to the actual managing protocols for the victims of this disabling disease.

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2005

2010

Dating from the seventeenth century B.C. the Edwin Smith papyrus is a unique treatise containing the oldest known descriptions of signs and symptoms of injuries of the spinal column and spinal cord. Based on a recent ''medically based translation'' of the Smith papyrus, its enclosed treasures in diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic reasoning are revisited. Although patient demographics, diagnostic techniques and therapeutic options considerably changed over time, the documented rationale on spinal injuries can still be regarded as the state-of-the-art reasoning for modern clinical practice.

Neurospine journal, 2020

Spine surgery historically has been a neglected part of neurosurgery. The contribution of orthopedic spine surgeons towards many fundamental disorders and surgical techniques is a substantial part of spine surgery. This includes spinal fixation, trauma, and deformity correction. Neurosurgeons' contributions to spine surgery are significant in microsurgery, minimally invasive surgery, cervical approaches, and fixation techniques. The recent trend is to use the term "Neurospine," and journals and societies with this name increase. This study outlines spinal neurosurgery's current condition in different countries, especially national and international societies. A brief history of spinal neurosurgery is described.

Acta Scientific Orthopaedics

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devasting neurological condition producing physical dependency, morbidity, psychological stress and financial burden, Spinal cord injury is characterized by the degradation of motor, sensory and autonomic functions either because of wholly or partially damage in the spinal cord because of trauma. Its a debilitating neurological condition with socio economic impact on affected individuals and the health care system, It completely changed subjects life because it's a life long treatment and loss of income and patient completely depend on others. According to Ara Z., et al. 2022 SCI is a life threatning process and it greatly effects subjects' quality of life and families, In 1700 BC in an Egyptian surgical papyrus, they describe the frustration of health care professionals in treating a severe spinal cord injury, the Papyrus reported spinal fractures as a ''disease that should not be treated''. Most of these studies approach a patient with acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) in one of four manners: corrective surgery or a physical, biological or pharmacological treatment method. clinically, we only provide supportive care for patients with spinal cord injuries. By combining these treatments, researchers attempt to enhance the functional recovery of patients with spinal cord injuries. Advances in the last decade have allowed us to encourage the development of experimental studies in the field of spinal cord regeneration.

Neurosurgical Focus, 2004

There are few more devastating injuries that afflict man than those associated with spinal cord injury (SCI). The economic, psychological, and social impact are encompassing and enormous to the individual and society. During the last several years, there has been a renewed interest in the study of SCI, with the hope of finding a cure. It is appropriate, then, to examine the efforts accomplished throughout medical history. With this retrospective view, potential avenues for future treatment become more apparent and clear. As in the past, the integration of basic science and clinical innovation will create the path toward progress for treatment of this disease.

Animal Models of Spinal Cord Repair, 2012

This chapter re fl ects the yearning for discoveries within the fi eld of spinal cord injury (SCI) and points out the dif fi culties, opportunities, as well as possibilities to relate and translate the results from basic science to clinical management. After a brief presentation of "spinal cord history," we provide a short overview of the cornerstones of modern management of patients with SCI. This overview will, besides introducing basic scientists in the fi eld of clinical practice, also expose the inherent imprecision of everyday clinical care compared to the high methodological requirements of experimental SCI research. We will focus our presentation on medical management aimed at preventing the consequences of secondary injury in the acute period, i.e., neuroprotection. A brief overview of various techniques of neural regeneration in the subacute (late) and chronic phase will follow this. Finally, based on the progress in basic science within the fi elds of neuroprotection and regeneration, some thoughts about future clinical therapeutic avenues will be discussed.

Neurospine, 2020

Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, 2017

Background: The incidence of non-traumatic spinal cord dysfunction (SCDys) is reported to be higher than traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) in many countries. No formal review of the history of SCDys has been published. Objective: This article aims to identify key highlights in the history of SCDys. Method: An electronic literature search was conducted (January 2017) using MEDLINE (1946-2016) and Embase (1974-2016) databases for publications regarding the history of SCDys. Publications on the history of SCI and a selection of neurology textbooks and books on the history of neurology were reviewed for potentially relevant references. The focus of the literature search was on identifying publications that detail key highlights regarding the history of the diagnosis and management of the most common SCDys conditions, as well as those of historical significance. Results: The electronic search of MEDLINE and Embase identified 11 relevant publications. The majority of publications included were identified from the authors' libraries and a selection of books on neurology and the history of neurology. Conclusions: This review outlines the history of SCDys, taking a broader historical perspective and covering the increasing awareness of the role of the spinal cord and knowledge of neuroanatomy. Key milestones in the history of the diagnosis and management of the most common SCDys conditions are presented. An appreciation of the history of SCDys increases our understanding of the large number of people who contributed to our current knowledge of these conditions and in some situations helps guide efforts regarding prevention of SCDys.