The Landfill Siting Technology: Challenging and Trends

Environmental challenges, 2021

Recognizing potential sites for landfill has increasingly become an important waste management strategy around the world. This study aims to determine municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills in SaharKhiz Region located in Gilan by comparing Fuzzy logic and Boolean logic. Fuzzy logic, which has been used in this research, is based on weighted linear combination (WLC); however, the utilized Boolean logic is considered only to determine the accuracy and validity of every method. At first, the Boolean logic using a geographical information system (GIS) is used to recognize potential and excluded zones, based on zero and one value system. In the next phase, Fuzzy logic is used, between zero and one, to standardize information layers, based on their type (increasing or decreasing). The final weight of every layer was determined using the analytical hierarchy process. Finally, the WLC method was used to integrate layers in the GIS environment to provide the final site suitability map in five classes of Fuzzy membership degree. The results show that Fuzzy logic, based on WLC, has more flexibility to resolve conflicts of human judgment, and it also has higher accuracy than Boolean logic in the selection of optimal landfill sites for MSW in SaharKhiz Region, Gilan Province, based on ecological and socioeconomic parameters.

SN Applied Sciences

Recognizing potential sites for landfill has increasingly become an important waste management strategy around the world. This study aims to determine municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills in SaharKhiz Region located in Gilan by comparing Fuzzy logic and Boolean logic. Fuzzy logic, which has been used in this research, is based on weighted linear combination (WLC); however, the utilized Boolean logic is considered only to determine the accuracy and validity of every method. At first, the Boolean logic using a geographical information system (GIS) is used to recognize potential and excluded zones, based on zero and one value system. In the next phase, Fuzzy logic is used, between zero and one, to standardize information layers, based on their type (increasing or decreasing). The final weight of every layer was determined using the analytical hierarchy process. Finally, the WLC method was used to integrate layers in the GIS environment to provide the final site suitability map in five classes of Fuzzy membership degree. The results show that Fuzzy logic, based on WLC, has more flexibility to resolve conflicts of human judgment, and it also has higher accuracy than Boolean logic in the selection of optimal landfill sites for MSW in SaharKhiz Region, Gilan Province, based on ecological and socioeconomic parameters.

2017

Given the potential negative environmental impacts linked with wild landfills in Béni Mellal-Khouribga Region, there is a significant need to accelerate the development of controlled intermunicipal landfills. Any landfill project requires identification of the most suitable sites to prevent environmental adversity. So, this study was conducted to identify candidate landfill sites using geographic information system (GIS) and multi-criteria evaluation techniques. Ten suitability criteria including distance to residential areas, aspect (wind), geology (lithology), distance to faults, distance to surface water, groundwater table, land use, distance to roads, elevation, and slope are considered in the siting assessment. The thematic maps of all criteria were prepared in GIS environment using Boolean and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) standardization. After hiding unsuitable areas of landfill sites identified by the Boolean method, each criterion was evaluated with the aid of AHP and the final landfill site suitability map was generated using the overlay analysis in GIS. The results showed that 54% of the study area is not suitable, 12% is lowly suitable, 24% is moderately suitable, and indeed 10% is highly suitable for landfilling. The identified suitable areas will require careful field studies before the final decision for landfill site selection. Nonetheless, this study can help planners and local and regional authorities to better manage the solid waste in the region.

Sustainable development (SD) can be defined as the right and correct usage of various resources to promote the quality of life. Using productive resources and recycling them properly play an important and effective role in health and growth of a society. Waste, which because of its large amount and being returnable to the nature considered as a productive resource, is one of the most environmental problems. The present study tries to examine different factors effecting on landfill sites and the value of each while introduces usage of new algorithms to site selection and decision making practices. Optimal areas for landfill municipal wastes were selected by Boolean, fuzzy and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methods using the GIS techniques. Effective factors in landfill were generally classified into 4 main and 15 secondary criteria. Site selection in the area carried out by different algorithms, then final results were extracted and AHP method was selected with respect to field inspections, volume evaluation of place, and value of local land rather than Boolean and fuzzy ones. Site selection on the one hand and careful management of landfill operation on the other hand reduce the pollution caused by this natural cycle to the lowest possible level. Thus, minimizing waste disposal and maximizing material recycling must take priority over all other municipal waste management plans.

Site location of a Landfill for disposing of hazardous wastes is undoubtedly a main task in solid waste management. Existence of many conflicting criteria has changed the decision making framework to be a difficult and complex process. A systematic two-stage procedure for proper landfill sitting is presented here in a case study using geographical information system (GIS) tool and analytical hierarchy process (AHP). In the preliminary stage, thematic maps are rigorously obtained in GIS environment by considering all effective criteria such as wells, groundwater, rivers, cities, roads and so on. Unsuitable regions for landfill sites are then excluded from the thematic maps by using specified buffers defined for each criterion. In the second stage, a number of selected sites were ranked by using analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The prospective sites are compared to each other with respect to each criterion. The criteria are also compared through the development of pair-wise compari...

