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Efficient Phrase-Based Document Similarity for Clustering

2000, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering

Abstract

Phrase has been considered as a more informative feature term for improving the effectiveness of document clustering. In this paper, we propose a phrase-based document similarity to compute the pairwise similarities of documents based on the Suffix Tree Document (STD) model. By mapping each node in the suffix tree of STD model into a unique feature term in the Vector Space Document (VSD) model, the phrase-based document similarity naturally inherits the term tf-idf weighting scheme in computing the document similarity with phrases. We apply the phrase-based document similarity to the group-average Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering (HAC) algorithm and develop a new document clustering approach. Our evaluation experiments indicate that the new clustering approach is very effective on clustering the documents of two standard document benchmark corpora OHSUMED and RCV1. The quality of the clustering results significantly surpasses the results of traditional single-word tf-idf similarity measure in the same HAC algorithm, especially in large document data sets. Furthermore, by studying the property of STD model, we conclude that the feature vector of phrase terms in the STD model can be considered as an expanded feature vector of the traditional single-word terms in the VSD model. This conclusion sufficiently explains why the phrase-based document similarity works much better than the single-word tf-idf similarity measure.