An 18th Century Artifact from Beauregard Parish, Louisiana

A set of artifacts, apparently associated with human remains (one tooth), from Pine Island, Alabama, was donated to the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History in 1915. In preparation for repatriation, this collection was investigated extensively by a volunteer team. This paper reports the results of this analysis, focusing especially on a new type of trade gun and the glass beads. The goal of the research is to provide an accurate date for the collection to assist in identifying the Native American group represented.

1984

Pedo-i, Organization pt. No. ind Cnry 'ringpr DARC 0 Report 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Project/Task/Work Unit No.

Fifty Years of Archaeology in West-central Louisiana: Cultural Resource Investigations on Fort Polk 1972–2022.. , 2023

In compliance with federal laws protecting our country’s heritage, cultural resource investigations have been undertaken in west-central Louisiana on Fort Polk for 50 years, since the early 1970s. A vast program of archaeological survey, excavation, and analysis has occurred, encompassing the examination of over 200,000 acres, and locating over 4,000 sites. Intensive testing has occurred on over 900 of these sites to evaluate their significance for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), with 184 considered Eligible, of which 5 have been subject to large scale data recovery excavations, at 16VN18, 16VN24 (Big Brushy), 16SA50 (Eagle Hill II), 16VN791 and 16VN794. This research is documented in over 250 technical and popular reports and associated collections and records that are maintained on Fort Polk in a state of the art curation facility. This volume provides a synthesis of work, showing how much it has to tell us about Native American settlement in this part of Louisiana, and the connections people here had with groups and settings far beyond the local area. A review of the work that has been undertaken to date is provided, followed by analyses documenting the diagnostic artifacts that have been found and how they have been used to examine patterns of landuse over time, provide measures of site disturbance and integrity, and evaluate the accuracy of the local cultural sequence. Updated guidelines for site assessment and NRHP evaluation are advanced, to facilitate the protection and management of cultural resources moving forward. The cultural resource investigations undertaken on Fort Polk are among the most extensive undertaken anywhere in the United States, and in terms of the amount of survey, testing, evaluation, reporting, and synthetic effort, are as comprehensive as any undertaken anywhere in the world. Cultural resource management investigations, conducted in consultation and collaboration with descendant populations, local communities, and state and federal review and compliance authorities, can lead to a better understanding of and appreciation for the past, and the long term preservation of these resources into the future. This volume provides an updated synthesis of cultural resource investigations through 2022 on Fort Polk, now Fort Johnson, in western Louisiana. The synthesis was completed and released before the installation's name was changed, but that fact is acknowledged in the report dedication, which includes U.S. Army Sergeant William Henry Johnson's Medal of Honor citation. The emphasis in this volume is the archaeological work directed to the First Peoples to use this part of the region. The analyses employ data from thousands of sites, many hundreds of which were intensively tested, to refine the cultural sequence for the area, and better understand past land use practices.

2017

Pages This thesis will outline the temporal changes and choices of colonial powers and individuals as expressed at historic frontier posts in the Midwest between 1683 and 1779 as expressed through their supply and usage of gunflints. Gunflints exist as persistent artifacts at historic sites, and especially so at fortifications like Fort de Chartres, Fort St. Joseph, Fort Michilimackinac and Fort Ouiatenon. These sites exist within the same chronological timeframe, from 1690-1780, and saw occupation by both the French and British, with nearby indigenous groups, and should serve as instructive means to investigate the factors involved in the supply, selection, and use of gunflints. The project examined gunflint distribution based upon factors such as country of manufacture, style, and approximate chronological dating in order to investigate the influence of political, economic, and military events of this time period upon the availability and use of these artifacts. This study will not base itself with a reliance upon a trait based analysis, but will drill deeper into the reasons for the choices these communities made when selecting gunflints with different styles and places of manufacture. In this way, a more profound understanding of a nation's choices, as they pertained to gunflint modes and styles over time as well as a consideration of the various social, economic, and political factors which affected distribution and transportation to these interior forts will help to bring context and understanding in the choices made by military, civilians, and indigenous populations in the historic Midwest during this time period.