City and Environment Interactions, 2020

Rajshahi is considered as one of the most growing cities in Bangladesh with enormous potentialities for physical and environmental development. The city has taken over air pollution, and it should now shift their focus on preparing to face the consequences of rapid urban growth. With unorganised solid waste management even after the absence of industries and mega industries, the city has a chance of collapsing in the period of potential future massive development movement. In order to combat this potential risk during that period, the landfill can be applicable in this developing city being the cheapest and straightforward method. Concerning this, this study attempts to identify suitable places to dispose of Metropolitan Solid Waste (MeSW). To select suitable sites for landfills, several critical factors, such as ge-ology/hydrogeology, land use, aspect, slope, and distance from the surface water body, settlements, roads, railway, and protected areas, were chosen according to standards and regulations. Weights of criteria are determined using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP), and then the weighted overlay analyses are used to nominate landfill sites. According to findings extracted, only about 6% area is highly suitable, and 22% of the area is moderately suitable for the landfill site development. Considering parameters such as minimum required area for landfills, buffer distance from residents, major roads and agricultural lands, political and management issues, and having discussions with key personnel, the study opts two potential sites for landfill development. Inappropriate landfill locations other than this will lead to adverse environmental, economic, and ecological externalities.

Health Scope, 2015

Background: Due to burgeoning population, solid waste site selection is one of the most crucial issues in waste management system. Regarding the complexity of waste management systems, the convenient solid waste site selection involves considering multiple alternative solutions and assessing different criteria. Objectives: The current study, aimed to select the fuzzy logic method as one of the most popular approaches in multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to find a new sanitary landfill site through considering various criteria in Bardaskan city, Iran. Materials and Methods: Nine types of criteria divided into two main groups of ecological and economical criteria were involved to select the most convenient landfill site. A model based on the multi criteria evaluation techniques and combination of geographical information systems (GIS) with fuzzy logic was employed. The ESRI Arc GIS 10 term system was utilized to manipulate and present spatial data. The fuzzy AND operator was used to overlay all standardized maps. Results: The results of the current research proposed five locations with the fuzzy membership value of more than 0.9 as the best landfill sites in the study area. The sites were located in the North and North East of Bardaskan city. The study demonstrated that 51.97 % of the study area was not suitable for landfill location whilst only 7.8 % was highly suitable for landfill siting. About 1956.61 hectares of the studied area was suitable for territorial landfill siting. Conclusions: The study results guided the municipality authorities to select the best landfill site among the candidate ones, and due to the broad spectrum of classifications, the output results can enable decision makers to make appropriate decisions to reduce the costs both in economical and bioenvironmental criteria.

Handbook of Research on Cultural and Economic Impacts of the Information Society

Increasing population and urbanization pose a huge challenge for municipal authorities to select suitable landfill site to dispose the increasing quantities of solid waste. Wrong landfill siting can result in social, environmental and economic cost. Therefore, suitable approaches are required to select landfill sites because that can enhance sound waste disposal practice in the fast-growing urban areas. The Geographic Information System based Multi-criteria Decision Analysis has been used in this chapter to examine the essentials of an effective site selection. GIS-based MCDA is an intelligent system that transforms spatial data into valuable information which can be used to make critical decisions. The analytical hierarchy process is utilized to assist the prioritization process. In Langkawi, disposal of municipal solid waste into open sites could lead to different adverse impacts on public health and the physical environment. This paper represents simple but effective method to assist landfill site selection efforts in the Langkawi.

Environmental Earth Sciences, 2016

Landfilling is the most common method used for disposal of solid waste and selection of suitable landfill for municipal solid waste management is important part of urban planning. The aims of this paper are determining the constraints, criteria for landfill site selection according to present legislations in Iran, zoning potential of Shabestar city for construction of municipal landfill and selection of the most suitable sites. At first, by reviewing of internal and external literature, the criteria which were necessary to achieve the aims of study were determined. Then, conceptual model of landfill site selection steps and process was developed. After that, the required maps were collected from relevant organizations and prepared using geographic information systems (GIS) tool in order to use in the next steps. Finally, all criteria maps were standardized by fuzzy functions and entered in mathematical combination model. In this study, the fuzzy functions in ArcGIS 10 including linear, large, small and Gaussian were used. Weighting of criteria was performed by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method using expert choice application and weighted linear combination (WLC) was chosen for integration of maps. Preliminary results of zoning showed that nearly 6.2 % of the study area has good suitability for municipal landfill. To select the best site among the candidate sites for Shabestar city, at first the sensitive analysis was performed and then the best site was selected based on required area, soil depth, dominant wind direction and visibility from residential area.

Landfill siting is a complex process. It is one of the major problems in waste management, where many factors should be taken into consideration when selecting a suitable site for landfill in any given area. At the present time, there are many random waste disposal sites distributed throughout Al-Hashimiyah Qadhaa in Iraq. In this study, the Geographic Information System (GIS) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) were used to select the best sites for landfill. The process of selecting sites for landfill in Al-Hashimiyah Qadhaa comprised two steps. First, fifteen different criteria were mapped and incorporated into overlay analyses within GIS software to produce the final suitability index map for the site. The second step comprises the exclusion of unsuitable areas from the final map to simplify identification of the candidate sites for landfill in the study area. The weightings of criteria were identified using AHP, and the weightings of the sub-criteria of each criterion were determined based on multiple factors. In order to accommodate solid waste from 2020 until 2030, two suitable candidate landfill sites were determined which fulfill the required area of 1.013 km 2 with areas of 1.374 km 2 and 1.288 km 2 respectively.