Southeastern Archaeology , 2017

Archaeological analyses of European lithic technologies in North America are often discussed anecdotally within the context of other material evidence of European occupations. In North America, the presence of gunflints manufactured in Europe, generally England (which became part of Great Britain in 1707) or France, is used as a marker for the influence of these European powers and as a reflection of from whom residents obtained their material culture. Gunflints were made in Europe and in North America (north of the Rio Grande) from the early 1600s to the late 1800s. Thus, gunflints from sites such as the Natchez Fort, Louisiana (AD 1729–1731) provide a unique avenue of analysis for understanding both continuity in lithic technologies and the interactions between indigenous and introduced technologies. We address methodological concerns in typifying historic lithic collections, specifically eighteenth-century gunflints, particularly as these concern sourcing and the implications of sourcing for eighteenth-century colonial interactions in the southeastern United States.

Southeastern Archaeology, 2012

Great Plains Research, 1991

Gun part assemblages from several Euroamerican and Native American contact period sites from the Plains are compared as a way of examining how firearms were incorporated into Native technology of the Plains region. These data are interpreted in terms of a 'tfault tree analysis," an operations research technique that identifies potential points of failure in technical systems in order to study patterns of use, maintenance, and reliability. The analysis indicates distinctively different patterns of gun repair and treatment by Indians and Euroamericans but suggests that Indians were quite capable of repairing firearms and that they systentatically reused parts from failed arms. The period of initial contact between Euroamerican and Native American societies has attracted the attention of historians, anthropologists, archaeologists, and, of course, the general public. Beyond their intrinsic interest, the dramatic events and romantic objects of the contact period have been studi...

The Duck River Cache, found at the Link Farm site in Humphreys County, is one of Tennessee's most significant archaeological discoveries. In this paper I place the ritual cache in temporal context based on analysis of symbolic Mississippian combat weaponry and recent radiocarbon dates from the Link Farm site. Symbolic combat weaponry, such as that found in the Duck River cache, has a long tradition in the Southeast and Midwest. The evolution of Mississippian symbolic weaponry is presented here in order to evaluate the varied forms found in the famous cache.

1990

COSA71 CODES 18 SUBIEC7 TERMS (Continue on reverse it necessary and identify by block number) PE LD GROUP SUBGROUP Acadian coast Bloatway German Coast Mississippi River 0 5 06 Antebellum Cradle Historic archeology S.-Jhamas Parish Armant Plantation Dog Louisiana '9 ABSTRAC' (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) R. Christopher Goodwin & Associates, Inc. conducted an intensive archeological survey and assessment of the proposed Vacherie Revetment easement along .3 miles of the Mississippi River in St. James Parish, Louisiana. Historic and archival research concentrating on the economic developments affecting the proposed construction item are discussed. Historic maps show bankline changes and prior construction within the survey area. Survey located Site 16 SJ 52, the remnants of the c. 1959 Maxime Rodrigue boatyard and ways. Artifacts include a single-drum chain-driven winch associated with the operation of boatways. Most of the boatyard equipment, including the boatways, are missing from the site, and portions of the site are graded. Based on the recency of the site and its lack of integrity, the site was assessed to be not significant. 20 DISTRIBUTION/ AVAILABILITY OF ABSTRACT 21 ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION JUNCLASSFEDUNL:MlTED C3 SAME AS RPT [: OTIC USERS 22a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUAL 22b TELEPHONE (include Area Code) 22C. OFFICE SYMBOL

International Journal of Historical Archaeology, 2020

Gunflint production variability and its association with specific manufacturing locations have been used as mechanisms for understanding distribution networks between Euro-pean powers, Indigenous peoples, and settlers in the eighteenth-and nineteenth-century Americas. Gunflint production mechanisms and scale varies between production locations , but recent studies illustrate that the spatial and temporal variability in production activities is more diverse than previously thought. Here we examine three gunflint assemblages from eighteenth-and nineteenth-century sites in Louisiana to address gunflint production variability's relationship with temporal differences and changing economic networks. Broadly, this study finds greater variability in exchange of gunflints than previously thought and suggests that interactions between European colonial powers and their colonies were more complex and nuanced than previously suspected.